52°28′20″N1°55′09″W / 52.4722°N 1.9192°W | |
Location | Five Ways, Birmingham, England |
---|---|
Designer | John Thomas |
Completion date | 4 June 1862 |
Restored date | 2006–2007 |
Dedicated to | Joseph Sturge |
The Joseph Sturge memorial is a memorial to the English Quaker, abolitionist and activist Joseph Sturge (1793–1859) was unveiled before a crowd of 12,000 people on 4 June 1862 at Five Ways, Birmingham, England, near his former home. [1] The statue has been grade II listed since 8 June 1982. [1] [2] [3]
Standing at the boundary between Birmingham and Edgbaston, it was sculpted by John Thomas, whom Sir Charles Barry had employed as stone and wood carver on the former King Edward's Grammar School at Five Ways. He died before completing the memorial, [1] which cost £1000. [3] Some time around 1975, the figure of Sturge's left hand fell off. [3] [4]
Sturge is posed as if he were teaching, with his right hand resting on a Bible [1] to indicate his strong Christian faith. He wears a lapel-less coat of a style favoured by contemporary Quakers. [2] Lower on the plinth, he is flanked by two female allegorical figures: one representing Peace holds a dove and an olive branch, with a lamb at her feet, symbolic of innocence; and the other, Charity, offers comfort and succour to two Afro-Caribbean infants, recalling the fight and victory over slavery. [1] [3] Around the crown of the plinth are inscribed the words "Charity, Temperance and Peace" (the word "Temperance" is on a gadrooned basin, which used to dispense drinking water [3] ), as well as Sturge's name and his date of death. The figures and pedestal (still the original) are in Portland stone. [1] [3]
In 1925 the monument was moved a short distance, to its current position, [3] and a bronze plaque was affixed to the memorial to tell passers-by more about its subject. The inscription reads (all in capitals; punctuation added for readability):
He laboured to bring freedom to the Negro slave, the vote to British workmen, and the promise of peace to a war-torn world.
In 2006–2007 the Birmingham Civic Society, Birmingham City Council, and the Sturge family restored the statue for the 200th anniversary of the Slave Trade Act of 1807. This included the provision of a replacement for the missing hand. [2]
On 24 March 2007, the city held a civic ceremony to formally rededicate the statue. The Lord Mayor of Birmingham, councillor Mike Sharpe, unveiled a new interpretation board giving details of Sturge's life. The work is now in the care of Birmingham City Council. [3]
Chamberlain Square or Chamberlain Place is a public square in central Birmingham, England, named after statesman and notable mayor of Birmingham, Joseph Chamberlain. The Victorian square was drastically remodelled in the 1970s, with most of the Victorian buildings demolished and the construction of the Brutalist Central Library. Re-landscaping occurred most recently when the square was closed to the public for five years until March 2021 for remodelling as part of the Paradise scheme.
Joseph Sturge was an English Quaker, abolitionist and activist. He founded the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. He worked throughout his life in Radical political actions supporting pacifism, working-class rights, and the universal emancipation of slaves. In the late 1830s, he published two books about the apprenticeship system in Jamaica, which helped persuade the British Parliament to adopt an earlier full emancipation date. In Jamaica, Sturge also helped found Free Villages with the Baptists, to provide living quarters for freed slaves; one was named Sturge Town in his memory.
Five Ways is an area of Central Birmingham, England. It takes its name from a major road junction, now a busy roundabout to the south-west of the city centre which lies at the outward end of Broad Street, where the Birmingham Middle ring road crosses the start of the A456.
Birmingham Civic Society is a voluntary body in Birmingham, England, and is registered with the Civic Trust.
Free Villages is the term used for Caribbean settlements, particularly in Jamaica, founded in the 1830s and 1840s with land for freedmen independent of the control of plantation owners and other major estates. The concept was initiated by English Baptist missionaries in Jamaica, who raised funds in Great Britain to buy land to be granted to freedmen after emancipation. The planters had vowed not to sell any land to freedmen after slavery was finally abolished in the Empire in 1838; they wanted to retain freedmen as agricultural workers. The Free Villages were often founded around a Baptist church, and missionaries worked to found schools as well in these settlements.
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Media related to Joseph Sturge memorial at Wikimedia Commons