Jay Shendure

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Jay Shendure
Born Solon   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Alma mater
Occupation
Works
Awards
Website krishna.gs.washington.edu
Academic career
Fields Genetics   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Institutions
Thesis Multiplex genome sequencing and analysis  (2005)
Doctoral advisor George Church
Academic advisor Lee M. Silver

Jay Shendure is an American scientist and human geneticist at the University of Washington. He is a professor in the Department of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine [1] and an Affiliate Investigator in the Human Biology Division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. [2] Shendure's research is focused on developing and applying new technologies in genomics. In 2005, his doctoral research with George M. Church resulted one of the first successful proof-of-concepts of next-generation DNA sequencing. [3] [4] [5] Shendure's research group at the University of Washington pioneered exome sequencing and its application to Mendelian disorders, [5] [6] a strategy that has been applied to identify hundreds of disease-causing genes. [7] Other notable accomplishments of Shendure's laboratory include the first whole genome sequencing of a human fetus using samples obtained non-invasively from the parents, [8] [9] and the sequencing of the HeLa genome in agreement with Henrietta Lacks' family. [10] [11] [12]

Shendure graduated summa cum laude from Princeton University in 1996 and completed a Fulbright scholarship at Pune, India, in 1997. He then entered the Medical Scientist Training Program at Harvard Medical School and received his Ph.D. in 2005 and his M.D. in 2007. He joined the faculty at the Department of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington in 2007 and was tenured as an associate professor four years later in 2011. [5]

Shendure is a 2006 recipient of the TR35 Young Innovator Award from MIT Technology Review , [13] the Curt Stern Award from the American Society of Human Genetics in 2012, [14] the FederaPrijs from the Federation of Dutch Medical Scientific Societies in 2013, [15] a National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award in 2013, [16] and a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Award. He is also the founding Scientific Director of the Brotman-Baty Institute established in 2017 through a gift from Jeffrey H. and Susan Brotman, and Daniel R. and Pamela L. Baty.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human genome</span> Complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans

The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as the DNA within each of the 24 distinct chromosomes in the cell nucleus. A small DNA molecule is found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA sequences and various types of DNA that does not encode proteins. The latter is a diverse category that includes DNA coding for non-translated RNA, such as that for ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, ribozymes, small nuclear RNAs, and several types of regulatory RNAs. It also includes promoters and their associated gene-regulatory elements, DNA playing structural and replicatory roles, such as scaffolding regions, telomeres, centromeres, and origins of replication, plus large numbers of transposable elements, inserted viral DNA, non-functional pseudogenes and simple, highly repetitive sequences. Introns make up a large percentage of non-coding DNA. Some of this non-coding DNA is non-functional junk DNA, such as pseudogenes, but there is no firm consensus on the total amount of junk DNA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Genomics</span> Discipline in genetics

Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of individual genes and their roles in inheritance, genomics aims at the collective characterization and quantification of all of an organism's genes, their interrelations and influence on the organism. Genes may direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules. In turn, proteins make up body structures such as organs and tissues as well as control chemical reactions and carry signals between cells. Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes through uses of high throughput DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to assemble and analyze the function and structure of entire genomes. Advances in genomics have triggered a revolution in discovery-based research and systems biology to facilitate understanding of even the most complex biological systems such as the brain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leroy Hood</span> American biologist (born 1938)

Leroy "Lee" Edward Hood is an American biologist who has served on the faculties at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the University of Washington. Hood has developed ground-breaking scientific instruments which made possible major advances in the biological sciences and the medical sciences. These include the first gas phase protein sequencer (1982), for determining the sequence of amino acids in a given protein; a DNA synthesizer (1983), to synthesize short sections of DNA; a peptide synthesizer (1984), to combine amino acids into longer peptides and short proteins; the first automated DNA sequencer (1986), to identify the order of nucleotides in DNA; ink-jet oligonucleotide technology for synthesizing DNA and nanostring technology for analyzing single molecules of DNA and RNA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Church (geneticist)</span> American geneticist

George McDonald Church is an American geneticist, molecular engineer, chemist, serial entrepreneur, and pioneer in personal genomics and synthetic biology. He is the Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, Professor of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a founding member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University.

