A citation index is a kind of bibliographic index, an index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents. A form of citation index is first found in 12th-century Hebrew religious literature. Legal citation indexes are found in the 18th century and were made popular by citators such as Shepard's Citations (1873). In 1961, Eugene Garfield's Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) introduced the first citation index for papers published in academic journals, first the Science Citation Index (SCI), and later the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (AHCI). American Chemical Society converted its printed Chemical Abstract Service into internet-accessible SciFinder in 2008. The first automated citation indexing was done by CiteSeer in 1997 and was patented. Other sources for such data include Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Elsevier's Scopus, and the National Institutes of Health's iCite.
Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-level subject fields: life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health sciences. It covers three types of sources: book series, journals, and trade journals. All journals covered in the Scopus database are reviewed for sufficiently high quality each year according to four types of numerical quality measure for each title; those are h-Index, CiteScore, SJR and SNIP. Searches in Scopus also incorporate searches of patent database Lexis-Nexis, albeit with a limited functionality.
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. Released in beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, and other scholarly literature, including court opinions and patents.
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, colloquially known as JOC, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal for original contributions of fundamental research in all branches of theory and practice in organic and bioorganic chemistry. It is published by the publishing arm of the American Chemical Society, with 24 issues per year. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal had a 2017 impact factor of 4.805 and it is the journal that received the most cites in the field of organic chemistry. According to Web of Knowledge, eleven papers from the journal have received more than 1,000 citations, with the most cited paper having received 7,967 citations. The current editor-in-chief is Scott J. Miller from Yale University.
Hadassah Medical Center is an Israeli medical organization established in 1934 that operates two university hospitals in Jerusalem – one in Ein Karem and one in Mount Scopus –, as well as schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and pharmacology affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Its declared mission is to extend a "hand to all, without regard for race, religion or ethnic origin."
The American Journal of Public Health is a monthly peer-reviewed public health journal published by the American Public Health Association that covers health policy and public health. The journal was established in 1911 and its stated mission is "to advance public health research, policy, practice, and education." The journal occasionally publishes themed supplements. The editor-in-chief is Alfredo Morabia.
The ORCID is a nonproprietary alphanumeric code to uniquely identify authors and contributors of scholarly communication as well as ORCID's website and services to look up authors and their bibliographic output.
Retrovirology is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering basic research on retroviruses. The journal was established in 2004 and is published by BioMed Central. The editors-in-chief are Johnson Mak and Susan Ross ; earlier, Kuan-Teh Jeang was editor-in-chief.
Nature Communications is a peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio since 2010. It is a multidisciplinary journal and it covers the natural sciences, including physics, chemistry, earth sciences, medicine, and biology. The journal has editorial offices in London, Berlin, New York City, and Shanghai.
Frontiers Media SA is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journals currently active in science, technology, and medicine. It was founded in 2007 by Kamila and Henry Markram. Frontiers is based in Lausanne, Switzerland, with other offices in London, Madrid, Seattle and Brussels. In 2022, Frontiers employed more than 1,400 people, across 14 countries. All Frontiers journals are published under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
The Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas is a triannual peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by the National Autonomous University of Mexico, Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, Instituto Nacional de Geoquímica, and Sociedad Mexicana de Paleontología. It covers the field of geology and related Earth sciences, primarily on issues that are relevant to Latin America and Mexico. It was established in 1976 and the editors-in-chief are Angel F. Nieto Samaniego and Peter Schaaf.
The Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed open access medical journal sponsored by Rambam Health Care Campus covering medical research, in the spirit of Maimonides. The journal was established in July 2010 and the editor-in-chief is Shraga Blazer.
Medical Care is a peer-reviewed public health journal that covers the field of health care. The editors-in-chief are Catarina Kiefe and Jeroan J. Allison. It was established in 1963 and is published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. It is the official journal of the Medical Care Section of the American Public Health Association.
Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering alternative medical treatments. It publishes case reports, original research papers, and systematic reviews. It was established in 1995 by founding editor Larry Dossey and is published bimonthly by InnoVision Health Media. The current editor-in-chief is Andrew W. Campbell.
Women's Health Issues is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering women's health care and policy. It is the official journal of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health and published on their behalf by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Chloe E. Bird.
Public Health Reports is a peer-reviewed public health journal established in 1878 and published by SAGE Publishing for the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health and the United States Public Health Service. The title and publication frequency of the journal has varied over the years, but it is currently published bimonthly. The editor-in-chief is Hazel D. Dean. Articles are published under a delayed open access, where they become fully open access one year after publication. Some special articles are published as open access including regularly published commentaries by the US Surgeon General and other top United States Department of Health and Human Services officials.
The Journal of Women's Health is a monthly peer-reviewed healthcare journal focusing on women's health care, including advancements in diagnostic procedures, therapeutic protocols for the management of diseases, and research in gender-based biology that impacts patient care and treatment. The journal was established in 1992 and is published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. The editor-in-chief is Susan G. Kornstein. It is the official journal of the Academy of Women's Health and the American Medical Women's Association.
BMJ Health & Care Informatics is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering health informatics. It was established in 1992 and is published by the BMJ. The editor-in-chief is Yu-Chuan Jack Li. The journal was established in 1992 as Informatics in Primary Care, and was renamed to Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics in 2015, obtaining its current name in 2019.
The American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of drug therapy and pharmacy practice specific to hospitals. It was established in 1943 and is published by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. The editor-in-chief is Daniel J. Cobaugh.
Marine and Petroleum Geology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering marine and petroleum geology. It was established in 1984 and is published by Elsevier. The editor-in-chief is Massimo Zecchin and (Max) Qinhong Hu.
