Jerry Manock

Last updated

Jerrold Clifford Manock (born February 21, 1944) [1] is an American industrial designer. He worked for Apple Computer from 1977 to 1984, contributing to housing designs for the Apple II, Apple III, and earlier compact Macintosh computers. Manock is widely regarded as the "father" of the Apple Industrial Design Group. [2] Since 1976 [3] he is the president and principal designer of Manock Comprehensive Design, Inc., with offices in Palo Alto, California, and Burlington, Vermont.

Contents

Education and career

Manock attended Stanford University, where he earned his B.S. in mechanical engineering in 1966 and his M.S. in Mechanical Engineering–Product Design in 1968. For his master's project, he worked on a device to aid in percussion-drainage therapy for children with cystic fibrosis. [3]

From 1968 to 1972, Manock worked as a product design engineer in the Microwave Division of Hewlett-Packard, Palo Alto, California. From 1972 to 1975 he was chief mechanical engineer at Telesensory Systems, Inc., of Palo Alto. He then worked as a freelance product design consultant; in 1977 he took on Apple Computer as a client and consulted on the product design and mechanical engineering of the Apple II personal computer. [3]

Apple Design Team

Manock joined Apple in 1979 as corporate manager of product design. Working under the direction of Steve Jobs, Manock led the product designs of the Apple II, the Apple III, and the "Cuisinart-inspired" upright casing for the first Macintosh computer, which necessitated a detached keyboard. [4] Manock also worked on the Disk II, Disk III, and Apple Lisa office computer. [3]

Manock was a member of the original Apple Macintosh design team. [5] In January 1981, when Jobs became manager of the Macintosh project, he brought in Manock and Terry Oyama to design the computer housing. [6] According to Jason O'Grady in Apple Inc., Manock was "hand-picked" by Jef Raskin to work on the Macintosh design team. [7] In a 1984 interview, Manock said that the initial design goal was for a computer housing with "portability", but that idea was replaced by the design goal of "minimal desk space". As a result, the design team created a keyboard that was smaller than the width of the computer. Manock himself contributed the idea of using icons on the outside of the machine rather than English words to make the Macintosh more international. This style was mirrored in the ROM, which used icons instead of English-language directions, such as a frowning face when the computer needed to reboot and a smiling face indicating booting. [8]

Patents

Manock is the co-inventor of:

Teaching

Manock is a part-time lecturer on product design at the University of Vermont. [17]

Family

Manock married Mary Ellen Tobey; they have two daughters, Abigail and Katherine. [18]

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apple II</span> 1977–1993 series of microcomputers

The Apple II series of microcomputers was initially designed by Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple Computer, and launched in 1977 with the Apple II model that gave the series its name. It was followed by the Apple II Plus, Apple IIe, Apple IIc, and Apple IIc Plus, with the 1983 IIe being the most popular. The name is trademarked with square brackets as Apple ][, then, beginning with the IIe, as Apple //. In terms of ease of use, features, and expandability, the Apple II was a major advancement over its predecessor, the Apple I, a limited-production bare circuit board computer for electronics hobbyists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apple III</span> Business-oriented personal computer made by Apple Computer

The Apple III is a business-oriented personal computer produced by Apple Computer and released in 1980. Running the Apple SOS operating system, it was intended as the successor to the Apple II, but was largely considered a failure in the market. It was designed to provide key features business users wanted in a personal computer: a true typewriter-style upper/lowercase keyboard and an 80-column display.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Floppy disk</span> Removable disk storage medium

A floppy disk or floppy diskette is a type of disk storage composed of a thin and flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square or nearly square plastic enclosure lined with a fabric that removes dust particles from the spinning disk. The three most popular floppy disks are the 8-inch, 5¼-inch, and 3½-inch floppy disks. Floppy disks store digital data which can be read and written when the disk is inserted into a floppy disk drive (FDD) connected to or inside a computer or other device.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NeXT</span> American technology company (1985–1997)

NeXT, Inc. was an American technology company headquartered in Redwood City, California that specialized in computer workstations for higher education and business markets, and later developed web software. It was founded in 1985 by CEO Steve Jobs, the Apple Computer co-founder who had been forcibly removed from Apple that year. NeXT debuted with the NeXT Computer in 1988, and released the NeXTcube and smaller NeXTstation in 1990. The series had relatively limited sales, with only about 50,000 total units shipped. Nevertheless, the object-oriented programming and graphical user interface were highly influential trendsetters of computer innovation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apple Lisa</span> Personal computer by Apple Inc.

Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, produced from January 19, 1983 to August 1, 1986, and succeeded by Macintosh. It is generally considered the first mass-market personal computer operable through a graphical user interface (GUI). In 1983, a machine like the Lisa was still so expensive that it was primarily marketed to individual and small and medium-sized businesses as a groundbreaking new alternative to much bigger and more expensive mainframes or minicomputers such as from IBM, that either require additional, expensive consultancy from the supplier, hiring specially trained personnel, or at least, a much steeper learning curve to maintain and operate. Earlier GUI-controlled personal computers were not mass-marketed; for example, Xerox PARC manufactured its Alto workstation only for Xerox and select partners from the early to mid-1970s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh Plus</span> Third model of Apples Macintosh computer line

The Macintosh Plus computer is the third model in the Macintosh line, introduced on January 16, 1986, two years after the original Macintosh and a little more than a year after the Macintosh 512K, with a price tag of US$2,599. As an evolutionary improvement over the 512K, it shipped with 1 MB of RAM standard, expandable to 4 MB, and an external SCSI peripheral bus, among smaller improvements. Originally, the computer's case was the same beige color as the original Macintosh, Pantone 453; however, in 1987, the case color was changed to the long-lived, warm gray "Platinum" color. It is the earliest Macintosh model able to run System Software 5, System 6, and System 7, up to System 7.5.5, but not System 7.5.2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh Classic</span> Personal computer by Apple Computer

The Macintosh Classic is a personal computer designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer from October 1990 to September 1992. It was the first Macintosh to sell for less than US$1,000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SuperDrive</span> Floppy disk or optical disk drive made by Apple Inc.

SuperDrive is the product name for a floppy disk drive and later an optical disc drive made and marketed by Apple Inc. The name was initially used for what Apple called their high-density floppy disk drive, and later for the internal CD and DVD drive integrated with Apple computers. Though Apple no longer manufactures computers that feature built-in SuperDrives, the name is still used when referring to Apple's external CD and DVD drive accessory (pictured).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh Portable</span> First battery-powered portable Macintosh by Apple

The Macintosh Portable is a portable computer that was designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from September 1989 to October 1991. It is the first battery-powered Macintosh, which garnered significant excitement from critics, but sales to customers were quite low. It featured a fast, sharp, and expensive monochrome active matrix LCD screen in a hinged design that covered the keyboard when the machine was not in use. The Portable was one of the early consumer laptops to employ an active matrix panel—only the most expensive of the initial PowerBook line, the PowerBook 170, had such a panel. The machine was designed to deliver high performance, at the cost of increased price and weight. The Portable was discontinued in October 1991.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh 512Ke</span> Personal computer by Apple, Inc.

The Macintosh 512Kenhanced (512Ke) was introduced in April 1986 as a cheaper alternative to the top-of-the-line Macintosh Plus, which had debuted three months previously. It is the same as the Macintosh 512K but with the 800K disk drive and 128K of ROM used in the Macintosh Plus. Like its predecessors, it has little room for expansion. Some companies did create memory upgrades that brought the machine up to 2 MB or more.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh 128K</span> 1984 computer

The Macintosh, later rebranded as the Macintosh 128K, is the original Macintosh personal computer from Apple. It is the first successful mass-market all-in-one desktop personal computer with a graphical user interface, built-in screen and mouse. It was pivotal in establishing desktop publishing as a general office function. The motherboard, a 9 in (23 cm) CRT monochrome monitor, and a floppy drive are in a beige case with integrated carrying handle; it has a keyboard and single-button mouse.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macintosh 512K</span> Revised version of the Macintosh 128K by Apple Computer

The Macintosh 512K is a personal computer that was designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer from September 1984 to April 1986. It is the first update to the original Macintosh 128K. It was virtually identical to the previous Macintosh, differing primarily in the amount of built-in random-access memory. The increased memory turned the Macintosh into a more business-capable computer and gained the ability to run more software. It is the earliest Macintosh model that can be used as an AppleShare server and, with a bridge Mac, communicate with modern devices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ICOM Simulations</span> American software company

ICOM Simulations, Inc. was a software company based in Wheeling, Illinois. It is best known for creating the MacVenture series of adventure games including Shadowgate.

