John Stewart Bell Prize

Last updated

The John Stewart Bell Prize for Research on Fundamental Issues in Quantum Mechanics and their Applications (short form: Bell Prize) was established in 2009, funded and managed by the University of Toronto, Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC). [1] Named after John Stewart Bell (the physicist behind Bell's theorem, a theorem whose experimental vindication led to a Nobel Prize), it is awarded every odd-numbered year, for significant contributions relating to the foundations of quantum mechanics and to the applications of these principles – this covers, but is not limited to, quantum information theory, quantum computation, quantum foundations, quantum cryptography and quantum control. [2] The selection committee has included Gilles Brassard, Peter Zoller, Alain Aspect, John Preskill, and Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain, in addition to previous winners Sandu Popescu, Michel Devoret and Nicolas Gisin. [3]

Contents

Awarded Prizes

YearMedalists [4] AffiliationReason
2009 Nicolas Gisin Professor of Physics at the Université de Genève For his theoretical and experimental work on quantum nonlocality, quantum cryptography and quantum teleportation. [5]
2011 Sandu Popescu Professor of Physics at the University of Bristol, UKFor discoveries of stronger-than-quantum no-signaling correlations, and the application of quantum theory to thermodynamics. [6]
2013 Michel Devoret and Robert J. Schoelkopf Professors of Applied Physics at Yale University, USAFor their work on entangling superconducting qubits and microwave photons, and their application to quantum information processing. [7]
2015 Rainer Blatt Professor of Experimental Physics at University of Innsbruck, and director of Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Innsbruck, AustriaFor his works on quantum information processing with trapped ions. [8]
2017 Ronald Hanson, Sae Woo Nam, and Anton Zeilinger Delft University of Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and University of Vienna respectivelyFor "their groups’ experiments simultaneously closing the detection and locality loopholes in a violation of Bell's Inequalities". [9]
2019 Juan Ignacio Cirac and Peter Zoller Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and University of Innsbruck with IQOQI respectivelyFor "groundbreaking proposals in quantum optics and atomic physics on how to engineer quantum systems . . . and using Projected Entangled Pair States for the theoretical study of quantum many body systems". [10]
2021 John M. Martinis University of California, Santa Barbara For innovations in designing and controlling superconducting devices [11]
2024 John Preskill Professor of Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology For "developments at the interface of efficient learning and processing of quantum information in quantum computation, and following upon long standing intellectual leadership in near-term quantum computing." [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

In philosophy, the philosophy of physics deals with conceptual and interpretational issues in physics, many of which overlap with research done by certain kinds of theoretical physicists. Historically, philosophers of physics have engaged with questions such as the nature of space, time, matter and the laws that govern their interactions, as well as the epistemological and ontological basis of the theories used by practicing physicists. The discipline draws upon insights from various areas of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of science, while also engaging with the latest developments in theoretical and experimental physics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Stewart Bell</span> Northern Irish physicist (1928–1990)

John Stewart Bell FRS was a physicist from Northern Ireland and the originator of Bell's theorem, an important theorem in quantum physics regarding hidden-variable theories.

Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry dealing with how individual quanta of light, known as photons, interact with atoms and molecules. It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">E. C. George Sudarshan</span> Indian-American theoretical physicist

Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan was an Indian American theoretical physicist and a professor at the University of Texas. Prof.Sudarshan has been credited with numerous contributions to the field of theoretical physics, including Glauber–Sudarshan P representation, V-A theory, tachyons, quantum Zeno effect, open quantum system and quantum master equations, spin–statistics theorem, non-invariance groups, positive maps of density matrices, and quantum computation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anton Zeilinger</span> Austrian quantum physicist

Anton Zeilinger is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. Zeilinger is professor of physics emeritus at the University of Vienna and senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Most of his research concerns the fundamental aspects and applications of quantum entanglement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trapped-ion quantum computer</span> Proposed quantum computer implementation

A trapped-ion quantum computer is one proposed approach to a large-scale quantum computer. Ions, or charged atomic particles, can be confined and suspended in free space using electromagnetic fields. Qubits are stored in stable electronic states of each ion, and quantum information can be transferred through the collective quantized motion of the ions in a shared trap. Lasers are applied to induce coupling between the qubit states or coupling between the internal qubit states and the external motional states.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rainer Blatt</span> German-Austrian experimental physicist

Rainer Blatt is a German-Austrian experimental physicist. His research centres on the areas of quantum optics and quantum information. He and his team performed one of the first experiments to teleport atoms, the other was done at NIST in Boulder Colorado. The reports of both groups appeared back-to-back in Nature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Zoller</span> Austrian theoretical physicist

Peter Zoller is a theoretical physicist from Austria. He is professor at the University of Innsbruck and works on quantum optics and quantum information and is best known for his pioneering research on quantum computing and quantum communication and for bridging quantum optics and solid state physics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain</span> Spanish theoretical physicist

Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain, known professionally as Ignacio Cirac, is a Spanish physicist. He is one of the pioneers of the field of quantum computing and quantum information theory. He is the recipient of the 2006 Prince of Asturias Award in technical and scientific research.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">N. David Mermin</span> American physicist

Nathaniel David Mermin is a solid-state physicist at Cornell University best known for the eponymous Hohenberg–Mermin–Wagner theorem, his application of the term "boojum" to superfluidity, his textbook with Neil Ashcroft on solid-state physics, and for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum information science.

