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Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. Pain typically comes on rapidly, reaching maximal intensity in less than 12 hours. The joint at the base of the big toe is affected (Podagra) in about half of cases. It may also result in tophi, kidney stones, or kidney damage.
Colchicine is a medication used to treat gout and Behçet's disease. In gout, it is less preferred than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or steroids. Other uses for colchicine include the management of pericarditis and familial Mediterranean fever. Colchicine is taken by mouth.
Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the epididymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle. Onset of pain is typically over a day or two. The pain may improve with raising the testicle. Other symptoms may include swelling of the testicle, burning with urination, or frequent urination. Inflammation of the testicle is commonly also present.
Thomas Sydenham was an English physician. He was the author of Observationes Medicae (1676) which became a standard textbook of medicine for two centuries so that he became known as 'The English Hippocrates'. Among his many achievements was the discovery of a disease, Sydenham's chorea, also known as St Vitus' Dance. To him is attributed the prescient dictum, "A man is as old as his arteries."
Rheumatism or rheumatic disorders are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. Rheumatism does not designate any specific disorder, but covers at least 200 different conditions, including arthritis and "non-articular rheumatism", also known as "regional pain syndrome" or "soft tissue rheumatism". There is a close overlap between the term soft tissue disorder and rheumatism. Sometimes the term "soft tissue rheumatic disorders" is used to describe these conditions.
Henry Valentine Knaggs was an English physician, anti-vaccinationist, naturopath and alternative health writer.
Palindromic rheumatism (PR) is a syndrome characterised by recurrent, self-resolving inflammatory attacks in and around the joints, and consists of arthritis or periarticular soft tissue inflammation. The course is often acute onset, with sudden and rapidly developing attacks or flares. There is pain, redness, swelling, and disability of one or multiple joints. The interval between recurrent palindromic attacks and the length of an attack is extremely variable from few hours to days. Attacks may become more frequent with time but there is no joint damage after attacks. It is thought to be an autoimmune disease, possibly an abortive form of rheumatoid arthritis.
Sir Alfred Baring Garrod was an English physician.
William Ewart was an English physician remembered for Ewart's sign.
Thomas Dawson (1725?–1782) was an English physician.
Tsai-Fan Yu was a Chinese-American physician, researcher, and the first woman to be appointed as a full professor at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. She helped to develop an explanation for the cause of gout and experimented with early drugs to treat the disease which are still in use today.
Sir Charles Scudamore (1779–1849) was an English physician, known for his writings on gout.
Robert Kinglake M.D. (1765–1842) was an English physician, known as a medical writer.
Nicola Dalbeth is a New Zealand academic rheumatologist whose research focuses on understanding the impact and mechanisms of gout. She supports clinical and laboratory research programmes and holds dual appointments as a full professor at the University of Auckland and as a consultant for the Auckland District Health Board.
Alexander Haig was a Scottish physician, dietitian and vegetarianism activist. He was best known for pioneering the uric-acid free diet.
Henry William Fuller F.R.C.P. was an English physician and writer.
Richard Llewellyn Jones Llewellyn was a Welsh physician and writer.
John Haddon (1845–1924) was a Scottish physician, dietitian and vegetarianism activist.
John Pechey (1655–1716) was an English medical writer.
Robert Pierce, also spelt Peirce, was an English physician.
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Moore, Norman (1887). "Cheshire, John". In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
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