The Richard Lounsbery Award is given to American and French scientists, 45 years or younger, in recognition of "extraordinary scientific achievement in biology and medicine."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Haussler</span> American bioinformatician

David Haussler is an American bioinformatician known for his work leading the team that assembled the first human genome sequence in the race to complete the Human Genome Project and subsequently for comparative genome analysis that deepens understanding the molecular function and evolution of the genome.

Personal genomics or consumer genetics is the branch of genomics concerned with the sequencing, analysis and interpretation of the genome of an individual. The genotyping stage employs different techniques, including single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis chips, or partial or full genome sequencing. Once the genotypes are known, the individual's variations can be compared with the published literature to determine likelihood of trait expression, ancestry inference and disease risk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whole genome sequencing</span> Determining nearly the entirety of the DNA sequence of an organisms genome at a single time

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is the process of determining the entirety, or nearly the entirety, of the DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. This entails sequencing all of an organism's chromosomal DNA as well as DNA contained in the mitochondria and, for plants, in the chloroplast.

The exome is composed of all of the exons within the genome, the sequences which, when transcribed, remain within the mature RNA after introns are removed by RNA splicing. This includes untranslated regions of messenger RNA (mRNA), and coding regions. Exome sequencing has proven to be an efficient method of determining the genetic basis of more than two dozen Mendelian or single gene disorders.

The ASHG Scientific Achievement Award was established in 2001 and is presented annually by the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) for outstanding scientific achievements in human genetics that have occurred in the last 10 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miller syndrome</span> Medical condition

Miller syndrome, also known as Genée–Wiedemann syndrome, Wildervanck–Smith syndrome or postaxial acrofacial dysostosis, is an extremely rare genetic condition that manifests as craniofacial, limb and eye deformities. It is caused by a mutation in the DHODH gene. The incidence of the condition is not known, and nothing is known about its pathogenesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exome sequencing</span> Sequencing of all the exons of a genome

Exome sequencing, also known as whole exome sequencing (WES), is a genomic technique for sequencing all of the protein-coding regions of genes in a genome. It consists of two steps: the first step is to select only the subset of DNA that encodes proteins. These regions are known as exons—humans have about 180,000 exons, constituting about 1% of the human genome, or approximately 30 million base pairs. The second step is to sequence the exonic DNA using any high-throughput DNA sequencing technology.

Brandon Ross Colby is an American medical geneticist in Beverly Hills, California and physician specializing in predictive medicine and genetic testing. He is author of Outsmart Your Genes, a book about genetics published in 2011, and he is the founder and CEO of direct-to-consumer genetic testing service Sequencing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Altshuler (physician)</span> American geneticist

David Matthew Altshuler is a clinical endocrinologist and human geneticist. He is Executive Vice President, Global Research and Chief Scientific Officer at Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Prior to joining Vertex in 2014, he was at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, and was a Professor of Genetics and Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and in the Department of Biology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was also a faculty member in the Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Human Genetic Research, and the Diabetes Unit, all at Massachusetts General Hospital. He was one of four Founding Core Members of the Broad Institute, and served as the Institute's Deputy Director, Chief Academic Officer, and Director of the Program in Medical and Population Genetics.

John Moran is an American geneticist and former Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, currently on the faculty at the University of Michigan Medical School, where he is a professor of Human Genetics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gonçalo Abecasis</span> Portuguese researcher

Gonçalo Rocha Abecasis is a Portuguese American biomedical researcher at the University of Michigan, serves as Vice President & Chief Genomics and Data Science Officer at the Regeneron Genetics Center, and was chair of the Department of Biostatistics in the School of Public Health. He leads a group at the Center for Statistical Genetics in the Department of Biostatistics, where he is also the Felix E. Moore Collegiate Professor of Biostatistics and director of the Michigan Genomic Initiative. His group develops statistical tools to analyze the genetics of human disease.

