Jeroen Dewulf (1972 in Nieuwpoort, Belgium) is a Belgian scholar specializing in Dutch culture, the Dutch language, German Studies, slavery and African-American culture, Caribbean Studies, and Latin American Studies. He is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. [1]
Dewulf was born in 1972 in Belgium. He was educated at Ghent University, University of Porto and the University of Bern. Since 2007, he teaches in the German department at the University of California, Berkeley. Since 2014, he is the director of Institute of European Studies at University of California, Berkeley.
Dewulf works mainly on slavery and African-American culture in Dutch Brazil, New Netherland and New York City, most notably the legacy of Pinkster and Sojourner Truth in his book The Pinkster King and the King of Kongo: The Forgotten History of America’s Dutch-Owned Slaves (2017), and in Louisiana, most notably the origins of the Mardi Gras Indians in his book From the Kingdom of Kongo to Congo Square: Kongo Dances and the Origins of the Mardi Gras Indians (2017). His research on the Caribbean led to new theories on the origins of the Calinda [2] and Junkanoo. [3] In 2021, he also presented a new theory on the origins of a festive tradition in Brazil, known as cucumbi. [4]
Dewulf also studies Dutch colonial and postcolonial literature from the Dutch East Indies and the Caribbean, including authors such as Tjalie Robinson, Albert Helman (Lou Lichtveld) and Tip Marugg. Together with Olf Praamstra and Michiel van Kempen, he edited the book Shifting the Compass (2013); with Luc Renders, he published an anthology of Flemish literature on the Congo (2020). He is also a specialist in the works of the Swiss author Hugo Loetscher and is the testamentary executor of his archival papers at the Swiss National Library. In Hugo Loetscher und die Portugiesischsprachige Welt (1999), he studied Loetscher’s work about Portugal, Brazil and the relics of the former commercial empire of the Portuguese in Asia and Oceania. In 2005, he published In alle Richtungen gehen. Reden und Aufsätze über Hugo Loetscher in cooperation with Rosmarie Zeller and in 2016, he edited a book with travel reports from Loetscher about Brazil entitled Das Entdecken erfinden. In Brasilien hit Brüchen (2007), he also focused on other Swiss writers in Brazil, including Johann Jakob von Tschudi, Louis Agassiz, Blaise Cendrars, and Richard Katz.
In 2004, he published Gramática da língua neerlandesa, the first grammar book of the Dutch language written in Portuguese. [5] In 2010, he wrote Spirit of Resistance, a book on clandestine literature by the Dutch resistance in the Second World War, using the Dutch clandestine book collection at the Bancroft Library. In 2014, he became the director of Institute of European Studies at University of California, Berkeley. [6]
In 2014, he was distinguished with the Hendricks Award of the New Netherland Institute for his research on New Netherland and the first slave community on Manhattan. In 2015, he was distinguished with the Louisiana History President's Memorial Award and both in 2015 and 1016, he received the Clague and Carol Van Slyke Prize. His book on the Mardi Gras Indians won the 2018 Independent Publisher Book Awards Southeast Non-Fiction Gold Medal.
Books
Carnival is a Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide. Carnival typically involves public celebrations, including events such as parades, public street parties and other entertainments, combining some elements of a circus. Elaborate costumes and masks allow people to set aside their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity. Participants often indulge in excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods that will be forgone during upcoming Lent. Traditionally, butter, milk, and other animal products were not consumed "excessively", rather, their stock was fully consumed during Shrovetide as to reduce waste. This festival is known for being a time of great indulgence before Lent, with drinking, overeating, and various other activities of indulgence being performed. For example, pancakes, donuts, and other desserts are prepared and eaten for a final time. During Lent, lacticinia and animal products are eaten less, and individuals make a Lenten sacrifice, thus giving up a certain object or activity of desire.
New Netherland was a 17th-century colonial province of the Dutch Republic located on the east coast of what is now the United States of America. The claimed territories extended from the Delmarva Peninsula to Cape Cod. Settlements were established in what became the states of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Connecticut, with small outposts in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island.
Junkanoo is a festival that was originated during the period of African chattel slavery in British American colonies. It is practiced most notably in Jamaica, The Bahamas and Belize, and historically in North Carolina and Miami, where there are significant settlements of West Indian people during the post-emancipation era. In the present day, there are considerable variations in performance and spelling, but there are the shared elements of masquerade, drumming, dance, and parading.
Mardi Gras Indians are African American carnival revelers in New Orleans, Louisiana, who dress up for Mardi Gras in suits influenced by Native American ceremonial apparel.
