Indie soul

Last updated

Indie soul (also referred as Alternative Soul or Soul Pop) is a genre of music that combines elements of soul, funk, jazz, and hip-hop with indie rock and pop. It is characterized by its eclectic mix of styles, often featuring a mix of live instrumentation and electronic production. [1]

Contents

Indie Soul can be a laid-back, mellow vibe, with lyrics that are often introspective [2] and reflective. [3] It can also be a boisterous, riff driven, smooth bounce, blurring boundaries [4] from elements of funk and pop. [5] It is often seen as a taking inspiration from soul music, with a focus on experimentation and collaboration, to create a unique soundscape of bohemian black music built around community. [6] Throughout the late 2010's it has grown into a relatively mainstream genre of African-American music.

Historical Background

Like many other styles of independent music, or music in general, [7] indie-soul artists and sounds evolved and their journey to their own genre took place over time.

1960's

In the 1960's with the success of labels like Berry Gordy’s Motown---notable for being African-American owned, unlike most of the earlier independent R&B labels---soul music was wildly popular and black music had its first taste of independence. [8] However it had mutated from a vocal style into a sound style that was increasingly dependent on arrangers and producers. [9] Black artists began looking to escape the record industry's mistreatment and financial abuses [10] in which they were often given less than 5% of a records sales. In addition they wanted to be able to be more vocal in their social and political messages [11] of self-sufficiency, economic and political empowerment, unity, and racial pride, [12] they wanted to form a community they controlled.

1970's & 80's

The 1970's & 80's brought a general decline in soul and Motown style in favor of rock, funk, disco, and pop, the sounds that would later be used in Indie soul. [13] [14] In addition, a contributing factor in the decline was a shift from party music to an increasing political nature of the music due to the challenging social issues of the times. [15] Black artists, specifically indie soul artists, used their music to shine light on the disparities and led to a less accessible music to the general American public. [16] The Black Power movement, itself with roots in Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League [17] developed along side indie soul music and strengthened the color divisions. [18] Messaging that would later reapper in the African ideals of Neo soul. Additionally, music had traditionally been single(s) based which had previously allowed independent soul to compete with major labels. However in the 1970's album sales became more popular and brought with them soaring production costs. The independent labels like Motown had been and the artists weren't able to compete. [19] And a new juggernaut had started. Rap.

While the 80's brought a continued decline for soul, their message of independence had grown more powerful. In 1982 Tina Tuner became the first Black woman to appear on MTV and the indie soul artist's social agenda had inspired newer generations and genres to seek their independence. Community based hip-hop, which started as a social movement in the South Bronx, [20] consisted of breaks from soul artists. [21] Linked with the "new" digital recording format, [22] Artist owned labels entrepreneurial efforts became prevalent, like 2 Live Crew Records in 1985 or James brown buying radio station in 1989. [23]

1990's

With the rise of R&B, Hip-Hop, and Rap at the start of the 90's, African American music and American music as a whole had a new soundscape [24] In the late 1990's, shortly after the rise of Neo soul on the East Coast, with analog sounds featuring funk, jazz, africana, and drum breaks from groups like the Soulquarias at Electric Lady [25] and Erykah Badu. On the West Coast, artists like Sa-Ra began experimenting and blending indie rock sounds, more live instrumentation, pop production, and upbeat funk while artists like rapper Eric Roberson(The King of Indie Soul) [26] began to modernize the soul sound outside the traditional framework of labels, [27] and the roots of the modern indie-soul sound emerged.

One claim for having named the genre to describe this new soundscape in 1999 comes via a music website run by a small record label executive, Uncle Odis [28] to describe the eclectic sounds of a new generation of music that featured developmental sounds from artists in the African-American R&B community who where reviving soul sounds with new textures.

