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Supersymmetry is a theoretical framework in physics that suggests the existence of a symmetry between particles with integer spin (bosons) and particles with half-integer spin (fermions). It proposes that for every known particle, there exists a partner particle with different spin properties. There have been multiple experiments on supersymmetry that have failed to provide evidence that it exists in nature. If evidence is found, supersymmetry could help explain certain phenomena, such as the nature of dark matter and the hierarchy problem in particle physics.
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In theoretical physics, S-duality is an equivalence of two physical theories, which may be either quantum field theories or string theories. S-duality is useful for doing calculations in theoretical physics because it relates a theory in which calculations are difficult to a theory in which they are easier.
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Freddy Alexander Cachazo is a Venezuelan-born theoretical physicist who holds the Gluskin Sheff Freeman Dyson Chair in Theoretical Physics at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Higher-spin theory or higher-spin gravity is a common name for field theories that contain massless fields of spin greater than two. Usually, the spectrum of such theories contains the graviton as a massless spin-two field, which explains the second name. Massless fields are gauge fields and the theories should be (almost) completely fixed by these higher-spin symmetries. Higher-spin theories are supposed to be consistent quantum theories and, for this reason, to give examples of quantum gravity. Most of the interest in the topic is due to the AdS/CFT correspondence where there is a number of conjectures relating higher-spin theories to weakly coupled conformal field theories. It is important to note that only certain parts of these theories are known at present and not many examples have been worked out in detail except some specific toy models.
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References
- ↑ Drummond, J. M.; Henn, J. M.; Plefka, J. (May 2009). "Yangian symmetry of scattering amplitudes in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2010 (1): 046. arXiv: 0902.2987 . doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/05/046. S2CID 15627964.
- ↑ Henn, J. M.; Plefka, J. C. (2014). Scattering Amplitudes in Gauge Theories. Lecture Notes in Physics. Vol. 883. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54022-6. ISBN 978-3-642-54022-6.
