John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility

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John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility
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Location in Colorado
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Location in United States
General information
Address6655 South County Rd 106
Town or city Alamosa, Colorado
Coordinates 37°28′10″N105°52′12″W / 37.4694°N 105.8700°W / 37.4694; -105.8700 Coordinates: 37°28′10″N105°52′12″W / 37.4694°N 105.8700°W / 37.4694; -105.8700
Inaugurated2000

The John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility is a Colorado Parks and Wildlife cold water fish production facility located near Playa Blanca State Wildlife Area and the Rio Grande in Alamosa County. [1]

Colorado Parks and Wildlife

Colorado Parks and Wildlife manages the state parks system and the wildlife of the U.S. State of Colorado. The division currently manages the 41 state parks and 307 wildlife areas of Colorado.

Fish hatchery place for artificial breeding, hatching and rearing through the early life stages of fish

A fish hatchery is a place for artificial breeding, hatching, and rearing through the early life stages of animals—finfish and shellfish in particular. Hatcheries produce larval and juvenile fish, shellfish, and crustaceans, primarily to support the aquaculture industry where they are transferred to on-growing systems, such as fish farms, to reach harvest size. Some species that are commonly raised in hatcheries include Pacific oysters, shrimp, Indian prawns, salmon, tilapia and scallops. The value of global aquaculture production is estimated to be US$98.4 billion in 2008 with China significantly dominating the market; however, the value of aquaculture hatchery and nursery production has yet to be estimated. Additional hatchery production for small-scale domestic uses, which is particularly prevalent in South-East Asia or for conservation programmes, has also yet to be quantified.

Rio Grande River forming part of the US-Mexico border

The Rio Grande is one of the principal rivers in the southwest United States and northern Mexico. The Rio Grande begins in south-central Colorado in the United States and flows to the Gulf of Mexico. Along the way, it forms part of the Mexico–United States border. According to the International Boundary and Water Commission, its total length was 1,896 miles (3,051 km) in the late 1980s, though course shifts occasionally result in length changes. Depending on how it is measured, the Rio Grande is either the fourth - or fifth-longest river system in North America.

Contents

History

John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration Facility was inaugurated in 2000. [2] Construction of the facility was funded by Great Outdoors Colorado, the Department of Natural Resources' Water Conservation Board, and the Colorado Division of Wildlife. [3] The hatchery is the first state facility nationwide built exclusively for native speecies. [4]

Mission

An overarching mission among the hatchery staff is conservation of rare aquatic native species. The facility focuses on captive propagation, genetic conservation, scientific research and public education and awareness. [5]

Conservation genetics subfield of population genetics that aims to understand the dynamics of genes in populations principally to avoid extinction

Conservation genetics is an interdisciplinary subfield of Population Genetics that aims to understand the dynamics of genes in populations principally to avoid extinction. Therefore, it applies genetic methods to the conservation and restoration of biodiversity. Researchers involved in conservation genetics come from a variety of fields including population genetics, molecular ecology, biology, evolutionary biology, and systematics. Genetic diversity is one of the three fundamental levels of biodiversity, so it is directly important in conservation. Genetic variability influences both the health and long-term survival of populations because decreased genetic diversity has been associated with reduced fitness, such as high juvenile mortality, diminished population growth, reduced immunity, and ultimately, higher extinction risk.

Fish Species

Hatchery staff works to rear 12 species of fish and one amphibian. The species they work with include bonytail chub (Federal and State Endangered), Rio Grande sucker (State Endangered), plains minnow (State Endangered), suckermouth minnow (State Endangered), Northern redbelly dace (State Endangered), southern redbelly dace (State Endangered), Arkansas darter (State Threatened), common shiner (State Threatened), Rio Grande chub (Species of Special Concern), roundtail chub (Species of Special Concern), bluehead sucker (No official state status at this time), flannelmouth sucker (No official state status at this time) and boreal toad (State Endangered). They work to maintain water quality, photoperiod, dietary needs, and appropriate spawning and habitat requirements for each species. [6]

Bonytail chub species of fish

The bonytail chub or bonytail is a cyprinid freshwater fish native to the Colorado River basin of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming in the southwestern United States; it has been extirpated from the part of the basin in Mexico. It was once abundant and widespread in the basin, its numbers and range have declined to the point where it has been listed as endangered since 1980 (ESA) and 1986 (IUCN), a fate shared by the other large Colorado basin endemic fish species like the Colorado pikeminnow, humpback chub, and razorback sucker. It is now the rarest of the endemic big-river fishes of the Colorado River. There are 20 species in the genus Gila, seven of which are found in Arizona.

The plains minnow is one of the 324 fish species found in Tennessee.