In quantum mechanics, superdeterminism is a loophole in Bell's theorem. By postulating that all systems being measured are correlated with the choices of which measurements to make on them, the assumptions of the theorem are no longer fulfilled. A hidden variables theory which is superdeterministic can thus fulfill Bell's notion of local causality and still violate the inequalities derived from Bell's theorem. This makes it possible to construct a local hidden-variable theory that reproduces the predictions of quantum mechanics, for which a few toy models have been proposed. In addition to being deterministic, superdeterministic models also postulate correlations between the state that is measured and the measurement setting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David J. Wineland</span> American physicist

David Jeffery Wineland is an American physicist at the Physical Measurement Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). His most notable contributions include the laser cooling of trapped ions and the use of ions for quantum-computing operations. He received the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Serge Haroche, for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ramamurti Shankar</span> American physicist

Ramamurti Shankar is the Josiah Willard Gibbs professor of Physics at Yale University, in New Haven, Connecticut.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Clauser</span> American physicist (born 1942)

John Francis Clauser is an American theoretical and experimental physicist known for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics, in particular the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality. Clauser was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Alain Aspect and Anton Zeilinger "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science".

Jeffrey Bub is a physicist and philosopher of physics, and Distinguished Professor in the department of philosophy, the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, and the Institute for Physical Science and Technology at the University of Maryland, College Park.

<i>Epistemological Letters</i> Quantum physics newsletter, 1973 to 1984

Epistemological Letters was a hand-typed, mimeographed "underground" newsletter about quantum physics that was distributed to a private mailing list, described by the physicist and Nobel laureate John Clauser as a "quantum subculture", between 1973 and 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sandu Popescu</span> British physicist

Sandu Popescu is a Romanian-British physicist working in the foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum information.

Shasanka Mohan Roy is an Indian quantum physicist and a Raja Ramanna fellow of the Department of Atomic Energy at the School of Physical Sciences of Jawaharlal Nehru University. He is also a former chair of the Theoretical Physics Group Committee at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. Known for developing Exact Integral Equation on pion-pion dynamics, also called Roy's equations, and his work on Bell inequalities, Roy is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies – Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, and National Academy of Sciences, India – as well as The World Academy of Sciences. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded Roy the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to Physical Sciences in 1981.

Aephraim M. Steinberg is a professor at the University of Toronto and founding member of the Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control. His work also addresses open questions in fundamental quantum mechanical concepts and historic experiments, such as mapping trajectories of photons passing though a double slit via weak measurement, or timing particles tunnelling through a barrier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wolfgang Dür</span> Austrian physicist

Wolfgang Dür is an Austrian theoretical physicist and conducts research in the field of quantum information theory and quantum communication. He is a full professor at the University of Innsbruck, Austria.

References

  1. ↑ "John Stewart Bell Prize for Research on Fundamental Issues in Quantum Mechanics and Their Applications". University of Toronto Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC). Archived from the original on 4 June 2014. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  2. ↑ "Award Rules". Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  3. ↑ "Selection Committee". cqiqc.physics.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  4. ↑ "Bell Prize Winners". cqiqc.physics.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  5. ↑ "2009 John Stewart Bell Prize". Archived from the original on 22 June 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  6. ↑ "2011 John Stewart Bell Prize". Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  7. ↑ Eric Gershon (1 August 2013). "For two Yale quantum physicists, an honor from the north". Yale News. Yale University . Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  8. ↑ "Physiker Rainer Blatt erhält Forschungspreis" [Physicist Rainer Blatt receives research prize] (in German). Österreichischer Rundfunk. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  9. ↑ "Ronald Hanson, Sae-Woo Nam and Anton Zeilinger awarded the Fifth Bell Prize". University of Toronto. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  10. ↑ "Ignacio Cirac and Peter Zoller awarded the sixth Bell Prize". cqiqc.physics.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  11. ↑ "John Martinis awarded the seventh Bell Prize". cqiqc.physics.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
  12. ↑ "Professor John Preskill awarded 8th Bell Prize". cqiqc.physics.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 10 January 2025.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.