B K Thelma commonly known as Bittianda Kuttapa Thelma is a professor in the Department of Genetics at the University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India. She is the Principal investigator and Co-ordinator of the Centre of excellence on Genomes Sciences and Predictive Medicine funded by the Govt. of India. She is also the Co-ordinator of a major project on newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism in Delhi state which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of mandatory screening of newborns in the country and to generate epidemiological data for the testable IEMs in the genetically distinct Indian population, for the first time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deborah Nickerson</span> American human genomics researcher (1954–2021)

Deborah Ann "Debbie" Nickerson was an American human genomics researcher. She was professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington. Nickerson founded and directed of one of the five clinical sites of the Gregor Consortium and was a major contributor to many genomics projects, including the Human Genome Project and the International HapMap Project.

Personalized genomics is the human genetics-derived study of analyzing and interpreting individualized genetic information by genome sequencing to identify genetic variations compared to the library of known sequences. International genetics communities have spared no effort from the past and have gradually cooperated to prosecute research projects to determine DNA sequences of the human genome using DNA sequencing techniques. The methods that are the most commonly used are whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing. Both approaches are used to identify genetic variations. Genome sequencing became more cost-effective over time, and made it applicable in the medical field, allowing scientists to understand which genes are attributed to specific diseases.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</span> Award

The 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the Swedish geneticist Svante Pääbo "for his research in the field of genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution". It was announced by Thomas Perlmann, secretary of the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, on 3 October 2022.

References

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  2. "Jay Shendure, MD, PhD". Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center . Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  3. Nicholas Wade. "2 New Methods to Sequence DNA Promise Vastly Lower Costs". The New York Times . Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  4. "Milestone 18 : Nature Milestones in DNA". Nature. 2007-10-15. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  5. 1 2 3 Eichler, E. E. (2013). "2012 Introduction to the Curt Stern Award: Jay Shendure". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 92 (3): 338–339. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.11.019. PMC   3591784 . PMID   23472755.
  6. Elie Dolgin (2009-11-13). "Selective sequencing solves a genetic mystery : Nature News". Nature. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  7. Jocelyn Kaiser (2010-11-12). "Affordable 'Exomes' Fill Gaps in a Catalog of Rare Diseases". Science. 330 (6006): 903. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6006.903 . PMID   21071642 . Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  8. Andrew Pollack. "DNA Blueprint for Fetus Built Using Tests of Parents". The New York Times . Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  9. Lopatto, Elizabeth (2012-06-06). "Blood-Saliva Analysis May Replace Invasive Prenatal Test". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  10. "After Decades of Research Henrietta Lack's Family is Asked for Consent". The New York Times . Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  11. "Deal done over HeLa cell line : Nature News & Comment". Nature. 2013-08-07. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  12. Hudson, Kathy L.; Collins, Francis S. (2013). "Biospecimen policy: Family matters". Nature. 500 (7461): 141–142. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..141H. doi:10.1038/500141a. PMC   5101952 . PMID   23925224.
  13. "Innovator Under 35: Jay Shendure, 31 – MIT Technology Review". MIT Technology Review . Retrieved 2014-02-04.[ permanent dead link ]
  14. "American Society of Human Genetics Honors Dr. Jay Shendure with Curt Stern Award for 2012" (PDF). American Society of Human Genetics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-09. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  15. "Prijswinnaar Federa 2013 | Stichting Federatie van Medisch Wetenschappelijke Verenigingen". Federa.org. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
  16. "NIH Director's Pioneer Award Program – 2013 PioneerAward Recipients". NIH Common Fund. 2013-12-04. Retrieved 2014-02-04.