Related Research Articles
Iah is a lunar deity in ancient Egyptian religion. The word jꜥḥ simply means "Moon". It is also transcribed as Yah, Jah, or Aah.
Marduk-apla-iddina II was a Chaldean leader from the Bit-Yakin tribe, originally established in the territory that once made the Sealand in southern Babylonia. He seized the Babylonian throne in 722 BC from Assyrian control and reigned from 722 BC to 710 BC, and from 703 BC to 702 BC. His reign is defined by some historians as an illegitimate Third Dynasty of the Sealand, inside of the IXth Dynasty of Babylon, or Assyrian Dynasty.
Zababa was the tutelary deity of the city of Kish in ancient Mesopotamia. He was a war god. While he was regarded as similar to Ninurta and Nergal, he was never fully conflated with them. His worship is attested from between the Early Dynastic to Achaemenid periods, with the Old Babylonian kings being particularly devoted to him. Starting with the Old Babylonian period, he was regarded as married to the goddess Bau.
Nebuchadnezzar I or Nebuchadrezzar I, reigned c. 1121–1100 BC, was the fourth king of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon. He ruled for 22 years according to the Babylonian King List C, and was the most prominent monarch of this dynasty. He is best known for his victory over Elam and the recovery of the cultic idol of Marduk.
Ninurta-apal-Ekur, inscribed mdMAŠ-A-é-kur, meaning “Ninurta is the heir of the Ekur,” was a king of Assyria in the early 12th century BC who usurped the throne and styled himself king of the universe and priest of the gods Enlil and Ninurta. His reign overlaps the reigns of his Babylonian contemporaries Adad-šuma-uṣur and Meli-Šipak.
Enlil-kudurrī-uṣur, mdEnlil(be)-ku-dúr-uṣur,, was the 81st king of Assyria according to the Assyrian King List.
Kabta, inscribed dkab-ta, dka-ab-ta, dTA-gu-nû, or later dTAxMI, was a rather obscure Mesopotamian deity who appears in texts and seals of the second and first millennium BC. He is frequently paired with Ninsi’anna, the “Red Lady of the Heavens” or Venus star, who immediately follows him on the Weidner god-list.
Battle of Arrapha took place in 616 BC between Assyrian forces against the Babylonians and Medes . Babylonian king Nabopolassar with the help of other rebellion forces succeeded by driving the Assyrians back to the Little Zab, near Arrapha in doing so capturing many Assyrian armoury, horses, and chariots. The next year, Cyaxares, king of the Medes and Nabopolassar, King of Babylon went to battle the Assyrians and attempted to conquer Arrapha, but ultimately failed to do so.
Nabû-apla-iddina, inscribed mdNábû-ápla-iddinana or mdNábû-apla-íddina; reigned about 886–853 BC, was the sixth king of the dynasty of E of Babylon and he reigned for at least thirty-two years. During much of Nabû-apla-iddina's reign Babylon faced a significant rival in Assyria under the rule of Ashurnasirpal II. Nabû-apla-iddina was able to avoid both outright war and significant loss of territory. There was some low level conflict, including a case where he sent a party of troops led by his brother to aid rebels in Suhu. Later in his reign Nabu-apla-iddina agreed to a treaty with Ashurnasirpal II’s successor Shalmaneser III. Internally Nabu-apla-iddina worked on the reconstruction of temples and something of a literary revival took place during his reign with many older works being recopied.
The Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie (RlA), formerly Reallexikon der Assyriologie, is a multi-language encyclopedia on the Ancient Near East. It was founded by Bruno Meissner in 1922, reformed in 1966 by editor Ruth Opificius and publisher Wolfram von Soden. From 1972 to 2004 edited by Dietz-Otto Edzard, since 2005 by Michael P. Streck.
