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James Michael Kacian (born July 26, 1953) [1] is an American haiku poet, editor, translator, publisher, organizer, filmmaker, public speaker, and theorist. He has authored more than 20 volumes of English-language haiku, and edited scores more, including serving as editor-in-chief for Haiku in English: The First Hundred Years. In addition, he is founder and owner of Red Moon Press (1993), a co-founder of the World Haiku Association (2000), and founder and president of The Haiku Foundation (2009). [2]
James Michael Kacian was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He was later adopted and raised in Gardner, Massachusetts. He wrote his first mainstream poems in his teens and published them in small poetry magazines beginning in 1970. He also wrote, recorded, and sold songs under the name Jim Blake while living in Nashville in the 1980s. Upon his move to Virginia in 1985 he discovered English-language haiku, for which he is best known.
He set himself the task of writing a thousand such poems before seeking publication, and between 1985 and 1987 accomplished this.[ citation needed ] Since 1988 he has published thousands of his poems in hundreds of locations in dozens of languages, with the preponderance of them being published in the United States, but with substantial numbers also appearing in Canada, the United Kingdom, Sweden, France, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Italy, Austria, Israel, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Macedonia, Greece, Iran, Russia, China, India, Australia, New Zealand and Japan.
From 1993 – 1998 he edited the haiku journal, [3] which he followed (1998 – 2004) by assuming the editorship of Frogpond , the membership journal of the Haiku Society of America.
Also in 1993, Kacian founded Red Moon Press. [4]
Since 1996, Kacian has published more than 20 books, primarily haiku, and his work has been translated into more than 20 languages. His poems have won or been placed in virtually every international contest in the genre.[ citation needed ] All of his full-length collections have won awards.
Having proposed a new global haiku association in 1999, Kacian co-founded the World Haiku Association with Ban'ya Natsuishi and Dimitar Anakiev. [5] In September 2000 the WHA held its inaugural conference in Tolmin, Slovenia. [6]
From August to November 2000, Kacian traveled to nine countries — the UK, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Malaysia, New Zealand, Australia, and Japan promoting a global haiku. [7] [8] Having invited haiku poets from around the world to submit their haiku to Frogpond, Kacian compiled and edited 2001's XXIV:1 issue, featuring haiku from 24 countries.
Beginning in 2004, Kacian began work on The Haiku Foundation. Among its offerings are The Haiku Foundation Libraries (hard copy and digital); Haikupedia, the online encyclopedia of all things haiku; interactive features; a history of world haiku, with specimen samples, in original languages and English; and more.
In August 2013, his anthology Haiku in English: The First Hundred Years was published by W. W. Norton & Company. The anthology tells the story of English-language haiku from its inception to the present, and includes his 70-page overview of the genre.
Also in 2013, Kacian created the first video haiga and haiku film. He first presented them publicly via The Haiku Foundation website, and then collectively at the HaikuLife Haiku Film Festival which he inaugurated in 2015.
Kacian has written sixteen books of poetry, fourteen of which are dedicated to haiku or haiku-related genres. His poems have been translated into many languages.
Kacian's haiku,
(along with 29 other chosen haiku) is etched in a stone along the Katikati Haiku Pathway beside the Uretara Stream in New Zealand. [9] (Poems were selected by the Katikati Haiku Pathway Focus Committee, New Zealand Poetry Society, and Catherine Mair.) In 2010 a second stone featuring his poem
was added, making him one of only three poets with multiple stones, and the only American.[ citation needed ]
James Michael Kacian's essays have been cited in such works as:
Kacian's efforts on behalf of global haiku have been featured in Global Haiku and the work of Jim Kacian (Richard Gilbert, 2003).
Kacian's work has been anthologized in, among others:
His poem,
serves as the departure point for Richard Gilbert's monograph on contemporary haiku technique, The Disjunctive Dragonfly, defining innovative techniques in English-language haiku. [10]
Kacian has edited several English-language haiku books and journals, including:
Kacian's haiku have won or placed in many national and international haiku competitions in English (and occasionally other languages as well), including recently:
The books listed below have won The Haiku Society of America Merit Book Awards for outstanding achievement in the genre.
In 1996 his production of John Elsberg's A Week in the Lake District was a finalist for Virginia Poetry Book of the Year (Virginia State Library).