Modern Developments


United States

International

Artists

Artist Anderson .Paak who gained acclaim in the genre has said he dove back into his good vibes, unique soundscapes, and cultural authenticity after having failed to gain traction in other genres. [29] His appearece on NPR Music's Tiny Desk, with Free Nationals was the most popular in the history of the show. [30]

In 2018 indie-soul singer Kameron Corvet [31] won a Grammy for co-writing "Don’t Make Me Wait" with Sting and Shaggy [32]

Indie soul artist Janelle Monáe has been nominated for 10 Grammy awards, her collaborator Sean Combs said of her unique talent and style "It was time for me to recognize that other people maybe had ideas that I didn't understand..." [33]

In 2020 Nané appeared on NPR Music's Tiny Desk series. [34]

The genre [35] is a diverse showcase of artists such as; Ben l'Oncle Soul, [36] Blood Orange, Toro y Moi, Amber Mark, Poolside, Tim Gerard, De la Soul, Conya Doss, [37] Tom Misch, Free Nationals, Allen Stone, [38] Elder Island, Franc Moody, Teddra Moses, [39] James Blake, Masego, [40] Sa-Ra, [41] Sault, [42] Saskwatch [43] Solange Knowles [44] and Parcels.

Historic Labels

Independent record labels like Dome who is distinguished and has been consistently voted one of the leading black music labels has been an advocate of the genre since its inception and is active in signing American artists. [45]

Stones Throw Records who since 1996 have signed artists across genres leading to collaboration and diverse innovation have amplified the genre [46] with influence from artists like Aloe Blacc, Questlove and Nxworries. [47]

Events

In 2007 Norfolk, VA, MOJO entertainment announced the first outdoor Indie Soul Summer Concert [48]

In 2008 the city of Springfield, MA began the Springfield Indie Soul Festival which is in its 15th year and is aimed to spread music, community, positivity and diversity [49] in the spirit of Black Woodstock [50] and Boston 68' [51]

In 2012 at the inaugural Libera Awards presented by the American Association of Independent Music, the indie soul band JC Brooks & the Uptown Sound won for Best Breakthrough Artist.

In 2013 Brown Baby Girl and Adina Nyree put on the first Play It Forward Eclectic Soul Tour, with proceeds going towards community based philonthropic development. [52]

In 2022 Indie Soul artist Endel collaborated with SXSW to rethink the television, making a indie-soul sleep track. [53]

In 2023 The Minnesota Zoo threw an after-hours silent disco and scavenger hunt festival "Wild Nights: Indie Soul, Rhythm, and Blues' [54]

In 2023 San Fransisco announced it's summer festival Indie Soul Fest at Golden Gate Park. [55]

Media

In 2014 a documentary --- “Undeniable - The Story of The Independent Soul Music Movement” --- told stories of artists and music lovers right from the genres late 1990s origins to the halcyon days of the mid-2000s to the no rules mindset of the day. [56] It was partially funded through Indiegogo.

Eric Roberson's the "King of Independent Soul Music", was featured in a PBS episode profile of "Indie Soul Journeys" about his career and struggle with vocal polyps. [57]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Funk</span> 1960s music genre

Funk is a music genre that originated in African American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African-Americans in the mid-20th century. It deemphasizes melody and chord progressions and focuses on a strong rhythmic groove of a bassline played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a percussionist, often at slower tempos than other popular music. Funk typically consists of a complex percussive groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves that create a "hypnotic" and "danceable" feel. It uses the same richly colored extended chords found in bebop jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths, and dominant seventh chords with altered ninths and thirteenths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soul music</span> Genre of music

Soul music is a popular music genre that originated in the African American community throughout the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s. It has its roots in African-American gospel music and rhythm and blues. Soul music became popular for dancing and listening, where U.S. record labels such as Motown, Atlantic and Stax were influential during the Civil Rights Movement. Soul also became popular around the world, directly influencing rock music and the music of Africa. It also had a resurgence in the mid-to late 1990s with the subgenre neo-soul, which added modern production elements and influence from hip-hop.

West Coast hip hop is a regional genre of hip hop music that encompasses any artists or music that originated in the West Coast of the United States. West Coast hip hop began to dominate from a radio play and sales standpoint during the early to-mid 1990s with the birth of G-funk and the emergence of record labels such as Suge Knight and Dr. Dre's Death Row Records, Ice Cube's Lench Mob Records, the continued success of Eazy-E's Ruthless Records, Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment, and others.

