This article needs additional citations for verification . (May 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
The Iranian presidential election debates, 2013 was held from 31 May to 7 June. For the 2013 election, the IRIB has approved three televised debates with all candidates, different from last election's format which was person-by-person. [1] For each question, one candidate was chosen randomly to give his response. Then, other candidates shared their ideas. The eight candidates was explained their cultural and political plans during debates. The debates was focused on such issues as economy, foreign policy, and Iran’s comprehensive talks with the P5+1 group (United Kingdom, China, France, Russia and the United States, plus Germany) over the country’s nuclear energy program. [2] More than 45,000,000 people world-wide watched the debates according to IRIB.
The United Kingdom (UK), officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and sometimes referred to as Britain, is a sovereign country located off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state, the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017.
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion. Covering approximately 9,600,000 square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
France, officially the French Republic, is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country's 18 integral regions span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a total population of 67.3 million. France, a sovereign state, is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.
Date | May 31, 2013 |
---|---|
Location | Jam Jam Valiasr Street Tehran |
Participants | Mohammad Reza Aref Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf Mohammad Gharazi Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel Saeed Jalili Mohsen Rezaee Hassan Rouhani Ali Akbar Velayati |
The first televised debate was held on May 31 at 4 PM UTC+4:30 in the Channel 1. All eight candidates were invited. The host of the first debates was Morteza Heidari. The first lottery was selected by a lottery based on a question which was answered within 3 minutes. Within 90 seconds of talk, then 7 others criticize him or his views were expressed. The selected person within 2 minutes to answer incoming criticism and the view was perfect. [3]
Morteza Heidari is an Iranian TV presenter. His surname is also spelled Heydari.
Mohammad Gharazi is an Iranian politician who served as minister of petroleum from 1981 to 1985 and minister of post from 1985 to 1997. He was also a member of the Iranian Parliament from 1980 to 1984 and also governor of Khuzestan Province. He was an independent candidate in the 2013 presidential election.
Mohammad Reza Aref is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who is currently parliamentary leader of reformists' Hope fraction in the Iranian Parliament, representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr. Aref has also been heading the Reformists' Supreme Council for Policymaking since its establishment in 2015.
Mohsen Rezaee Mirgha'ed is an Iranian conservative politician affiliated with the Resistance Front of Islamic Iran and senior military officer in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps who currently holds office as the secretary of the Expediency Discernment Council.
At the end of the round, each candidate paid within 90 seconds to sum up his views.
Economics, Inflation, Subsidies, Purchasing power Housing, Land reform, Unemployment, Economic sanctions |
Date | June 6, 2013 |
---|---|
Location | Jam Jam Valiasr Street Tehran |
Participants | Mohammad Reza Aref Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf Mohammad Gharazi Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel Saeed Jalili Mohsen Rezaee Hassan Rouhani Ali Akbar Velayati |
The second televised debate took place on June 5 on Channel 1. Morteza Heidari also hosted the second debate.
The second and third sections (test questions and pictures slide) was removed for the second and third debates and time of answering was changed up to seven minutes. Designing of the program was also changed. [4] Save the time he also was added to the system, regardless of where each candidate could have the opportunity to criticize others and save time for other questions.
Gholam Ali Haddad-Adel is an Iranian philosopher, politician and former chairman of the Parliament. He was the first non-cleric in the post since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. He was one of the candidates in the 2013 presidential election but withdrew on 10 June, four days before the election. He is part of "neo-principalist" group in the Iranian political scene.
Saeed Jalili is an Iranian conservative politician and diplomat who was secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 2007 to 2013. He was also Iran's nuclear negotiator. He was previously deputy foreign minister for European and American Affairs. Jalili was an unsuccessful candidate in the June 2013 presidential election, placing third.
Hassan Rouhani is an Iranian politician serving as the current and seventh President of Iran since 3 August 2013. He was also a lawyer, academic, former diplomat and Islamic cleric. He has been a member of Iran's Assembly of Experts since 1999, member of the Expediency Council since 1991, and a member of the Supreme National Security Council since 1989. Rouhani was deputy speaker of the fourth and fifth terms of the Parliament of Iran (Majlis) and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005. In the latter capacity, he was the country's top negotiator with the EU three, UK, France, and Germany, on nuclear technology in Iran, and has also served as a Shi'ite ijtihadi cleric, and economic trade negotiator. He has expressed official support for upholding the rights of ethnic and religious minorities. In 2013, he appointed former industries minister Eshaq Jahangiri as his first vice-president.