In August 2000, Knots — The Anthology of Southeastern European Haiku Poetry (1999), which Kacian co-edited with Dimitar Anakiev, won second place in the World Haiku Achievement Competition. [8]
In October 2008 he won the Ginyu Award for Outstanding Contribution to World Haiku (Ginyu issue 40, pp. 13–15). [16]
Kacian's poems, articles, and book reviews have appeared internationally in journals, magazines, and newspapers including:
Kacian has read in many parts of the world, including international poetry festivals in New York, New Orleans, London, Oxford, Belgrade, Vilanice, Ohrid, Skopje, Sofia, Sydney, Hobart, Wellington, Christchurch, Auckland, Tokyo, Tenri, Kyoto, Kumamoto, Kraków, Los Angeles, Toronto and Washington D.C. Some of his speeches are listed below:
His advocacy, along with that of such poets as Marlene Mountain and Janice Bostok, of single-line haiku in English has initiated renewed interest in this form following its rare usage during the 20th century. His work also champions several innovative techniques (as cited by Richard Gilbert in The Disjunctive Dragonfly and in his book Poems of Consciousness). Kacian's own critical writings elaborate some of these aesthetic innovations.
Haiku is a type of short form poetry that originated in Japan, and can be traced back from the influence of traditional Chinese poetry. Traditional Japanese haiku consist of three phrases composed of 17 morae in a 5, 7, 5 pattern; that include a kireji, or "cutting word"; and a kigo, or seasonal reference. However, haiku by classical Japanese poets, such as Matsuo Bashō, also deviate from the 17-on pattern and sometimes do not contain a kireji. Similar poems that do not adhere to these rules are generally classified as senryū.
Senryū (川柳) is a Japanese form of short poetry similar to haiku in construction: three lines with 17 morae. Senryū tend to be about human foibles while haiku tend to be about nature, and senryū are often cynical or darkly humorous while haiku are more serious.
George Swede, is a Latvian Canadian psychologist, poet and children's writer who lives in Toronto, Ontario. He is a major figure in English-language haiku, known for his wry, poignant observations
A kigo is a word or phrase associated with a particular season, used in traditional forms of Japanese poetry. Kigo are used in the collaborative linked-verse forms renga and renku, as well as in haiku, to indicate the season referred to in the stanza. They are valuable in providing economy of expression.
Haibun is a prosimetric literary form originating in Japan, combining prose and haiku. The range of haibun is broad and frequently includes autobiography, diary, essay, prose poem, short story and travel journal.
Gabriel Rosenstock is an Irish writer who works chiefly in the Irish language. A member of Aosdána, he is poet, playwright, haikuist, tankaist, essayist, and author/translator of over 180 books, mostly in Irish. Born in Kilfinane, County Limerick, he currently resides in Dublin.
The Haiku Society of America is a non-profit organization composed of haiku poets, editors, critics, publishers and enthusiasts that promotes the composition and appreciation of haiku in English. Founded in 1968, it is the largest society dedicated to haiku and related forms of poetry outside Japan, and holds meetings, lectures, workshops, readings, and contests, throughout the United States. The society's journal, Frogpond, first published in 1978, appears three times a year. As of 2022, the HSA has over 1,000 members.
Cor Van den Heuvel is an American haiku poet, editor and archivist.
Anatoly Kudryavitsky is a Russian-Irish novelist, poet, editor and literary translator.
A haiku in English is an English-language poem written in a form or style inspired by Japanese haiku. Like their Japanese counterpart, haiku in English are typically short poems and often reference the seasons, but the degree to which haiku in English implement specific elements of Japanese haiku, such as the arranging of 17 phonetic units in a 5–7–5 pattern, varies greatly.
William J. Higginson was an American poet, translator and author most notable for his work with haiku and renku, born in New York City. He was one of the charter members of the Haiku Society of America, and was present at its formation meeting in 1968.
Wally Swist is an American poet and writer. He is best known for his poems about nature and spirituality.
Dan Vera is an American poet and editor.
The composition and translation of tanka in English begins at the end of the nineteenth century in England and the United States. Translations into English of classic Japanese tanka date back at least to the 1865 translation of the classic Ogura Hyakunin Isshu ; an early publication of originally English tanka dates to 1899. In the United States, the publication of tanka in Japanese and in English translation acquired extra impetus after World War II and was followed by a rise of the genre's popularity among native speakers of English.
Robbie Coburn is a contemporary Australian poet.
Janak Sapkota is a Nepalese haiku poet who works mainly in the English language. He is based in Finland.
The British Haiku Society (BHS) was formed in 1990 and aims to promote haiku and to teach and publish Haiku in English.
Carlos Colón was an American poet. He primarily wrote English-language haiku and concrete poems. During his lifetime, he published over 12 chapbooks and over 1,400 poems published in a variety of journals including Modern Haiku and Frogpond.
Alexis K. Rotella is an American poet and artist. She has written poems in several of the traditional styles of Japanese poetry, including haiku, senryū, renga, and haibun.
Dee Evetts is an English haiku poet and writer.