Jinpa-ri Tomb No. 4 | |
Chosŏn'gŭl | 진파리사호무덤 |
---|---|
Hancha | 眞坡里四號무덤 |
Revised Romanization | Jinpari-saho-mudeom |
McCune–Reischauer | Chinp'ari-saho-mudŏm |
The Jinpa-ri Tomb No. 4 is noted for its depictions of all twenty-eight Chinese constellations as noted in Koguryo astronomical charts. [1] The Tomb is listed as a National Treasure of North Korea.
The paintings in the Tomb do not show the names of the constellations,nor do they show the connecting lines between the stars (but research has identified these paintings as part of the twenty-eight Chinese constellations). The paintings of the constellations in this tomb do show modifications over their Chinese depictions:the direction of the arrangement of the twenty-eight constellations is counterclockwise and the reversal of the east and west constellations (seven constellations of the east have been placed in the west and the seven constellations of the west have been placed in the east). These differences are thought to be due to an error by the painters or because the reproductions of the astronomical directions were erroneous. [1] The stars are painted various sizes,using the Korean tradition of indicating the brightness of the stars. There are 128 stars in total in the painting;some scholars have identified the Big Dipper and either one or several other constellations. [2]
A chemical substance and constituent mineral analysis of the lime plaster in the tomb has dated it to the middle of the 6th Century. Testing showed a white lime plaster layer made of lime and sand and a brown lime plaster layer made from a "clayish soil" of weathered rock and lime. Both types showed lump-typed clayish soil of weathered rock,lime and shell. [3]
A constellation is an area on the celestial sphere in which a group of visible stars forms a perceived pattern or outline,typically representing an animal,mythological subject,or inanimate object.
Fresco is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster,and with the setting of the plaster,the painting becomes an integral part of the wall. The word fresco is derived from the Italian adjective fresco meaning "fresh",and may thus be contrasted with fresco-secco or secco mural painting techniques,which are applied to dried plaster,to supplement painting in fresco. The fresco technique has been employed since antiquity and is closely associated with Italian Renaissance painting.
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates,a binder,and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings,exterior walls,and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal,expanded metal lath,concrete,cinder block,or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes.
Kerala mural paintings are the frescos depicting Hindu mythology in Kerala. Ancient temples and palaces in Kerala,India,display an abounding tradition of mural paintings mostly dating back between the 9th to 12th centuries CE when this form of art enjoyed royal patronage.
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Korean architecture refers to an architectural style that developed over centuries in Korea. Throughout the history of Korea,various kingdoms and royal dynasties have developed a unique style of architecture with influences from Buddhism and Korean Confucianism.
Korean painting (Korean: 한국화) includes paintings made in Korea or by overseas Koreans on all surfaces. The earliest surviving Korean paintings are murals in the Goguryeo tombs,of which considerable numbers survive,the oldest from some 2,000 years ago,with varied scenes including dancers,hunting and spirits. It has been hypothesized the Takamatsuzuka Tomb in Japan,from the 7th-century end of the Goguryeo period,has paintings with Goguryeo influence,either done by Goguryeo artists,or Japanese one trained by Goguryeo people. Since a lot of influences came into the Korean peninsula from China during the Three Kingdoms period. Until the Joseon dynasty the primary influences came from Chinese painting though done with Korean landscapes,facial features,Buddhist topics,and an emphasis on celestial observation in keeping with the rapid development of Korean astronomy.
Fresco-secco is a wall painting technique where pigments mixed with an organic binder and/or lime are applied onto dry plaster. The paints used can e.g. be casein paint,tempera,oil paint,silicate mineral paint. If the pigments are mixed with lime water or lime milk and applied to a dry plaster the technique is called lime secco painting. The secco technique contrasts with the fresco technique,where the painting is executed on a layer of wet plaster.