Neo soul is a genre of popular music. As a term, it was coined by music industry entrepreneur Kedar Massenburg during the late 1990s to market and describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B. Heavily based in soul music, neo soul is distinguished by a less conventional sound than its contemporary R&B counterpart, with incorporated elements ranging from funk, jazz fusion, hip hop, and African music to pop, rock, and electronic music. It has been noted by music writers for its traditional R&B influences, conscious-driven lyrics, and strong female presence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">African-American music</span> Musical traditions of African American people

African-American music is a broad term covering a diverse range of musical genres largely developed by African Americans and their culture. Its origins are in musical forms that developed as a result of the enslavement of African Americans prior to the American Civil War. It has been said that "every genre that is born from America has black roots."

Black music is a sound created, produced, or inspired by black people, including African music traditions and African popular music as well as the music genres of the African diaspora, including some Caribbean music, Latin music, Brazilian music and African-American music. These genres include spiritual, gospel, rumba, blues, bomba, rock and roll, rock, jazz,Pop, salsa, R&B, samba, calypso, soca, soul, disco, kwaito,funk, ska, reggae, dub reggae, house, Detroit techno, amapiano, hip hop, pop, gqom, afrobeat, bluegrass, and others.

Popular music of the United Kingdom in the 1980s built on the post-punk and new wave movements, incorporating different sources of inspiration from subgenres and what is now classed as world music in the shape of Jamaican and Indian music. It also explored the consequences of new technology and social change in the electronic music of synthpop. In the early years of the decade, while subgenres like heavy metal music continued to develop separately, there was a considerable crossover between rock and more commercial popular music, with a large number of more "serious" bands, like The Police and UB40, enjoying considerable single chart success.

Electro is a genre of electronic music and early hip hop directly influenced by the use of the Roland TR-808 drum machines and funk. Records in the genre typically feature heavy electronic sounds, usually without vocals, although if vocals are present they are delivered in a deadpan manner, often through electronic distortion such as vocoding and talkboxing. It palpably deviates from its predecessor boogie by being less vocal-oriented and more focused on electronic beats produced by drum machines.

Psychedelic soul is a music genre that emerged in the late 1960s and saw Black soul musicians embrace elements of psychedelic rock, including its production techniques, instrumentation, effects units and drug influences. It came to prominence in the late 1960s and continued into the 1970s, playing a major role in the development of funk and disco.

Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums is a music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine that ranks R&B and hip hop albums based on sales in the United States and is compiled by Luminate. The chart debuted as Hot R&B LPs in the issue dated January 30, 1965, in an effort by the magazine to further expand into the field of rhythm and blues music. It then went through several name changes, being known as Soul LPs in the 1970s and Top Black Albums in the 1980s, before returning to the R&B identification in 1990 and affixing a hip hop designation in 1999 to reflect the latter's growing sales and relationship to R&B during the decade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Janelle Monáe</span> American singer and actress (born 1985)

Janelle Monáe Robinson is an American singer, songwriter, rapper and actress. She has received ten Grammy Award nominations, and won a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Children's and Family Emmy Award. Monáe has also been honored with the ASCAP Vanguard Award, as well as the Rising Star Award (2015) and the Trailblazer of the Year Award (2018) from Billboard Women in Music.

Hip-hop or hip hop, also known as rap, and formerly known as disco rap, is a genre of popular music that originated in the early 1970s by African Americans and Caribbean immigrants in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Hip-hop music originated as an anti-drug and anti-violence genre consisting of stylized rhythmic music that often accompanies rapping, a rhythmic delivery of poetic speech. According to the professor Asante of African American studies at Temple University, "hip hop is something that blacks can unequivocally claim as their own". The music developed as part of the broader hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, breakdancing, and graffiti art. While often used to refer solely to rapping and rap music, "hip hop" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. The term hip hop music is sometimes used synonymously with the term rap music, though rapping is not a required component of hip hop music; the genre may also incorporate other elements of the culture, including DJing, turntablism, scratching, beatboxing, and instrumental tracks.