After Rouhani named Mohammad-Reza Shajarian as the cultural ambassador of the Iranian people, it was given the vast in the social medias. Gharazi was also more focused by the medias. Jalili's instrumental pieces Zarfiyat was also joked and his cultural views was heavily criticized. [5]
Cultural affairs, Healthcare system, Social media, Women's Rights Human Rights, Security, Censorship, Education, Infrastructure |
Date | June 8, 2013 |
---|---|
Location | Jam Jam Valiasr Street Tehran |
Participants | Mohammad Reza Aref Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf Mohammad Gharazi Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel Saeed Jalili Mohsen Rezaee Hassan Rouhani Ali Akbar Velayati |
The third and last televised debate toke place on June 5 in the Channel 1. The host of debate remains unchanged. This debate passionately than the other two debates had. The conflict between Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Hassan Rouhani about July 1999 student protest was one of the main subjects of the debate. They also discuss about Syrian civil war and Arab spring. Independent Mohammad Gharazi also criticized conservatives and reformists mutuality with each other. [6]
Ali Akbar Salehi, Iran's Foreign minister said that Iran's policies about Nuclear program will not changed despite anyone will be elected as the president, According to the candidates' ideologies about it. [7]
Domestic policies, Foreign relations, Democracy, Islamism, Secularism Nuclear program, Relations with Parliament, NGOs and Political parties, Freedom of speech |
The following polls are held right after each debate in order to define the debate winner.
Poll source | Date updated | Total votes | Jalili | Haddad | Rezaei | Rouhani | Aref | Gharazi | Ghalibaf | Velayati |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isna [8] [9] | 31 May 2013 | 13,986 | 6.2% | 0.4% | 10.8% | 15.2% | 3.1% | 11.1% | 2.8% | |
Entekhab [8] [10] | 1 June 2013 | 40,269 | 4.44% | 0.5% | 9.36% | 26.19% | 3.68% | 11.62% | 3.28% | |
Asriran [8] [11] | 1 June 2013 | 76,062 | 3.9% | 0.5% | 12.29% | 29.39% | 2.92% | 14.88% | 3.68% |
Poll source | Date updated | Total votes | Jalili | Haddad | Rezaei | Rouhani | Aref | Gharazi | Ghalibaf | Velayati |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entekhab [12] [13] | 7 June 2013 | 39,206 | 5.6% | 0.9% | 9.33% | 19.69% | 3.04% | 6.15% | 2.23% | |
Parsineh [12] [14] | 7 June 2013 | 17,917 | 11.08% | 2% | 12.27% | 16.19% | 3.72% | 12.49% | 4.34% | |
Asriran [12] [15] | 7 June 2013 | 73,572 | 3.77% | 1.13% | 12.8% | 15.7% | 2.87% | 6.25% | 2.03% | |
Fararu [12] [16] | 7 June 2013 | 35,535 | 5.09% | 1.21% | 9.71% | 24.31% | 3.64% | 9.04% | 2.17% |
Poll source | Date updated | Total votes | Jalili | Haddad | Rezaei | Rouhani | Aref | Gharazi | Ghalibaf | Velayati |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entekhab [17] [18] | 9 June 2013 | 67,973 | 5.97% | 1.01% | 6.45% | 17.35% | 2.19% | 3.97% | 5.78% | |
Khabaronline [17] [19] | 9 June 2013 | 41,000 | 6% | 1% | 8% | 21% | %3 | 5% | 12% | |
Asriran [17] [20] | 9 June 2013 | 101,220 | 4.27% | 1.23% | 9.86% | 15.41% | 3.29% | 4.31% | 6.28% | |
Fararu [17] [21] | 9 June 2013 | 50,666 | 5.06% | 1.1% | 5.95% | 19.38% | 2.96% | 5.58% | 7% |
Related Research Articles![]() Principlists Pervasive Coalition was one of two main principlist coalitions for the Iranian legislative election, 2008, alongside the United Front of Principlists. Candidates endorsed by the coalition were close to Ali Larijani, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Mohsen Rezaee. Nasser Pourpirar, was a famous Iranian writer and historical revisionist. He was known for his controversial theories questioning the academically recognized historiography of Iran from Achaemenids to the beginning of the Safavid period. ![]() Presidential elections were held in Iran on 14 June 2013. Hassan Rouhani won with a landslide victory, elected in the first round of voting with 50.71% of the vote. Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf finished second with 16.56% of the vote. Over 36.7 million Iranians voted, 72.71% of eligible voters. Bijan Abdolkarimi is an Iranian philosopher, thinker, translator and editor. He is associate professor of philosophy at Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch. His main interests are ontology, political philosophy and the critique of religious and intellectual traditions. He claims to challenge the dominant ideological discourse in Iran. He has participated in debates at Iranian universities and also in IRIB TV4 in which he has opposed the notion of Islamic humanities. He is also a scholar of Heidegger's thought and philosophy. ![]() Secretary of the Expediency Discernment Council and former Chief Commander of the Sepah Mohsen Rezaee launched his campaign in June 2010 for the 2013 Iranian presidential election after losing in the previous election. Rezaee made the announcement that he would run for President on 16 October 2012. He was the candidate of the Moderation and Development Party, a conservative party. He was also supported by Green Party of Iran. He lost the election, receiving 3,884,412 votes and ranking fourth behind winner Hassan Rouhani, runner-up Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Saeed Jalili. This is a summary of the electoral history of Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, an Iranian Principlist politician who is Mayor of Tehran since 2005. ![]() Sayyid Ebrahim Raisol-Sadati, commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi, is an Iranian politician, Muslim cleric and the current Chief Justice of Iran, being appointed on 7 March 2019. He served in several positions in Iran's Judicial system, such as Attorney General from 2014 to 2016, and Deputy Chief Justice from 2004 to 2014. He was also Prosecutor and Deputy Prosecutor of Tehran in the 1980s and 1990s. He was custodian and chairman of Astan Quds Razavi, a wealthy and powerful foundation or bonyad from 2016 until 2019. He is also a member of Assembly of Experts from South Khorasan Province, being elected for the first time in 2006 election. He is the son-in-law of Mashhad Friday prayer leader and Grand Imam of Imam Reza shrine, Ahmad Alamolhoda. ![]() Elaheh Rastgou is an Iranian conservative-minded reformist politician who is currently an outgoing member of City Council of Tehran. She was formerly a Member of Parliament. ![]() Progress and Justice Population of Islamic Iran is an Iranian Principlist political party closely associated with Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf. Established in 2008, Morteza Talaie was formerly the general-secretary and many members hold senior positions in Tehran municipality. ![]() Hossein Mozaffar is an Iranian conservative politician who was Minister of Education under President Mohammad Khatami and represented Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr in the Parliament of Iran twice. ![]() Hassan Rouhani, the incumbent President of Iran, launched his reelection campaign for the Presidential office in February 2017. The election itself and related events received international media attention with many issues being raised. Rouhani achieved a decisive victory after the May 2017 vote, with Interior Minister Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli announcing that out of 41.3 million total votes cast Rouhani got 23.6 million. Ebrahim Raisi, Rouhani's closest rival, had picked up 15.8 million votes in contrast. Ebrahim Raisi, chairman of Astan Quds Razavi launched his election campaign for 2017 presidential election in April 2017. ![]() Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Mayor of Tehran launched his third presidential campaign for the Iranian presidency on April 15, 2017. On 15 May 2017, Ghalibaf withdrew and endorsed Ebrahim Raisi. There were three live televised debates in total. First debate focused on social issues while the next two revolved around economic and political matters. The candidates had drawn lots to determine their seating arrangement for the debate. Every effort seems to have been made not to leave any room for accusations of partiality. ![]() iGap is a free open-source instant messaging application for smart phones and personal computers. iGap provides all users to interact with each other and exchange information through text, image, video, audio and other types of messages. This Iranian messenger has also featured P2P-based voice calls for the first time in the country and contribute users over the internet. References
External links
|