The multinational technology corporation Apple Inc. has been a participant in various legal proceedings and claims since it began operation and, like its competitors and peers, engages in litigation in its normal course of business for a variety of reasons. In particular, Apple is known for and promotes itself as actively and aggressively enforcing its intellectual property interests. From the 1980s to the present, Apple has been plaintiff or defendant in civil actions in the United States and other countries. Some of these actions have determined significant case law for the information technology industry and many have captured the attention of the public and media. Apple's litigation generally involves intellectual property disputes, but the company has also been a party in lawsuits that include antitrust claims, consumer actions, commercial unfair trade practice suits, defamation claims, and corporate espionage, among other matters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Disk II</span> Floppy disk drive for the Apple II computer

The Disk II Floppy Disk Subsystem, often rendered as Disk ][, is a 5 +1⁄4-inch floppy disk drive designed by Steve Wozniak at the recommendation of Mike Markkula, and manufactured by Apple Computer It went on sale in June 1978 at a retail price of US$495 for pre-order; it was later sold for $595 including the controller card and cable. The Disk II was designed specifically for use with the 1977 Apple II personal computer to replace the slower cassette tape storage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PowerBook 100</span> Laptop by Apple

The PowerBook 100 is a notebook-sized laptop computer designed and manufactured by Sony for Apple Computer and introduced on October 21, 1991, at the COMDEX computer expo in Las Vegas, Nevada. Priced at US$2,500 with external floppy drive, the PowerBook 100 was the low-end model of the first three simultaneously released PowerBooks. Its CPU and overall speed closely resembled those of its predecessor, the Macintosh Portable. It had a Motorola 68000 processor at 16 MHz, 2-8 megabytes (MB) of RAM, a 9-inch (23 cm) monochrome backlit liquid-crystal display (LCD) with 640 × 400 pixel resolution, and the System 7.0.1 operating system. It did not have a built-in floppy disk drive and was noted for its unique compact design that placed a trackball pointing device in front of the keyboard for ease of use.

The Macintosh Hard Disk 20 is the first hard drive developed by Apple Computer specifically for use with the Macintosh 512K. Introduced on September 17, 1985, it was part of Apple's solution toward completing the Macintosh Office announced in January 1985. It would be over a year more before Apple would release the file server software AppleShare that would link all of the hardware together. By that time the SCSI interface introduced on the Macintosh Plus in January 1986, would accommodate far faster and more efficient hard drives, rendering the Hard Disk 20 virtually obsolete.

The Apple Industrial Design Group is the industrial design department within Apple Inc., responsible for creating the physical appearance of all Apple products. The group was established so that Apple could design more in-house products, rather than relying on external design firms. Steve Jobs wanted to be a part of the design process which was not a very practical thing to do when utilizing external design agencies. Having an in-house design group allowed for changes to be made more efficiently, all while making it easier to maintain the secrecy of upcoming projects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hard Disk 20SC</span> Hard drive by Apple

The Apple Hard Disk 20SC is Apple's first SCSI based hard drive for the Apple II family as well as the Macintosh and other third party computers using an industry standard SCSI interface.

Mike Nuttall is a British designer who established Matrix Product Design in 1983 in Palo Alto, California. In 1991, his company merged with two other established design firms, David Kelley Design and ID Two to form the influential design firm IDEO.

References

  1. ↑ California Births, 1905 - 1995, Jerrold Clifford Manock
  2. ↑ O'Grady, Jason D. (2009). Apple Inc. Greenwood Press. p. 31. ISBN   978-0-313-36244-6.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Jerrold C. Manock". Manock Comprehensive Design, Inc. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  4. ↑ Linzmayer, Owen W. (2004). Apple Confidential 2.0: The Definitive History of the World's Most Colorful Company. No Starch Press. p. 94. ISBN   978-1-59327-010-0.
  5. ↑ Lemmons, Phil (February 1984). "An Interview: The Macintosh Design Team". BYTE (interview). p. 58. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
  6. ↑ Allan, Roy A. (2001). A History of the Personal Computer: The people and the technology. London, Ontario, Canada: Allan Publishing. p. 10/19. ISBN   978-0-9689108-0-1.
  7. ↑ O'Grady, Apple Inc., p. 30.
  8. ↑ "The Making of Macintosh: An Interview with the Macintosh Design Team". February 1984. pp. 9–10. Archived from the original on 3 November 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  9. ↑ "Personal computer". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 12 April 1983. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  10. ↑ "Dual disk drive". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 25 October 1983. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  11. ↑ "Housing for movable cursor control for a video display". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 17 June 1986. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  12. ↑ "Computer housing". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 16 September 1986. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  13. ↑ "Keypad". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 7 October 1986. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  14. ↑ "Disk drive housing". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 7 October 1986. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  15. ↑ "Disk drive case". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 9 June 1987. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  16. ↑ "Equatorial sundial apparatus utilizing one or more concave cylindrical focusing mirrors". United States Patent and Trademark Office. 17 June 1986.
  17. ↑ "Jerrold C. Manock, M.S." University of Vermont School of Business Administration. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  18. ↑ "Mary Tobey". Cape Cod Times . 12 December 2004. Archived from the original on 30 September 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.