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 Iran |  Uzbekistan |
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Uzbekistan and Iran share deep cultural and historical ties. Both countries are members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO). [1]
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Iran | Uzbekistan |
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Uzbekistan and Iran share deep cultural and historical ties. Both countries are members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO). [1]
Iran is an Islamic theocracy, while Uzbekistan is a Secular presidential defective democracy. [2] The two nations have been apprehensive on their difference of politics, but still have been active in improving their relations. [3] They also have ancient cultural ties with each other, with Uzbekistan being a part of Ancient Persia, Sogdiana, and Bactria. It is considered a part of Greater Iran.
Iran and Uzbekistan have signed bilateral agreements to cooperate in various fields including, agriculture, transport, oil and gas production, construction, pharmaceuticals, and banking. [4] The two nations have also worked on overland links and other joint ventures.
Uzbekistan exports many commodities to Iran including cotton, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, fertilizers, and chemical fibers. Iran exports construction materials, detergents, foods, tea, and fruits to Uzbekistan. The Iranian-Uzbekistan trade turnover exceeded $600 million in 2008. [4]
In 2018, Uzbekistan's ambassador to Iran stated that they intend to increase their trade volume with Iran, by expanding bilateral ties and enhancing cooperation with Iran, according to Mehr News. [5]
In February 2025, the $400 transit fee for each entry of the two side cargo vehicles was mutually canceled. [6] [7]
The Republic of Estonia gained its independence from the Russian Empire on 24 February 1918 and established diplomatic relations with many countries via membership of the League of Nations. The forcible incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union in 1940 was not generally recognised by the international community and the Estonian diplomatic service continued to operate in some countries. Following the restoration of independence from the Soviet Union, Russia was one of the first nations to re-recognize Estonia's independence. Estonia's immediate priority after regaining its independence was the withdrawal of Russian forces from Estonian territory. In August 1994, this was completed. However, relations with Moscow have remained strained primarily because Russia decided not to ratify the border treaty it had signed with Estonia in 1999.
Foreign relations of Tajikistan are based on a desire to secure foreign investment and promote regional security while ensuring Tajikistan's independence. Sirodjidin Aslov is the current Foreign’s Minister of Tajikistan.
Uzbekistan joined the Commonwealth of Independent States in December 1991. However, it is opposed to reintegration and withdrew from the CIS collective security arrangement in 1999. Since that time, Uzbekistan has participated in the CIS peacekeeping force in Tajikistan and in United Nations-organized groups to help solve the Tajik and Afghan conflicts, both of which it sees as posing threats to its own stability. Uzbekistan is an active supporter of U.S. efforts against worldwide terrorism and joined the coalitions which have dealt with both Afghanistan and Iraq. It is a member of the United Nations, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Partnership for Peace, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). It belongs to the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the Economic Cooperation Organization, which comprises 7 Central Asian countries: Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. It is a founding member of and remains involved in the Central Asian Union, formed with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, joined in March 1998 by Tajikistan.
The Economic Cooperation Organization or ECO is a Eurasian political and economic intergovernmental organization that was founded in 1985 in Tehran by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey. It provides a platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade and investment opportunities. The ECO is an ad hoc organisation under the United Nations Charter. The objective is to establish a single market for goods and services, much like the European Union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the ECO expanded to include Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan in 1992.
The Arab League or League of Arab States was founded by Egypt in 1945 and has 22|23* members, alongside seven candidates and observers: Armenia, Brazil, Chad, Eritrea, Greece, Malta; Mauritius and Venezuela.
Kyrgyzstan – United States relations are bilateral relations between Kyrgyzstan and the United States.
Pakistan–Turkey relations are the bilateral relations between Pakistan and Turkey. Pakistan has an embassy in Ankara, a Consulate-General in Istanbul and an honorary consulate in İzmir whereas, Turkey has an embassy in Islamabad, a Consulate-General in Karachi and Lahore and honorary consulates in Peshawar, Sialkot and Faisalabad. As of 2016, in a joint communique, Pakistan and Turkey plan to strengthen their close ties into a strategic partnership.
Croatia and Iran established diplomatic relations on April 18, 1992 when Iran became the 7th country in the world and the first among Asian and Muslim-majority countries to recognize the newly independent Croatia. Croatia has an embassy in Tehran while Iran has an embassy and a cultural center in Zagreb. Relations among two countries are described as good and friendly.
The bilateral relationship between the Guatemala and the Russia dates back to 1945, when Russia was part of the Soviet Union. Relations with the modern Russian Federation were established in 1991.
Bulgaria–Uzbekistan relations are foreign relations between Bulgaria and Uzbekistan. Both countries established diplomatic relations on September 12, 1992. Bulgaria has an embassy in Tashkent. Uzbekistan is represented in Bulgaria through a non resident ambassador based in Tashkent Both countries are full members of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
Egypt–Japan relations are foreign relations between Egypt and Japan. Such relations are described by the Egyptian ambassador to Japan as a "very strong friendship", with embassies mutually established. At present, the two nations maintain a cordial relationship with strong economic and trade relations. Since the formal diplomatic relations were established, both countries have kept embassies in each other's capitals, demonstrating a dedication to continued communication and cooperation. Bilateral connections have been strengthened via a history of friendly exchanges and frequent visits between the two countries at different governmental levels. Their interactions are mostly shaped by their economic and trade ties, which include major Japanese investment in Egypt and a thriving exchange of goods and services. This economic involvement is backed by a variety of agreements that ease trade, protect investments, and promote mutual growth. Currently, Egypt and Japan have a friendly and cooperative relationship based on common interests and a commitment to regional stability and prosperity. This connection has grown to include considerable cultural exchanges and educational collaborations, strengthening the two countries' already strong ties.
Brazil and the European Union established diplomatic relations in 1960. The European Union and Brazil have close historical, cultural, economic and political ties. At the 1st EU-Brazil summit, in 2007, Brazil entered in a strategic partnership with the European Union, strengthening their ties. This new relationship places Brazil high on the EU's political map.
India–Kyrgyzstan relations or the Indo–Kyrgyz relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of India and the Kyrgyz Republic. Since the independence of Kyrgyzstan on 31 August 1991, India was among the first to establish diplomatic relations in 1992; the resident Mission of India was set up in 1994.
Iran–Kazakh relations are the foreign relations and diplomatic ties between Iran and Kazakhstan.
Iran and South Korea have had diplomatic relations since 1962. Throughout history, the two countries have maintained a normal relationship despite South Korea's close relationship with the United States, and Iran's close relationship with North Korea. However, many South Koreans disapprove of Iran's nuclear program and its open alliance with North Korea, sometimes leading the South Korean government to sanction Iran.
Brazil–Philippines relations are the bilateral relations between Brazil and the Philippines. Brazil has an embassy in Manila and the Philippines maintain an embassy in Brasília. Both nations were conquered by the Iberian powers, namely by Spain and Portugal, in the 16th century.
The Republic of Singapore and the Republic of South Africa are independent countries which have achieved independence from Great Britain and currently maintain friendly bilateral relations. The connections between the two countries are based primarily on their membership in the Commonwealth of Nations, and their interactions in international trade and tourism. Both countries also cooperate in social and economic development issues.
Iran–Spain relations are the bilateral and diplomatic relations between these two countries. Iran has an embassy in Madrid, Spain has an embassy in Tehran.
South Korea-Uzbekistan relations are the international relations between South Korea and Uzbekistan.
Germany–Uzbekistan relations are the diplomatic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Bilateral relations began when the Federal Republic of Germany recognized the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 31, 1991.
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