James Livingston, 5th Earl of Linlithgow, 4th Earl of Callendar (died 25 April 1723) was a Scottish nobleman who was convicted of high treason and forced to forfeit his estates and all his titles to the Crown.
James Livingston, 5th Earl of Linlithgow, 4th Earl of Callendar (died 25 April 1723) was a Scottish nobleman who was convicted of high treason and forced to forfeit his estates and all his titles to the Crown.
Livingston was the only son and heir of Alexander Livingston, 3rd Earl of Callendar and his wife, Lady Anne Graham. He had two younger sisters, including Lady Mary Livingston, who married James Graham of Airth, Judge of the Court of Admiralty in Scotland. [1]
His mother was the eldest daughter of James Graham, 2nd Marquess of Montrose and Lady Isabella Douglas (fifth daughter of William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton). His father was the second son of George Livingston, 3rd Earl of Linlithgow and Lady Elizabeth Lyon (daughter of Patrick Maule, 1st Earl of Panmure and widow of John Lyon, 2nd Earl of Kinghorne). His paternal aunt, Lady Henrietta Livingston, was married to Robert Makgill, 2nd Viscount of Oxfuird.
In December 1692, he succeeded his father as 4th Earl of Callendar, Lord Livingston and Almond (who had inherited the title from James' great-uncle, Alexander Livingston), [1] and on 7 August 1695, following the death of his cousin George, he succeeded as the 5th Earl of Linlithgow. His cousin, who died without issue, had been married to Hon. Henrietta Sutherland (daughter of Alexander Sutherland, 1st Lord Duffus). [2]
In 1712, he was Captain of the Company of Foot in Blackness Castle and from 13 January 1713 to 8 October 1713, he was a Scottish representative peer. [2]
A fervent Jacobite, he joined the 1715 rising and commanded a Squadron of Horse in the Jacobite defeat during the Battle of Sheriffmuir in November 1715. Despite his surrender to John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, he was attained of high treason on 17 February 1715. Following his conviction, his estates and all his titles were forfeited to the Crown and sold. Linlithgow Palace was given to James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Hamilton, [3] and in 1745 was occupied by "Colonel James Gardiner with his dragoons." [4]
Livingston escaped to the Continent 1716 and joined the titular James III in exile in Papal territory at Urbino. [2]
At some point after May 1707, Linlithgow was married to Lady Margaret Hay (d. 1723), the second daughter of John Hay, 12th Earl of Erroll and Lady Anne Drummond (only daughter of James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth). Lady Margaret was the younger sister of sister of Mary Hay, 14th Countess of Erroll. [5] Together, they were the parents of two children: [2]
Linlithgow died on 25 April 1723 at Rome, Italy. [2] As Lady Margaret's sister died childless, the Hay family dignities went to their grandson, James, Lord Boyd, son of the 4th Earl of Kilmarnock.
Earl of Erroll is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1453 for Sir William Hay. The subsidiary titles held by the Earl of Erroll are Lord Hay and Lord Slains (1452), both in the Peerage of Scotland. The Earls of Erroll also hold the hereditary office of Lord High Constable of Scotland. The office was once associated with great power. The Earls of Erroll hold the hereditary title of Chief of Clan Hay.
Earl of Linlithgow was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1600 for Alexander Livingston, 7th Lord Livingston, along with the subsidiary title of Lord Livingston and Callendar. In 1695, the Earldom of Linlithgow merged with the junior Earldom of Callendar, which had been created in 1641 for a younger son of the 1st Earl.
Earl of Callendar was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1641 for James Livingston, 1st Lord Livingston of Almond, a younger son of Alexander Livingston, 1st Earl of Linlithgow, along with the subsidiary title Lord Livingston and Almond. The 4th Earl later inherited the more senior Earldom of Linlithgow from his uncle, with which title the Earldom of Callendar was merged until its forfeiture by attainder in 1716. The seat of the Earls of Callendar was Callendar House in Falkirk.
James Hay, 15th Earl of Erroll styled Lord Boyd from 1728 to 1746, was a Scottish nobleman and the son of William Boyd, 4th Earl of Kilmarnock. After his father was attainted in 1746, he became Mr James Boyd, but in 1758 he inherited the Earldom of Erroll from a great-aunt.
Callendar House is a mansion set within the grounds of Callendar Park in Falkirk, central Scotland. During the 19th century, it was redesigned and extended in the style of a French Renaissance château fused with elements of Scottish baronial architecture. However, the core of the building is a 14th-century tower house.
William George Hay, 18th Earl of Erroll, KT, GCH, PC, styled Lord Hay between 1815 and 1819, was a Scottish peer and politician.
Alexander Livingston, 5th Lord Livingston of Callendar PC was the guardian of Mary, Queen of Scots, during her childhood.
Mary Hay, 14th Countess of Erroll was a Scottish noblewoman and suo jure Countess of Erroll. As 18th Hereditary Lord High Constable and Knight Marischal of Scotland, she was the Senior Great Officer among the Royal Officers of Scotland and Chief of the King's Household in Scotland. She inherited these titles in 1717 on the death of her unmarried brother, Charles Hay, 13th Earl of Erroll.
John Hay, 1st Marquess of Tweeddale was a Scottish peer and politician who served as Lord Chancellor of Scotland.
William Hay, 17th Earl of Erroll, known as Lord Hay until 1778, was a Scottish peer.
James Livingston, 1st Earl of Callendar, was a Scottish army officer who fought on the Royalist side in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
George Livingston PC was a military officer and third Earl of Linlithgow.
Alexander Livingston, 1st Earl of Linlithgow PC was a Scottish nobleman, courtier, and politician. His wife was Helenor Hay, Countess of Linlithgow who was a Royal tutor.
Helenor Hay, Countess of Linlithgow was a Scottish courtier and writer.
Robert Ker, 3rd Earl of Roxburghe PC was a Scottish nobleman.
John Bellenden, 2nd Lord Bellenden was a Scottish nobleman.
William Livingston, 4th Lord Livingston of Callendar was a Scottish nobleman.
Alexander Livingston, 2nd Earl of Linlithgow PC was a Scottish nobleman.
Alexander Livingston, 3rd Earl of Callendar was a Scottish nobleman.
Colonel George Hay, 16th Earl of Erroll was a Scottish peer and soldier.