Jaap Schekkerman

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Jaap Schekkerman (born 1953) is a Dutch computer scientist and founder of the Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (IFEAD) in the Netherlands. He is particularly known for his 2003 book How to Survive in the Jungle of Enterprise Architecture in which he compared 14 Enterprise Architecture Frameworks. [1]

Contents

Biography

Schekkerman received a degree in clinical chemistry from the Bakhuis Roozeboom Instituut in Beverwijk in 1973, and his Engineer's degree in electronic engineering from the HTS Amsterdam in 1979. Further on he received a certificates in information technology from AMBI in 1984, and a certificates in business economics from the Open University in the Netherlands in 1988. [2]

Schekkerman started working as assistant scientist at the Free University Amsterdam in 1973. The next year he started working at the Red Cross Hospital in Beverwijk, where he became chief information officer and participated in the development of medical information technology. From 1985 to 1989 he managed the IT Research & Development department of the insurance company Centraal Beheer, and in 1989 became IT consultant at the Dutch Software developer RAET. From 1995 till 2005 he was business and Information Technology consultant for Capgemini, from 2005 till 2008 Business Technology Strategy & Enterprise Architecture consultant for Verdonck, Klooster & Associates in the Netherlands, and from 2008 till 2012 management consultant for Logica, and lecturer at the Delft TopTech Program of the Technical University Delft. From 2012 till 2016 Jaap Schekkerman was Global Director Cyber Protection & Resilience at CGI, a Canadian IT & Security Firm responsible for Worldwide Cyber Protection & Resilience in Industrial Control Systems. His main focus was helping Global Industrial, Pharmaceutical & Energy Companies in defining their Cyber & Physical Protectection & Resilience Architecture as a foundation for further implementations.

In 1982 Schekkerman received the American Ames Award for his article about future medical information technology development. In 2001 he founded the Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (IFEAD) in the Netherlands.

In 2012 Schekkerman became Global Director Cyber Security at CGI (Canada) where he was responsible for Cyber Security of Industrial Control Systems at companies worldwide.

In 2013 Schekkerman is awarded with the International Global Excellence iCMG Hall of Fame Award for his 20 years contribution to the Enterprise and Security Architecture Profession at the Architecture World Summit 2013, India.

In 2015 Schekkerman was one the leading founders of the Cyber Research Center - Industrial Control Systems, a cyber research center focused on Cyber Protection & Resilience of Industrial Control Systems. Cyber Protection & Resilience are the Only Drivers for Successful Architecture Today

In 2018 Schekkerman stopped his activities at the Cyber Research Center - Industrial Control Systems for personal reasons.

Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework Essentials Guide : Version 1.5 Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments </ref> [3] and the Extended Enterprise Architecture Maturity Model. [4]

Work

Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments

In 2001 Schekkerman founded the Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (IFEAD). [3] for research in and knowledge exchange about the emerging field of Enterprise Architecture. [5]

The institute works together with a series of institutes in the field [6] and facilitated a series of publications in the field of Enterprise Architecture. [7]

How to Survive in the Jungle of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks

In his 2003 book "How to Survive in the Jungle of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks" Schekkerman defined enterprise architecture as:

Enterprise Architecture is a complete expression of the enterprise; a master plan which "acts as a collaboration force" between aspects of business planning such as goals, visions, strategies and governance principles; aspects of business operations such as business terms, organization structures, processes and data; aspects of automation such as information systems and databases; and the enabling technological infrastructure of the business, such as computers, operating systems and networks. [8]

Schekkerman had witnessed a growing importance of Enterprise Architecture. He explained:

Recent Surveys of CEO’s, CIO’s and other executives provide some evidence of the growing importance of Enterprise Architecture over the last few years. In one of the most recent studies of the Institute For Enterprise Architecture Developments (IFEAD), Enterprise Architecture was ranked near the top of the list of most important issues considered by CEO’s and CIO’s.

Apparently, this suggests the significance of the overarching framework within which the various aspects of decision-making and development are considered: including Business Architecture, Information Architecture, Information-Systems Architecture (Data Architecture), Technology Infrastructure Architecture and things like Software Architecture.

The various decisions related to business development and technology innovations need to be considered in a systemic manner within the framework of various architectures. Choices of methods and techniques have to be made in the context of the goals and objectives... [9]

Enterprise Architecture Frameworks

Overview of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks evolution (1987-2003), based on Schekkerman (2004). Evolution of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks.jpg
Overview of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks evolution (1987–2003), based on Schekkerman (2004).

The "How to Survive in the Jungle of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks" started with a general introduction of the principles of enterprise architecture and the EA practice in the US and in Europe. Subsequently, this book compares 14 of the most popular Enterprise Architecture Frameworks of that time.

