Intelectin-2

Last updated
ITLN2
Identifiers
Aliases ITLN2 , HL-2, HL2, intelectin 2
External IDs HomoloGene: 135852 GeneCards: ITLN2
Gene location (Human)
Ideogram human chromosome 1.svg
Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1]
Human chromosome 1 ideogram.svg
HSR 1996 II 3.5e.svg
Red rectangle 2x18.png
Band 1q23.3Start160,945,025 bp [1]
End160,954,799 bp [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

142683

n/a

Ensembl

ENSG00000158764

n/a

UniProt

Q8WWU7

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_080878

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_543154

n/a

Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 160.95 – 160.95 Mb n/a
PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Intelectin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITLN2 gene. [3]

Protein biological molecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity.

Gene basic physical and functional unit of heredity

In biology, a gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic trait. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes as well as gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye color or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that constitute life.

Human intelectin-2 has non-conserved ligand binding site substitutions compared to human intelectin-1, thus these two intelectins may not have the same metal ion requirements and ligand specificity. Likewise, there are also ligand binding site residue variations between human and mouse intelectin-2 with no known biochemical and functional consequences. [4]

Intelectin

Intelectins are lectins expressed in humans and other chordates. Humans express two types of intelectins encoded by ITLN1 and ITLN2 genes respectively. Several intelectins bind microbe-specific carbohydrate residues. Therefore, intelectins have been proposed to function as immune lectins. Even though intelectins contain fibrinogen-like domain found in the ficolins family of immune lectins, there is significant structural divergence. Thus, intelectins may not function through the same lectin-complement pathway. Most intelectins are still poorly characterized and they may have diverse biological roles. Human intelectin-1 (hIntL-1) has also been shown to bind lactoferrin, but the functional consequence has yet to be elucidated. Additionally, hIntL-1 is a major component of asthmatic mucus and may be involved in insulin physiology as well.

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000158764 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
  3. ↑ "Entrez Gene: Intelectin 2" . Retrieved 2016-02-25.
  4. ↑ Wangkanont K, Wesener DA, Vidani JA, Kiessling LL, Forest KT (March 2016). "Structures of Xenopus Embryonic Epidermal Lectin Reveal a Conserved Mechanism of Microbial Glycan Recognition". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 291 (11): 5596–610. doi:10.1074/jbc.M115.709212. PMC   4786701  Lock-green.svg. PMID   26755729.
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