Kongo or Kikongo is one of the Bantu languages spoken by the Kongo people living in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, Gabon and Angola. It is a tonal language. It was spoken by many of those who were taken from the region and sold as slaves in the Americas. For this reason, while Kongo still is spoken in the above-mentioned countries, creolized forms of the language are found in ritual speech of Afro-American religions, especially in Brazil, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is also one of the sources of the Gullah language and the Palenquero creole in Colombia. The vast majority of present-day speakers live in Africa. There are roughly seven million native speakers of Kongo, with perhaps two million more who use it as a second language.
Portuguese creoles are creole languages which have Portuguese as their substantial lexifier. The most widely-spoken creoles influenced by Portuguese are Cape Verdean Creole, Guinea-Bissau Creole and Papiamento.
The Kongo people are a Bantu ethnic group primarily defined as the speakers of Kikongo. Subgroups include the Beembe, Bwende, Vili, Sundi, Yombe, Dondo, Lari, and others.
Pinkster is a spring festival, taking place in late May or early June. The name is a variation of the Dutch word Pinksteren, meaning "Pentecost". Pinkster in English refers to the festivals held by the Black Dutch of New York and New Jersey, particularly in the early 19th century. To the Dutch, Pinkster was a religious holiday, a chance to rest, gather and celebrate religious services like baptisms and confirmations. It also had a long tradition as a day of dance and merriment. For slaves, Pinkster was a time free from work and a chance to gather and catch up with family and friends.
Donald Harrison Jr. is an African-American jazz saxophonist and the Big Chief of The Congo Square Nation Afro-New Orleans Cultural Group from New Orleans, Louisiana.
Adriaen Cornelissen van der Donck was a lawyer and landowner in New Netherland after whose honorific Jonkheer the city of Yonkers, New York, is named. Although he was not, as sometimes claimed, the first lawyer in the Dutch colony, Van der Donck was a leader in the political life of New Amsterdam, and an activist for Dutch-style republican government in the Dutch West India Company-run trading post.
The Kingdom of Kongo was a kingdom in Central Africa. It was located in present-day northern Angola, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Southern of Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. At its greatest extent it reached from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Kwango River in the east, and from the Congo River in the north to the Kwanza River in the south. The kingdom consisted of several core provinces ruled by the Manikongo, the Portuguese version of the Kongo title Mwene Kongo, meaning "lord or ruler of the Kongo kingdom", but its sphere of influence extended to neighboring kingdoms, such as Ngoyo, Kakongo, Loango, Ndongo, and Matamba, the latter two located in what is Angola today.
Ned Sublette is an American composer, musician, record producer, musicologist, historian, and author. Sublette studied Spanish Classical Guitar with Hector Garcia at the University of New Mexico and with Emilio Pujol in Spain. He studied composition with Kenneth Gaburo at the University of California, San Diego. He grew up in Portales, New Mexico, moved to New York City in 1976, and has worked with John Cage, LaMonte Young, Glenn Branca, David Van Tieghem, and Peter Gordon.
Kituba is a widely used lingua franca in Central Africa. It is a creole language based on Kikongo, a Bantu language. It is a national language in Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Hugo Loetscher was a Swiss writer and essayist.
Richard Katz was a German journalist, travel writer, and essayist from Bohemia. While writing both grandiose and humble prose, his style is consistently imbued with a sense of humor, humility and love for all things living.
New Netherlanders were residents of New Netherland, the seventeenth-century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on the northeastern coast of North America, centered on the Hudson River and New York Bay, and in the Delaware Valley. Their descendants in the State of New York are the New York Dutch.
Dutch Indies literature or Dutch East Indies literature is the Dutch language literature of colonial and post-colonial Indonesia from the Dutch Golden Age to the present day. It includes Dutch, Indo-European and Indonesian authors. Its subject matter thematically revolves around the VOC and Dutch East Indies eras, but also includes the postcolonial discourse.
Congo: The Epic History of a People is a 639 page non-fiction book by David Van Reybrouck, first published in 2010. It describes the history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from the prehistory until the present, with the main focus on the period from the Belgian colonisation until the book's release. The book was originally published by De Bezige Bij on 3 May 2010. By the end of 2012 it had sold over 300,000 copies in Dutch. Its English version was translated by Sam Garrett.
The New York Dutch, were a cultural group native to New York. These American Hollanders, along with the Jersey Dutch, were known collectively as Holland Dutch. The ancestors of the New York were the New Netherlanders, the settlers of New Netherland.
The Order of Christ, is an order of chivalry continued by King Álvaro II of Kongo in 1607 after the Portuguese brought the Order of Christ to the Kingdom of Kongo. Álvaro II formed and granted knighthoods for the Order of Christ, with the Vatican ruling that Álvaro II and his successors held the fons honorum for the Order of Christ, thus being able to grant the order.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link){{cite book}}
: |website=
ignored (help)