Starting with the Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework (E2AF) it describes Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP), The Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF), the Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF), The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), the Zachman Framework, the Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF), the Joint Technical Architecture (JTA), the C4ISR and DoDAF, the Department of Defense Technical Reference Model (DoD TRM), and finished with the reference architecture TAFIM, CIMOSA, PERA en the SAGA - Standards and Architectures for e-Government Applications.

Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework

Early 2000s Schekkerman developed the Extended Enterprise Architecture (E2A) and Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework (E2AF). The Extended Enterprise Architecture (E2A) is designed to address three different elements in a comprehensive way: [11]

According to Schekkerman (2007) in enterprise architecture "style is reflecting the culture, values, norms and principles of an organization. Most of the time, the term enterprise architecture is dealing with construction and function, without any attention of the style aspect, while the style aspect reflects the cultural behavior, values, norms and principles of that organization in such a way that it reflects the corporate values of that organization." [11]

The Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework (E2AF), first published in 2003, is based on the IEEE 1471 Standard for describing the architecture of a software-intensive system regarding views and viewpoints, [12] and other elements from FEAF and TOGAF. [13] It uses a 2-D matrix structure, similar to the Zachman Framework, and defines four types of scopes: business, information, system, and infrastructure. However, overall in comparison to the Zachman Framework the E2AF is more technology-oriented. [14] [15]

Publications

Schekkerman published more than 100+ articles and several books on Enterprise Architecture and related subjects. Schekkerman also contributed as author to several other Books and Publications. A selection:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zachman Framework</span> Structure for enterprise architecture

The Zachman Framework is an enterprise ontology and is a fundamental structure for enterprise architecture which provides a formal and structured way of viewing and defining an enterprise. The ontology is a two dimensional classification schema that reflects the intersection between two historical classifications. The first are primitive interrogatives: What, How, When, Who, Where, and Why. The second is derived from the philosophical concept of reification, the transformation of an abstract idea into an instantiation. The Zachman Framework reification transformations are: identification, definition, representation, specification, configuration and instantiation.

Enterprise architecture (EA) is a business function concerned with the structures and behaviors of a business, especially business roles and processes that create and use business data. The international definition according to the Federation of Enterprise Architecture Professional Organizations is "a well-defined practice for conducting enterprise analysis, design, planning, and implementation, using a comprehensive approach at all times, for the successful development and execution of strategy. Enterprise architecture applies architecture principles and practices to guide organizations through the business, information, process, and technology changes necessary to execute their strategies. These practices utilize the various aspects of an enterprise to identify, motivate, and achieve these changes."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Open Group Architecture Framework</span> Reference model for enterprise architecture

The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is the most used framework for enterprise architecture as of 2020 that provides an approach for designing, planning, implementing, and governing an enterprise information technology architecture. TOGAF is a high-level approach to design. It is typically modeled at four levels: Business, Application, Data, and Technology. It relies heavily on modularization, standardization, and already existing, proven technologies and products.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">System Architect</span> Enterprise architecture tool

Unicom System Architect is an enterprise architecture tool that is used by the business and technology departments of corporations and government agencies to model their business operations and the systems, applications, and databases that support them. System Architect is used to build architectures using various frameworks including TOGAF, ArchiMate, DoDAF, MODAF, NAF and standard method notations such as sysML, UML, BPMN, and relational data modeling. System Architect is developed by UNICOM Systems, a division of UNICOM Global, a United States-based company.

Data architecture consist of models, policies, rules, and standards that govern which data is collected and how it is stored, arranged, integrated, and put to use in data systems and in organizations. Data is usually one of several architecture domains that form the pillars of an enterprise architecture or solution architecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enterprise architecture framework</span> Frame in which the architecture of a company is defined

An enterprise architecture framework defines how to create and use an enterprise architecture. An architecture framework provides principles and practices for creating and using the architecture description of a system. It structures architects' thinking by dividing the architecture description into domains, layers, or views, and offers models - typically matrices and diagrams - for documenting each view. This allows for making systemic design decisions on all the components of the system and making long-term decisions around new design requirements, sustainability, and support.

Enterprise information security architecture is the practice of designing, constructing and maintaining information security strategies and policies in enterprise organisations. A subset of enterprise architecture, information security frameworks are often given their own dedicated resources in larger organisations and are therefore significantly more complex and robust than in small and medium sized enterprises.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Zachman</span> American computer scientist

John A. Zachman is an American business and IT consultant, early pioneer of enterprise architecture, chief executive officer of Zachman International, and originator of the Zachman Framework.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Business architecture</span>

In the business sector, business architecture is a discipline that "represents holistic, multidimensional business views of: capabilities, end‐to‐end value delivery, information, and organizational structure; and the relationships among these business views and strategies, products, policies, initiatives, and stakeholders."