<i>The ArchAndroid</i> 2010 studio album by Janelle Monáe

The ArchAndroid is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Janelle Monáe, released on May 18, 2010, by Wondaland Arts Society, Bad Boy Records, and Atlantic Records. Production for the album took place at Wondaland Studios in Atlanta and was primarily handled by Monáe, Nate "Rocket" Wonder, and Chuck Lightning, with only one song without production by Monáe. She also collaborated for certain songs with Saul Williams, Big Boi, of Montreal, and Deep Cotton.

Future soul is a term often used by UK singer-songwriter Daley in the 2010s to describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B. Although both soulful and conscious, future soul is distinguished from neo soul as it infuses more elements of pop, electronica, dubstep and hip hop instead of jazz and funk. Simply put, future soul is soulful songwriting infused with forward thinking electronic production.

<i>The Electric Lady</i> 2013 studio album by Janelle Monáe

The Electric Lady is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Janelle Monáe, released on September 6, 2013, by Wondaland Arts Society, Bad Boy Records and Atlantic Records. It is the follow-up to her critically acclaimed debut studio album, The ArchAndroid (2010), and likewise, received universal acclaim from music critics. This album serves as the fourth and fifth installments of her seven-part Metropolis concept series. Musically, The Electric Lady incorporates influences of hip hop soul, funk, gospel, jazz, rock, pop, and reggae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jidenna</span> Nigerian-American rapper and singer

Jidenna Theodore Mobisson, known mononymously as Jidenna, is an American rapper and singer. He signed with Janelle Monáe's record label Wondaland Arts Society, an imprint of Epic Records to release his debut single, "Classic Man" in 2015. The song peaked at number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100, received double platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and was followed up with the single "Yoga" that same year. Both of which preceded the release of Wondaland's debut compilation project, The Eephus (2015). Jidenna's debut studio album, The Chief (2017) peaked at number 38 on the Billboard 200. His second album, 85 to Africa (2019) explored Afrobeats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yoga (Janelle Monáe and Jidenna song)</span> 2015 song performed by Janelle Monáe

"Yoga" is a song by American singer Janelle Monáe and Nigerian-American rapper Jidenna. It was released on March 31, 2015 as the second single from the collective EP, The Eephus. A departure from Monáe's well-known indie funk and psychedelic sound, "Yoga" is a hip hop and trap record with a more mainstream sound and lyrics that can be interpreted as "sexualized". Many music blogs and publications have praised Monáe for her creativity, sense of individuality and boldness on the track as well as Jidenna's relaxed flow. The song was produced by Nate "Rocket" Wonder, Nana Kwabena and Jidenna. In the United States, "Yoga" became Monáe's first single as a lead artist to chart on the Billboard Hot 100; the song, "We Are Young" on which she was featured, peaked at number one in 2012.

<i>Dirty Computer</i> 2018 studio album by Janelle Monáe

Dirty Computer is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Janelle Monáe, released on April 27, 2018, by Wondaland Arts Society, Bad Boy Records and Atlantic Records. It is the follow-up to her studio albums The ArchAndroid (2010) and The Electric Lady (2013) and her first album not to continue the Cindi Mayweather Metropolis narrative.

Progressive soul is a type of African-American music that uses a progressive approach, particularly in the context of the soul and funk genres. It developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s through the recordings of innovative black musicians who pushed the structural and stylistic boundaries of those genres. Among their influences were musical forms that arose from rhythm and blues music's transformation into rock, such as Motown, progressive rock, psychedelic soul, and jazz fusion.