Memorial Hall located at 610 South Limestone Street is a prominent building on the campus of the University of Kentucky. It is approximately 17,012 square feet and 130 feet tall. The building's construction was funded by donations and individual contributions over a ten-year period through a subscription to the university,beginning in 1919. Completed in 1929 as a memorial to those who died in World War I,it is used for lectures and performances,and also serves as a site for graduation ceremonies of some colleges within the university. From 1969 to 1970 major renovations of the interior of the building took place. The additions include new flooring,seating,powder rooms,lighting,and air conditioning. It is located on central campus at the end of Funkhouser Drive.
The Azure Dragon,also known as Qinglong in Chinese,is one of the Dragon Gods who represent the mount or chthonic forces of the Five Regions' Highest Deities. It is also one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations,which are the astral representations of the Wufang Shangdi. The Azure Dragon represents the east and the spring season. It is also sometimes referred to as the Blue-green Dragon,Green Dragon,or the Blue Dragon.
A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate constellations,stars,nebulae,galaxies,and planets. They have been used for human navigation since time immemorial. Note that a star chart differs from an astronomical catalog,which is a listing or tabulation of astronomical objects for a particular purpose. Tools using a star chart include the astrolabe and planisphere.
Sittanavasal Cave is a 2nd-century Tamil Śramaṇa complex of caves in Sittanavasal village in Pudukottai district of Tamil Nadu,India. Its name is a distorted form of Sit-tan-na-va-yil,a Tamil word which means "the abode of great saints".
The Takamatsuzuka Tomb is an ancient circular tomb in Asuka village,Nara Prefecture,Japan.
Skyscape art depicts representations of the sky,especially in a painting or photograph. Skyscapes differ from cloudscapes because they do not necessarily include clouds. Like cloudscape art,skyscape art can also omit any view of land or anything else which might help to suggest scale or orientation. Images called "skyscapes" often do include clouds or land,but these things can also be excluded or kept to a minimum.
The Tomb of King Dongmyeong,also known as the Tomb of King Tongmyŏng,is a mausoleum located in near Ryongsan Village,Ryokpo-guyok,Pyongyang,North Korea. One of the tombs is the royal tomb of Jumong,the founder of the ancient Goguryeo Kingdom,the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. King Jumong was given the posthumous name of King Dongmyeong. In total,there are 63 individual tombs of the period. The area around Dongmyeong's grave contains at least fifteen known tombs believed to belong to various vassal lords. The tomb has achieved World Heritage status as part of the Complex of Goguryeo Tombs inscribed by UNESCO in 2004 under Criteria (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv) covering an area of 233 hectares with a buffer zone of 1,701 hectares. A unique feature of it and the other extant tombs in the area are the wall paintings depicting blossoming lotuses,indicative of Buddhism practiced and perhaps prevalent in Korea around 277 BC to 668 AD.
The Royal Tombs of the Goryeo Dynasty are a group of tombs of members of the Korean Goryeo Dynasty.
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The Jinpa-ri Tomb No. 1 is noted for its tomb paintings. Located in Pyongyang,the Tomb is part of the Kosai Tombs.
A ceiling painted with stars frequently occurs as a design motif in a cathedral or Christian church,and replicates the Earth's sky at night. Ceilings painted with stars are often found in these buildings because of the symbolic associations of stars in Christianity,Judaism,and Islamic faith. In religious buildings,this decorative feature is often depicted with white or gold stars on a blue background. As well as being a decorative technique,star-painted ceilings are also associated with astrology. It has been used as a way to accurately depict the night sky,in planetariums,for example. Ceilings painted with stars are also a decoration feature sometimes found in houses,particularly in children's rooms.
The Tomb of Xu Xianxiu is located in Wangjiafeng village,Haofeng Township,Yingze District,Shanxi Province,China. It is the tomb of the Northern Qi Prince of Wu’an,and head of the imperial armies,Xu Xianxiu. The tomb,noted for its murals,was excavated during 2001–2003.
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