College tuition in the United States is the cost of higher education collected by educational institutions in the United States,and paid by individuals. It does not include the tuition covered through general taxes or from other government funds,or that which is paid from university endowment funds or gifts. Tuition for college has increased as the value,quality,and quantity of education have increased. Many feel that increases in cost have not been accompanied by increases in quality,and that administrative costs are excessive. The value of a college education has become a topic of national debate in the U.S.
The Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) was legislation signed into United States law on November 8,1965,as part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society domestic agenda. Johnson chose Texas State University,his alma mater,as the signing site. The law was intended "to strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education". It increased federal money given to universities,created scholarships,gave low-interest loans for students,and established a National Teachers Corps. The "financial assistance for students" is covered in Title IV of the HEA.
The Under Secretary of Education role was established as the second-highest-ranking position in the United States Department of Education when the agency was established in 1979. With the addition of a Deputy Secretary position in 1991,the Under Secretary became the third highest. The Under Secretary of Education is appointed by the President of the United States,with the approval of the United States Senate,to serve at the President's pleasure.
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions,and more recently with online program managers,but commercialization has been a part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.
Robert M. (Bob) Shireman is an American higher education policy expert and nonprofit leader currently working as the director of higher education excellence at The Century Foundation. Shireman served as the first deputy undersecretary of education in the Obama Administration in 2009–10. He had previously worked in the U.S. Senate,the Clinton Administration,and at nonprofit organizations,including one he founded,The Institute for College Access and Success (TICAS).
Robert Farrell Bonnie is the current Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation,having been confirmed by the Senate on November 16,2021,by a vote of 76-19. He previously served as Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy and Senior Advisor,Climate,in the Office of the Secretary in the United States Department of Agriculture. He was appointed on Jan. 20,2021.
David Weil is an American academic and economist who was the nominee to serve as administrator of the Wage and Hour Division at the United States Department of Labor in the Biden administration. He previously served in this role during the Obama administration from 2014 to 2017.
Victoria Marie Baecher Wassmer is an American government official who serves as the Chief Financial Officer and an assistant secretary of transportation for budget and programs within the Department of Transportation. She previously served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Finance and Budget within the department as well as in various roles at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
