Formation | 1992 |
---|---|
Type | Learned society |
Headquarters | London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine |
Location |
|
Fields | Public health |
Website | Official website |
The John Snow Society (JSS), founded 1992, is a learned society named for the English physician John Snow. It publishes the newsletter Broad Sheet, and hosts the Pumphandle Lecture at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The John Snow pub in Soho, London, serves as its meeting place.
Members are generally leading public health physicians, epidemiologists and anaesthetists. Membership requirements include a lifetime subscription, an interest in the works of Snow, and visiting the John Snow pub on at least one occasion when visiting London.
The John Snow Society (JSS) was founded in 1992, as a learned society named for John Snow, with the support of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the Royal Society for Public Health. [1] Its co-founder and first president was Paul Fine, [2] [3] who believes that the address book (that is, the ability to map and otherwise identify characteristics of people in relation to the local spread of disease) is key to public health and the solving of epidemics. [4] A demonstrative pumping action handshake was introduced to greet members. [5]
Members of the JSS are typically leading public health physicians, epidemiologists, and anaesthetists. [6] [7] [8] Membership requirements include a lifetime subscription fee, supporting the works of John Snow, and visiting the John Snow pub in Soho on at least one occasion when visiting London. [1] [9] [10] There, they may sign the visitor book and make a toast to Snow's achievements. [11] Members include Norman Begg, [12] [13] Frank J. Mahoney, [14] Jimmy Whitworth, Sandy Cairncross, Christina Marriott, Liam Smeeth, Stefan Flasche, Sebastian Funk, James Hargreaves, Dilys Morgan, Marta Tufet, and Rosalind Stanwell-Smith. [8] [15]
As of 2022 lifetime membership costs £15. [12]
The JSS communicates to its members through its newsletter, the Broad Sheet. [8]
The John Snow pub serves as a meeting place for the JSS. [6] [16] Its annual general meeting (AGM) is held there, typically following their Pumphandle Lecture. [17] [18] At the conclusion of the Pumphandle Lecture, the guest speaker ceremonially removes the pump handle. [19] The attendees then retire to the John Snow pub, where the AGM of the Society takes place. [19]
Members are expected to visit the pub on at least one occasion when visiting London. [10] The minimum number of members to account for an official JSS meeting is two. [1] The JSS possesses the original Broad Street pump. [20] After the removal of the replica pump in 1992, the JSS petitioned for its return to its original site, achieved in 2018. [21]
William Farr CB was a British epidemiologist, regarded as one of the founders of medical statistics.
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals". Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health. The public can be as small as a handful of people or as large as a village or an entire city; in the case of a pandemic it may encompass several continents. The concept of health takes into account physical, psychological, and social well-being.
John Snow was an English physician and a leader in the development of anaesthesia and medical hygiene. He is considered one of the founders of modern epidemiology and early germ theory, in part because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in London's Soho, which he identified as a particular public water pump. Snow's findings inspired fundamental changes in the water and waste systems of London, which led to similar changes in other cities, and a significant improvement in general public health around the world.
The Association of Anaesthetists, in full the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI), is a professional association for anaesthetists in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
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Edward Headlam Greenhow FRS, FRCP was an English physician, epidemiologist, sanitarian, statistician, clinician and lecturer.
Edwin Lankester FRS, FRMS, MRCS was an English surgeon and naturalist who made a major contribution to the control of cholera in London: he was the first public analyst in England.
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Thomas Michael Greenhow MD MRCS FRCS was an English surgeon and epidemiologist.
Christopher Dye FRS, FMedSci is a biologist, epidemiologist and public health specialist. He is Professor of Epidemiology at the University of Oxford and formerly Director of Strategy at the World Health Organization.
The third cholera pandemic (1846–1860) was the third major outbreak of cholera originating in India in the 19th century that reached far beyond its borders, which researchers at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) believe may have started as early as 1837 and lasted until 1863. In the Russian Empire, more than one million people died of cholera. In 1853–1854, the epidemic in London claimed over 10,000 lives, and there were 23,000 deaths for all of Great Britain. This pandemic was considered to have the highest fatalities of the 19th-century epidemics.
The Broad Street cholera outbreak was a severe outbreak of cholera that occurred in 1854 near Broad Street in Soho, London, England, and occurred during the 1846–1860 cholera pandemic happening worldwide. This outbreak, which killed 616 people, is best known for the physician John Snow's study of its causes and his hypothesis that germ-contaminated water was the source of cholera, rather than particles in the air. This discovery came to influence public health and the construction of improved sanitation facilities beginning in the mid-19th century. Later, the term "focus of infection" started to be used to describe sites, such as the Broad Street pump, in which conditions are favourable for transmission of an infection. Snow's endeavour to find the cause of the transmission of cholera caused him to unknowingly create a double-blind experiment.
Seth Franklin Berkley is an American medical epidemiologist and a global advocate of the power of vaccines. He is the founder and former president and CEO of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) and former CEO of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. He is currently a senior advisor to the Pandemic Center at Brown University School of Public Health.
Sir Michael David Rawlins was a British clinical pharmacologist and emeritus professor at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. During his medical career he chaired several executive agencies including the Committee on Safety of Medicines from 1993 to 1998, followed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for 14 years from its formation in 1999 and then the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for six years from 2014. From 2012 to 2014 he was president of the Royal Society of Medicine.
John Gillies, was a Scottish anaesthetist, who worked at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (RIE). For gallantry as a serving soldier in WWI he was awarded the Military Cross. He founded the department of anaesthetics in the RIE and became its first director. The Gillies anaesthetic machine which he devised was the first British closed circuit anaesthetic device and was in use until the 1960s. With his colleague HWC ('Griff') Griffiths he pioneered the technique of high spinal anaesthesia to produce hypotension and 'bloodless' operating fields. Gillies anaesthetised King George VI in Buckingham Palace and was made Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) for this service. He was president of the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland from 1947 to 1950.
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The John Snow, formerly the Newcastle-upon-Tyne, is a public house in Broadwick Street, in the Soho district of the City of Westminster, part of the West End of London, and dates back to the 1870s. It is named for the British epidemiologist and anaesthetist John Snow, who identified the nearby water pump as the source of a cholera outbreak in 1854.
The Pumphandle Lecture, established in 1993, is an annual lecture held around September to celebrate the removal of the Broad Street pump handle that took place in September 1854 during the cholera epidemic in Soho. It is organised by the John Snow Society, named for John Snow, and takes place at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Julie Laraine Cliff is an Australian physician and epidemiologist known for her work in the prevention and control of infectious diseases through investigating epidemics and health policy, particularly in Mozambique, where her career spanned around 40 years. There, her investigations revealed that the re-emergence of the paralytic disease konzo in poor rural communities was caused by high levels of cyanide in insufficiently processed cassava, as a result of changes in food preparation practices due to the economic effects of war and drought.
Nicol Spence Galbraith, was a British physician, and founding director of the Central Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC).
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