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Dying is the final stage of life which will eventually lead to death. Diagnosing dying is a complex process of clinical decision-making, and most practice checklists facilitating this diagnosis are based on cancer diagnoses.
Intrapersonal communication is communication with oneself or self-to-self communication. Examples are thinking to oneself "I will do better next time" after having made a mistake or imagining a conversation with one's boss in preparation for leaving work early. It is often understood as an exchange of messages in which sender and receiver are the same person. Some theorists use a wider definition that goes beyond message-based accounts and focuses on the role of meaning and making sense of things. Intrapersonal communication can happen alone or in social situations. It may be prompted internally or occur as a response to changes in the environment.
Organizational culture refers to culture related to organizations including schools, universities, not-for-profit groups, government agencies, and business entities. Alternative terms include corporate culture and company culture. The term corporate culture emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It was used by managers, sociologists, and organizational theorists in the 1980s.
Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff was a German poet, novelist, playwright, literary critic, translator, and anthologist. Eichendorff was one of the major writers and critics of Romanticism. Ever since their publication and up to the present day, some of his works have been very popular in German-speaking Europe.
Gustaf Gründgens, born Gustav Heinrich Arnold Gründgens, was one of Germany's most famous and influential actors of the 20th century, and artistic director of theatres in Berlin, Düsseldorf, and Hamburg. His career continued unimpeded through the years of the Nazi regime; the extent to which this can be considered as deliberate collaboration with the Nazis is hotly disputed.
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Friedemann Schulz von Thun is a German psychologist and expert in interpersonal communication and intrapersonal communication. Schulz von Thun worked as a professor of psychology at the University of Hamburg until his retirement on 30 Sep. 2009. Among his various publications is a three-part book series titled "Miteinander Reden" which has become a standard textbook series in Germany and is widely taught in schools, universities, and vocational skills training. Schulz von Thun developed a number of comprehensive theoretical models to help people understand the determinants and processes of inter-personal exchange and their embeddedness in the individual inner states and the outward situation. He invented the four sides model and developed the inner team model and a visualization of the value square.
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The hyperpersonal model is a model of interpersonal communication that suggests computer-mediated communication (CMC) can become hyperpersonal because it "exceeds [face-to-face] interaction", thus affording message senders a host of communicative advantages over traditional face-to-face (FtF) interaction. The hyperpersonal model demonstrates how individuals communicate uniquely, while representing themselves to others, how others interpret them, and how the interactions create a reciprocal spiral of FtF communication. Compared to ordinary FtF situations, a hyperpersonal message sender has a greater ability to strategically develop and edit self-presentation, enabling a selective and optimized presentation of one's self to others.
Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. Cohesiveness, or the desire for cohesiveness, in a group may produce a tendency among its members to agree at all costs. This causes the group to minimize conflict and reach a consensus decision without critical evaluation.
The four-sides model is a communication model postulated in 1981 by German psychologist Friedemann Schulz von Thun. According to this model every message has four facets though not the same emphasis might be put on each. The four sides of the message are fact, self-disclosure, social relationship between sender and receiver, and wish or want.
Interpersonal communication is an exchange of information between two or more people. It is also an area of research that seeks to understand how humans use verbal and nonverbal cues to accomplish several personal and relational goals. Communication includes utilizing communication skills within one's surroundings, including physical and psychological spaces. It is essential to see the visual/nonverbal and verbal cues regarding the physical spaces. In the psychological spaces, self-awareness and awareness of the emotions, cultures, and things that are not seen are also significant when communicating.
In sociology and other social sciences, internalization means an individual's acceptance of a set of norms and values through socialisation.
A conflict is a situation in which inacceptable differences in interests, expectations, values, and opinions occur in or between individuals or groups.
References
- 1 2 3 Bünzli, Fabienne; Eppler, Martin J. (2024). "Spotlight on a Thought Leader - How to Become an Effective Communicator: Schulz von Thun's Contribution to Business Communication". International Journal of Business Communication. 61 (2): 484–491. doi:10.1177/23294884231224118.
- ↑ "Das innere Team - Ego-State Therapie. Systemisches Arbeiten mit Einzelnen [PDF Document]" (in German). Retrieved 12 July 2024.
- 1 2 3 Greif, Siegfried; Möller, Heidi; Scholl, Wolfgang; Passmore, Jonathan; Müller, Felix, eds. (2022). International Handbook of Evidence-Based Coaching. Theory, Research and Practice. Cham: Springer. p. 710. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81938-5.
- 1 2 3 Peters, Björn; Göhlich, Michael (2024). "Transformative Learning Through Group Coaching". Journal of Transformative Education. 22 (2): 157–179. doi:10.1177/15413446231178897.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Schulz von Thun, Friedemann (1999). Miteinander reden / 3. Das "Innere Team" und situationsgerechte Kommunikation. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt. ISBN 3-499-60545-7. OCLC 174657348.