References

  1. ↑ A, Simi (2023-05-11). "R&B, the Essential Guide: evolution, icons, Contemporary R&B / Soul". The Blues Project. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  2. ↑ "Artist Spotlight: Olive Louise pours soul, poetry into indie music". Artist Spotlight: Olive Louise pours soul, poetry into indie music - The Post. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  3. ↑ Staff, G. G. M. (2023-07-01). "Rising Indie-Soul-Pop Artist AKICITA Unveils Soul-Stirring Second Single "Liquor" from Highly Anticipated Debut EP - Guitar Girl Magazine". Guitar Girl Magazine - Magazine dedicated to encouraging, inspiring, and empowering female and female-identifying guitar and bass players. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  4. ↑ "Club Lotus is ready to blur the boundaries of sound". The FADER. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  5. ↑ "The Boom Booms bring their indie-soul music to Kelowna". Kelowna Capital News. 2019-01-23. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  6. ↑ "The Curmudgeon: Black Bohemian Music from Sly to Prince to Janelle Monáe". Paste Magazine. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  7. ↑ Bennett, Samantha (2014-07-16). "Explainer: indie music". The Conversation. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  8. ↑ Paese, Meagan. "Soul Music | The History of Rock and Roll Radio Show" . Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  9. ↑ "A History of Soul Music". www.scaruffi.com. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  10. ↑ Manrique, Diego A. (2023-03-20). "Motown's abuse of its artists". EL PAÍS English. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  11. ↑ Heron, Tamera (2023-02-05). "Black Music History: How Soul Music artists championed political change". The Blues Project. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  12. ↑ "History of Soul Music". Timeline of African American Music. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  13. ↑ "The Decline of Soul Music in the 1960s | Ben Vaughn".
  14. ↑ A, Simi (2023-05-11). "R&B, the Essential Guide: evolution, icons, Contemporary R&B / Soul". The Blues Project. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
  15. ↑ https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/indiana-university-bloomington/contemporary-jazz-soul/decline-of-soul-rise-of-funk/29831322
  16. ↑ "The Decline Of Soul Music In The 1970s | Ben Vaughn". www.benvaughn.com. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  17. ↑ Wicks, Nathaniel E. "THERE IS A MESSAGE IN THE MUSIC: AN EXAMINATION OF SOUL MUSIC AS PROTEST DISCOURSE". California State University Dominguez Hills: 26–27.
  18. ↑ Smith, Christopher. "The Last Mile of The Way: Soul Music and the Civil Rights Movement". Auctus: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship: 2–3.
  19. ↑ Troutt, David. "I Own Therefore I Am: Copyright, Personality, and Soul Music in the Digital Commons". Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal. 20 (2): 425.
  20. ↑ "Hip Hop as a Tool of Social Justice". 2017. doi:10.4135/9781506370118.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. ↑ "The South Bronx: Where Hip-Hop Was Born | WNYC | New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News". WNYC. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
  22. ↑ Neal, Mark (1997). "Sold out on soul: The corporate annexation of black popular music". Popular Music & Society. 21 (3): 133. doi:10.1080/03007769708591682.
  23. ↑ Troutt, David. "I Own Therefore I Am: Copyright, Personality, and Soul Music in the Digital Commons". Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal. 20 (2): 428.
  24. ↑ "Return to Soul: The 1990s Golden Age of R&B". 30 October 2023.
  25. ↑ Promotions, Streaming (2021-05-27). "The Continuity of Soul Music | GENRE SPOTLIGHT". Medium. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  26. ↑ Indie Soul Journeys | PBS , retrieved 2024-01-08
  27. ↑ Myles, David (2021-02-25). "Eric Roberson Interview: King of Independent Soul, Eric Roberson is still a 'Music Fan First'". Nu Origins Magazine. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  28. ↑ "The Uncle Odis Show: Receipts... How Indie Soul Music became a Multi Billion Dollar Genre of Music. on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  29. ↑ Lynskey, Dorian (2019-04-13). "Anderson .Paak: 'People are like – Damn! How are you not on crack cocaine right now?'". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  30. ↑ "The Free Nationals Feat. Anderson .Paak, Chronixx & India Shawn: Tiny Desk Concert". Vocalo Radio 91.1FM. 2020-04-22. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  31. ↑ "WABE Sounds Like ATL Spotlights Jazz & Indie Soul in September". WABE. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  32. ↑ "First Listen: Kameron Corvet strips down his Grammy winning song". SoulTracks - Soul Music Biographies, News and Reviews. 2020-10-15. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  33. ↑ Osei, Anthony. "Diddy Says He Wasn't a Control Freak with Janelle Monae". Complex. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  34. ↑ "Austin band Nané taps into indie-soul sound for NPR Tiny Desk Contest". KCRW. 2020-07-29. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  35. ↑ "Every Noise at Once - indie soul". everynoise.com. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  36. ↑ H, Amal (2022-03-20). "What is neo soul music artists?". Famuse : #1 Models, Actors, Agencies, Photographers & Talents Booking Platform. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
  37. ↑ chalkboardchampions.org https://chalkboardchampions.org/singer-conya-doss-this-queen-of-indie-soul-teaches-special-needs-children/ . Retrieved 2024-01-08.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  38. ↑ "Allen Stone: Staying True to His Indie Soul Roots". Yahoo Entertainment. 2014-09-23. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
  39. ↑ "Indie Soul Icon Teedra Moses Sits Down With Ayana Contreras". Vocalo Radio 91.1FM. 2023-03-31. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  40. ↑ "Indie Soul artists, music and albums".
  41. ↑ "Best R&B Albums of 2016 So Far". Rolling Stone . 24 June 2016.
  42. ↑ A, Simi (2023-12-16). "SAULT UNCOVERED: all we know about the mystery Indie R&B/Soul collective". The Blues Project. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  43. ↑ Streader, Kate (2019-10-14). "Looking back at Saskwatch's indie-soul legacy". Beat Magazine. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  44. ↑ "The Answer to Pop's Prim-Princess Problem? Lykke Li". 24 April 2014.
  45. ↑ Sexton, Paul (2004-04-05). "U.K. Indie Soul Label Snags U.S. R&B Acts". Billboard. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  46. ↑ Yates, Kieran (2014-04-03). "Stones Throw Records: the label that changed hip hop". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  47. ↑ "Nxworries – The Vogue" . Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  48. ↑ "Indie Soul Summer Concert Series Kicks off in Norfolk". SoulTracks - Soul Music Biographies, News and Reviews. 2007-06-20. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  49. ↑ "Springfield's Indie Soul Festival Is About Music — And What Happens Between Songs". New England Public Media. 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  50. ↑ "Questlove showcases 'Black Woodstock' soul festival in his hit Sundance documentary". Chicago Sun-Times. 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  51. ↑ "Remembering The James Brown Concert That Calmed Boston". GBH. 2018-04-05. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  52. ↑ "About Us". Play It Forward Eclectic Soul Tour. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  53. ↑ "IRL SXSW triggers post-covid creativity boom: Megan Thee Stallion VR, an indie soul Wind Down, Bandsintown Big Break, big ass Bunny in a big ass dome + a Music Tech Meetup". Hypebot. 2022-03-11. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  54. ↑ "Wild Nights: Indie Soul, Rhythm, and Blues". 18 May 2023.
  55. ↑ "Golden Gate Bandshell Concert- Indie Soul Fest". San Francisco Recreation and Parks, CA. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  56. ↑ Admin, Fusicology (2014-02-18). "INDIGOGO: Undeniable - The Story of The Independent Soul Music Movement". Events, Music, News for the Global Soul Community. Retrieved 2024-01-05.
  57. ↑ "Indie Soul Journeys | WTTW".

Further reading

Afrofuturism and Post-Soul Possibility in Black Popular Music [1]

The Meaning of Soul: Black Music and Resilience Since the 1960s. {{ [2]

Campbell, Chris (April 16, 2017). "The Progressive Underground Show 210: Modern Soul Divas Edition (feat. Goapelle)". WDET NPR Detroit.

"Progressive Side of Black Music of the 1970s" (PDF). American Music Research Center Journal. University Of Colorado 28: 5–22.

Himes, Geoffrey (October 31, 2013). " The Curmudgeon: Black Bohemian Music from Sly to Prince to Janelle Monáe". Paste.

  1. ↑ David, Marlo (2007). "Afrofuturism and Post-Soul Possibility in Black Popular Music". African American Review. 41 (4): 695–707. ISSN   1062-4783. JSTOR   25426985.
  2. ↑ Lordi, E. J. (2020). The Meaning of Soul: Black Music and Resilience Since the 1960s. United States: Duke University Press}}
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.