Business–IT alignment is a process in which a business organization uses information technology (IT) to achieve business objectives, such as improved financial performance or marketplace competitiveness. Some definitions focus more on outcomes that means ; for example,

Alignment is the capacity to demonstrate a positive relationship between information technologies and the accepted financial measures of performance.

Avolution is a global provider of Enterprise Architecture, Enterprise Modeling and Process Modeling software with offices based in Sydney, Singapore, London, Dubai, Washington Metropolitan Area and New Brunswick. Avolution was spun-out from the University of Technology, Sydney in 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">View model</span>

A view model or viewpoints framework in systems engineering, software engineering, and enterprise engineering is a framework which defines a coherent set of views to be used in the construction of a system architecture, software architecture, or enterprise architecture. A view is a representation of the whole system from the perspective of a related set of concerns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Business reference model</span>

Business reference model (BRM) is a reference model, concentrating on the functional and organizational aspects of the core business of an enterprise, service organization or government agency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework</span>

Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF) was an enterprise architecture framework for treasury, based on the Zachman Framework. It was developed by the US Department of the Treasury and published in July 2000. May 2012 this framework has been subsumed by evolving Federal Enterprise Architecture Policy as documented in "The Common Approach to Federal Enterprise Architecture".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TAFIM</span>

Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management (TAFIM) was a 1990s reference model for enterprise architecture by and for the United States Department of Defense (DoD).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NIST Enterprise Architecture Model</span> Reference model of enterprise architecture

NIST Enterprise Architecture Model is a late-1980s reference model for enterprise architecture. It defines an enterprise architecture by the interrelationship between an enterprise's business, information, and technology environments.

The Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF) is an enterprise architecture framework that covers business, information, information system and technology infrastructure. This framework has been developed by Capgemini since the 1990s, from the experience of practicing architects on projects for clients across the group. The first version was released in 1996 and was based on the Zachman Framework and Spewak's ideas about Enterprise Architecture Planning. Since Version 1.0 released in 1996 IAF has been developed by Capgemini's internal global architecture community drawing from the experience of practising architects. Now in its 6th edition, IAF provides alignment considering all relevant artefacts.

Steven Howard Spewak was an American management consultant, author, and lecturer on enterprise architectures, known for the development of Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BiZZdesign Enterprise Studio</span>

BiZZdesign Enterprise Studio, formerly BiZZdesign Architect, is a visual modeling and design tool for Enterprise Architecture, that supports the application of ArchiMate and TOGAF, as well other enterprise architecture frameworks.

The history of business architecture has its origins in the 1980s. In the next decades business architecture has developed into a discipline of "cross-organizational design of the business as a whole" closely related to enterprise architecture. The concept of business architecture has been proposed as a blueprint of the enterprise, as a business strategy, and also as the representation of a business design.

References

  1. ↑ Guus De Mari (2009) Five Years of It Management Improvement. p. 67
  2. ↑ Jaap Schekkerman biography at enterprise-architecture.info. Accessed 7 July 2013
  3. 1 2 Dirk Matthes (2011) Enterprise Architecture Frameworks Kompendium. p. 100
  4. ↑ Gary Doucet (2011) Coherency Management: Coherency Management: Architecting the Enterprise for Alignment, Agility and Assurance. p. 222
  5. ↑ Jaap Schekkerman (2004) How to Survive in the Jungle of Enterprise Architecture. p. 221
  6. ↑ IFEAD: Partner Program, Alliances & Affiliates. Accessed June 11, 2013.
  7. ↑ IFEAD; Jaap Schekkerman Enterprise Architecture Publications. Accessed June 11, 2013.
  8. ↑ Jaap Schekkerman (2004, p. 13) as cited in: Peter Rittgen (2007) Enterprise Modeling and Computing with UML. p. 73
  9. ↑ Schekkerman (2004, p. 19)
  10. ↑ Stephen Marley (2003). Architectural Framework. NASA /SCI. Retrieved 10 Dec 2008.
  11. 1 2 Jaap Schekkerman (2001-07) "Extended Enterprise Architecture Framework" at enterprise-architecture.info. Accessed 11 June 2013.
  12. ↑ Daniel Minoli (2008) Enterprise Architecture A to Z, p. 59
  13. ↑ Inge Hanschke (2010) Strategic IT Management: A Toolkit for Enterprise Architecture. p.62
  14. ↑ Coral Calero, Maria Ángeles Moraga, Mario Piattini (2008) Handbook of Research on Web Information Systems Quality
  15. ↑ Aileen Cater-Steel (2009) Information Technology Governance and Service Management
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