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Goguryeo also later known as Goryeo,was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of modern day Northeast China. At its peak of power,Goguryeo controlled most of the Korean Peninsula,large parts of Manchuria and parts of eastern Mongolia and Inner Mongolia as well as Russia.
Kaesong is a special city in the southern part of North Korea,and the capital of Korea during the Taebong kingdom and subsequent Goryeo dynasty. The city is near the Kaesong Industrial Region close to the border with South Korea and contains the remains of the Manwoldae palace. Called Songdo while it was the ancient capital of Goryeo,the city prospered as a trade centre that produced Korean ginseng. Kaesong now functions as North Korea's light industry centre.
Goguryeo tombs,officially designated as the Complex of Koguryo Tombs,are tombs in North Korea. In July 2004,they became the first UNESCO World Heritage site in the country. The site consists of 30 individual tombs from the later Goguryeo kingdom,one of Three Kingdoms of Korea,located in the cities of P'yŏngyang and Namp'o. Goguryeo was one of the strongest ancient Korean kingdoms located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of Manchuria. The kingdom was founded in the present day area of North Korea,and part of Manchuria around 37 BCE,and the capital was transferred to P'yŏngyang in 427 CE.
Anak Tomb No. 3 is a chamber tomb of Goguryeo located in Anak,South Hwanghae,North Korea. It is known for mural paintings and an epitaph. It is part of the Complex of Koguryo Tombs.
The hanbok is a traditional clothing of the Korean people. The term hanbok is primarily used by South Koreans;North Koreans refer to the clothes as chosŏn-ot. The clothes are also worn in the Korean diaspora,especially by Koreans in China.
Korean arts include traditions in calligraphy,music,painting and pottery,often marked by the use of natural forms,surface decoration and bold colors or sounds.
Korean architecture refers to an architectural style that developed over centuries in Korea. Throughout the history of Korea,various kingdoms and royal dynasties have developed a unique style of architecture with influences from Buddhism and Korean Confucianism.
Korean painting (Korean: 한국화) includes paintings made in Korea or by overseas Koreans on all surfaces. The earliest surviving Korean paintings are murals in the Goguryeo tombs,of which considerable numbers survive,the oldest from some 2,000 years ago,with varied scenes including dancers,hunting and spirits. It has been hypothesized the Takamatsuzuka Tomb in Japan,from the 7th-century end of the Goguryeo period,has paintings with Goguryeo influence,either done by Goguryeo artists,or Japanese one trained by Goguryeo people. Since a lot of influences came into the Korean peninsula from China during the Three Kingdoms period. Until the Joseon dynasty the primary influences came from Chinese painting though done with Korean landscapes,facial features,Buddhist topics,and an emphasis on celestial observation in keeping with the rapid development of Korean astronomy.
The Crown of Baekje refers to several artifacts excavated that are believed to be the royal headgear of the kings,queens,and nobility of the Baekje Kingdom. Some of the crowns follow the same tradition as Silla crowns in that they share the tree-motif and the hints of shamanistic traditions. However,the diadems of the kings and queens suggest that Baekje people had a distinct tradition for their royal headgear.
Gungnae or Guonei was the capital of the ancient Korean kingdom of Goguryeo,which was located in Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. The perimeter of its outer fortress measures 2,686m. It is located in present day Ji'an city,Jilin province,northeast China. Because of its historical importance and exceptional architecture,Gungnae was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004. It is part of the Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom World Heritage Site,together with nearby Hwando Mountain City and the Onyeosan City,in modern northeast China.
The Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom is an UNESCO World Heritage Site which includes a number of archaeological sites currently in Ji'an,Jilin Province and Huanren,Liaoning Province in Northeast China. Goguryeo,was a Korean Kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of Manchuria.
WunüShan,which means "mountain of Five Women",is a mountain of historical and cultural significance located in the north of the Huanren Town,in Huanren Manchu Autonomous County,Liaoning province,China. It is located northwest of the Hun Jiang River. The tallest peak is the 821 metre-high Main Peak,measuring 1,500 metres long and 300 metres wide.
The Tomb of King Dongmyeong,also known as the Tomb of King Tongmyŏng,is a mausoleum located in near Ryongsan Village,Ryokpo-guyok,Pyongyang,North Korea. One of the tombs is the royal tomb of Jumong,the founder of the ancient Goguryeo Kingdom,the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. King Jumong was given the posthumous name of King Dongmyeong. In total,there are 63 individual tombs of the period. The area around Dongmyeong's grave contains at least fifteen known tombs believed to belong to various vassal lords. The tomb has achieved World Heritage status as part of the Complex of Goguryeo Tombs inscribed by UNESCO in 2004 under Criteria (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv) covering an area of 233 hectares with a buffer zone of 1,701 hectares. A unique feature of it and the other extant tombs in the area are the wall paintings depicting blossoming lotuses,indicative of Buddhism practiced and perhaps prevalent in Korea around 277 BC to 668 AD.
Geumtapsa or Geumtap Temple,a Korean Buddhist Temple,is located at the base of Cheondeungsan (mountain) in Podu-myeon (township),Goheung-gun (county),Jeollanam-do (province),South Korea. The temple is known for being a Bhikkhuni refuge and is affiliated with the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism.
Anak County is a county in South Hwanghae province,North Korea.
The Royal Tombs of the Goryeo Dynasty are a group of tombs of members of the Korean Goryeo Dynasty.
The Kangso Three Tombs (Korean: 강서세무덤) are mausoleums located in Kangso-guyok,North Korea. They are part of the Complex of Koguryo Tombs,a UNESCO World Heritage site,a National Treasure of North Korea #28. The large tomb is 50 metres long and 8.7 metres high,the middle tomb is 45 metres long and 7.8 metres high and the small one is 40 metres long and 6.75 metres high. Frescoes inside the tombs depict four tutelary deities. The large tomb holds depictions of a blue dragon and a black serpent-tortoise,while a white tiger and a red phoenix are depicted in the middle tomb. The frescoes are particularly colourful and show Koguryo aristocratic life in detail,including dancing,wrestling and hunting. The Kangso Three Tombs were unearthed in 1911 by Japanese archaeologist Imanishi Ryūand were extensively studied.
The Jinpa-ri Tomb No. 4 is noted for its depictions of all twenty-eight Chinese constellations as noted in Koguryo astronomical charts. The Tomb is listed as a National Treasure of North Korea.
The Yaksu-ri rock-paintings tomb (Korean: 약수리벽화무덤) are located in Yaksu-ri,Kangso-gun,South Pyongan Province,North Korea.
The Twin Column Tomb (Korean: 쌍기둥무덤) is a two-chambered burial tomb dating from Koguryo period. It is located in Nampo,North Korea. It is listed as a National Treasure of North Korea for the painting on the north wall of the back chamber. The tomb was discovered by the Japanese during their occupation of the Korean Peninsula.
References
- ↑ Törmä, Minna (August 1, 2013). Enchanted by Lohans: Osvald Siren's Journey into Chinese Art (Google eBook). Hong Kong University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-9888139842 . Retrieved August 6, 2014.
- 1 2 Lena, Kim, ed. (2005). World Cultural Heritage - Koguryo Tomb Murals (Technical report). ICOMOS - Korea.
- ↑ Yi, Cheong-Ho (8–11 June 2006). "CULTURAL HERITAGE AND SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE" (PDF). International Conference on Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: the role of traditional knowledge, section: Yi, C. H. (2006). Koguryo civilisation sustained by forest culture in the northern Korean peninsular and Manchuria. Florence, Italy: IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge. p. 271. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
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