Northern redbelly dace species of fish

The northern redbelly dace is a freshwater cyprinid fish, generally found in lakes and small streams in the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. Ranging from 1-30 inches, it is one of forty-four species from the minnow and carp family of Cyprinidae in these areas.

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Virgin River river in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada in the United States

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The Dexter National Fish Hatchery & Technology Center is a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service facility dedicated to fish culture techniques for threatened and endangered fishes of the American Southwest. Located in Dexter, New Mexico, it is the only federal facility in the nation dedicated to studying and holding only threatened and endangered fish. Scientists at the Dexter facility perform life history studies and carefully analyze fish genetics while maintaining a refuge for 16 imperiled fish species. Dexter National Fish Hatchery was established in 1931, to satisfy demands for game fish throughout the Southwest. New laws brought changes to the hatchery in the 1970s.

The Mora National Fish Hatchery and Technology Center is one of seven federal fish hatchery technology centers in the United States. Located in Mora County, New Mexico, on State Route 434, it is mainly involved in the restoration and recovery of the threatened Gila trout, a fish found only in the upper headwaters of the Gila River in New Mexico and Arizona.. Formal cooperative agreements between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and New Mexico Game and Fish call for the Mora hatchery to also establish a brood stock of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and provide fish culture training to other biologists. The Mora hatchery also works to conserve the bonytail chub. The hatchery accepts a limited number of volunteers to assist in conservation activities.

Rio Grande cutthroat trout subspecies of fish

The Rio Grande cutthroat trout, a member of the family Salmonidae, is found in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado in tributaries of the Rio Grande.,

Yaqui chub species of fish

The Yaqui chub is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in northern Mexico and the United States. The Yaqui chub is a medium-sized minnow fish that historically occurred in streams of Rios Matape, Sonora, and the Yaqui systems of Sonora, Mexico. It is one of the five species of the genus Gila in Arizona. The Yaqui chub is closely related to G. ditaenia, and G. orcutti ; and shares several physical characteristics with the G. orcutti, but proves different by having a black wedge near the base of the caudal fin.

The Tennessee dace is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in the United States; particularly in northeast Tennessee and southwest Virginia, and parts of extreme northwest Georgia. Until recently, they were considered a subspecies of mountain redbelly dace. They are commonly found in East Tennessee in spring fed first-order streams, often in silt and fine gravel pools, or undercut banks. These streams usually do not exceed two meters in width.

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The life zones of West Virginia allow for a diversity of habitats for fauna, varying from large lowland farming valleys bordered with forest and meadow to highland ridge flats and heavy forestland, some with rocky ridge-line peaks. The "Mountain State" harbors at least 56 species and subspecies of mammals. The state has more than 300 types of birds and more than 100 species of fish.

Willow Beach is located on the Arizona side of the Colorado River between Lake Mead and Lake Mohave. Both Lake Mead and Lake Mohave are part of the Lake Mead National Recreation Area administered by the U.S. National Park Service.

Durango Fish Hatchery

The Durango Fish Hatchery is a Colorado Parks and Wildlife cold water fish production facility located near the Animas River in Durango, Colorado. The hatchery staff raise rainbow, brown, Snake River and native cutthroat trout, and kokanee salmon.

Finger Rock Rearing Unit

The Finger Rock Rearing Unit is a Colorado Parks and Wildlife cold water fish production facility located near Bear River in Routt County at the base of Flat Tops Wilderness Area.

Glenwood Springs Hatchery

The Glenwood Springs Hatchery is a Colorado Parks and Wildlife cold water fish production facility located on Mitchell Creek near the Colorado River in Garfield County, which is 2 miles north of West Glenwood Springs.

Pitkin Hatchery

The Pitkin Hatchery is a Colorado Parks and Wildlife cold water fish production facility located in Gunnison National Forest right off of Quartz Creek Valley in Gunnison County.

Wray Fish Hatchery

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References

  1. ↑ "Fish Hatcheries". cpw.state.co.us. Colorado Parks & Wildlife.
  2. ↑ Wiltzius, William. "Fish Culture and Stocking in Colorado, 1872-1978" (PDF). Native Fish Lab. Colorado Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  3. ↑ "John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration..." cpw.state.co.us. Colorado Parks and Wildlife.
  4. ↑ Schnoor, Dave (18 August 2005). "Day 2: Thursday, 18 August 2005: Colorado Aquatic Species Restoration Program". Endangered Species Act Congressional Field Tour. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  5. ↑ "John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration..." cpw.state.co.us. Colorado Parks and Wildlife.
  6. ↑ "John W. Mumma Native Aquatic Species Restoration..." cpw.state.co.us. Colorado Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
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