Nabû-nādin-zēri, inscribed m[dNa]bû-nādìn-zēri in the King List A, the only place his full name is given, and Na-di-nu or Na-din in the Chronicle on the Reigns from Nabû-Nasir to Šamaš-šuma-ukin known as Chronicle 1, was the king of Babylon, son and successor of Nabû-Nasir. The Ptolemaic Canon gives his name as Νάδιος or Νάβιος, similar to the Chronicle version of his name.
Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur, inscribed DUMU-É-A-PAB on contemporary inscriptions on Lorestān bronze arrowheads or dA-É-AxA-ŠEŠ in the Dynastic Chronicle, means “O Marbīti, protect the heir.” Marbīti was a deity associated with Dēr with a sanctuary in Borsippa. Mārbītiaplauṣur reigned from c. 980 to 975 BC and was the sole king of Babylon’s short-lived seventh or Elamite Dynasty. He was a contemporary of Assyrian king Aššur-reš-iši II.
Kaššu-nādin-aḫi or -aḫḫē, mBI(=kaš)-šú-u-MU-ŠEŠ, “(the) Kassite (god) gives (a) brother(s),” was the 3rd and final king of the 2nd Sealand Dynasty of Babylon, c. 1003–1001 BC. His brief three-year reign was marked by distressed times. There was a famine so severe that it caused the suspension of the regular food and drink offerings at the Ebabbar, or white house, temple of Šamaš in Sippar.
Niqmi-Epuh, also given as Niqmepa was the king of Yamhad (Halab) succeeding his father Yarim-Lim II
Yarim-Lim III was the king of Yamhad (Halab) succeeding Hammurabi II.
Hammurabi III was the king of Yamhad (Halab) succeeding Yarim-Lim III.
The Yamhad dynasty was an ancient Amorite royal family founded in c. 1810 BC by Sumu-Epuh of Yamhad who had his capital in the city of Aleppo. Started as a local dynasty, the family expanded its influence through the actions of its energetic ruler Yarim-Lim I who turned it into the most influential family in the Levant through both diplomatic and military tools. At its height the dynasty controlled most of northern Syria and the modern Turkish province of Hatay with a cadet branch ruling in the city of Alalakh.
Yangi was according to the Assyrian King List (AKL) the third Assyrian monarch, ruling in Assyria's early period, though he is not attested in any known contemporary artefacts. He is listed among the “seventeen kings who lived in tents” within the Mesopotamian Chronicles. Yangi is in the lists preceded by Adamu, and succeeded by Suhlamu.
Anubanini, also Anobanini, was a king of the pre-Iranian tribal kingdom of Lullubi in the Zagros Mountains circa 2300 BCE, or relatively later during the Isin-Larsa period of Mesopotamia, circa 2000-1900 BCE. He is known especially from the Anubanini rock relief, located in Kermanshah Province, Iran.
Mira, in the Late Bronze Age, was one of the semi-autonomous vassal state kingdoms that emerged in western Anatolia following the defeat and partition of the larger kingdom of Arzawa by the victorious Suppiluliuma I of the Hittite Empire. A significantly smaller Arzawa continued, centered on Apasa (Ephesus), with Mira to the east.
References
Citations
- ↑ Douglas Frayne. Old Babylonian Period (2003-1595 BC). p. 794.
- ↑ Erich Ebeling; Bruno Meissner; Ernst Weidner; Dietz Otto Edzard. Reallexikon D Assyriologie. p. 164.
- ↑ Erich Ebeling; Bruno Meissner; Ernst Weidner; Dietz Otto Edzard. Reallexikon D Assyriologie. p. 164.
- ↑ Akadémiai Kiadó. Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. p. 7+27.
- ↑ Donald John Wiseman. The Alalakh tablets. p. 43.
- ↑ George E. Mendenhall; Herbert Bardwell Huffmon; Frank A. Spina; Alberto Ravinell Whitney Green. The Quest for the Kingdom of God: Studies in Honor of George E. Mendenhall. p. 200.
- 1 2 wilfred van soldt. Akkadica, Volumes 111-120. p. 105.