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Ophthalmology is a clinical and surgical specialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. A former term is oculism.
Sir William Bowman, 1st Baronet was an English surgeon, histologist and anatomist. He is best known for his research using microscopes to study various human organs, though during his lifetime he pursued a successful career as an ophthalmologist.
Sir Thomas Spencer Wells, 1st Baronet was surgeon to Queen Victoria, a medical professor and president of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Philip Syng Physick was an American physician and professor born in Philadelphia. He was the first professor of surgery and later of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania medical school from 1805 to 1831 during which time he was a highly influential teacher. Physick invented a number of surgical devices and techniques including the stomach tube and absorbable sutures. He has been called the "Father of American Surgery."
John Cunningham Saunders, M.D. was an English surgeon and oculist, best known for his pioneering work on the surgery of cataracts. He founded the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, now known as Moorfields Eye Hospital.
Jacob Hermann Knapp, also known as Hermann Knapp, was a German-American ophthalmologist and otolaryngologist.
Arthur Jacob (1790–1874) was an Irish ophthalmologist. He is known for founding several hospitals, a medical school, and a medical journal. He contributed to science and academia through his 41-year term as Professor of Anatomy at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and as the first Irish ocular pathologist. He was elected President of RCSI in 1837 and 1864.
Robert Marcus Gunn was a Scottish ophthalmologist remembered for Gunn's sign and the Marcus Gunn pupil.
Charles Conor O'Malley, BSc, MB., DOMS, KM., was an Irish eye surgeon, writer, and Chief of the Name, 1889–1982.
Geoffrey Rose BSc MBBS MS DSc MRCP FRCS FRCOphth is an English ophthalmologist and Past-President of both the British OculoPlastic Surgery Society (BOPSS) and the European Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (ESOPRS).
John Bishop Estlin was an English ophthalmic surgeon.
Eric John Arnott, MA, FRCS, FRCOphth was a British ophthalmologist and surgeon who specialized in cataracts, a condition which in many parts of the world still remains the principal cause of blindness. He is known for inventing new surgical techniques for treatment of various ophthalmological disorders, and received professional awards for his contributions.
James Ware (1756–1815) was an English eye surgeon, and Fellow of the Royal Society, who practiced in London during the Georgian era. He is considered one of the founding fathers of modern ophthalmology in Britain.
Sir Henry Tristram Holland was a Christian medical missionary who travelled to India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Baluchistan to provide ophthalmologic surgery and care. He is known for establishing hospitals in Quetta and North Sind and is credited with saving the sight of more than 100,000 people.
Sir Henry Morris, 1st Baronet FRCS was a British medical doctor and surgeon, president of the Royal Society of Medicine and the author and editor of significant works on anatomy. He was also known for his work in the field of cancer.
Sir John Tomes was an English dental surgeon.
Dr John Argyll Robertson FRSE PRCSE was a Scottish surgeon who specialised in ophthalmic surgery and became President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1848.
George Mackay (1861-1949) was a British ophthalmic surgeon. He served in the Department of Ophthalmology of the University of Edinburgh and the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and was a member of the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom, the Scottish Ophthalmological Club and the French Ophthalmological Society.
William Laidlaw Purves MRCS, LRCP was a Scottish-born surgeon who worked in London as an aural and ophthalmic surgeon. He contributed specialist articles to the medical literature but is mainly remembered for his contributions to golf. He planned and designed the course that became Royal St Georges in Kent and was an important figure in the establishment of the Ladies Golf Union in the United Kingdom. He was a prime mover in introducing the rules of handicapping into British golf.
Lieutenant-Colonel Herbert Herbert, FRCS was a British ophthalmologist and officer in the Indian Medical Service (IMS), known for his work on trachoma, cataract and glaucoma. Later, he was vice-president of the Ophthalmological Society of the UK.