A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation entails processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservative food additives reduce the risk of foodborne infections, decrease microbial spoilage, and preserve fresh attributes and nutritional quality. Some physical techniques for food preservation include dehydration, UV-C radiation, freeze-drying, and refrigeration. Chemical preservation and physical preservation techniques are sometimes combined.
A mesophile is an organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, with an optimum growth range from 20 to 45 °C. The optimum growth temperature for these organisms is 37 °C. The term is mainly applied to microorganisms. Organisms that prefer extreme environments are known as extremophiles. Mesophiles have diverse classifications, belonging to two domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and to kingdom Fungi of domain Eucarya. Mesophiles belonging to the domain Bacteria can either be gram-positive or gram-negative. Oxygen requirements for mesophiles can be aerobic or anaerobic. There are three basic shapes of mesophiles: coccus, bacillus, and spiral.
Zoologica Scripta is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal on systematic zoology, published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It was established in 1972. The editor-in-chief since 2023 is Lutz Bachmann. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.140, ranking it 12th out of 174 journals in the category "Zoology".
Meat floss, also known as pork or yuk sung, is a dried meat product with a light and fluffy texture similar to coarse cotton, originating from China.
A vacuum furnace is a type of furnace in which the product in the furnace is surrounded by a vacuum during processing. The absence of air or other gases prevents oxidation, heat loss from the product through convection, and removes a source of contamination. This enables the furnace to heat materials to temperatures as high as 3,000 °C (5,432 °F) with select materials. Maximum furnace temperatures and vacuum levels depend on melting points and vapor pressures of heated materials. Vacuum furnaces are used to carry out processes such as annealing, brazing, sintering and heat treatment with high consistency and low contamination.
Oleuropein is a glycosylated seco-iridoid, a type of phenolic bitter compound found in green olive skin, flesh, seeds, and leaves. The term oleuropein is derived from the botanical name of the olive tree, Olea europaea.
The European Journal of Philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy published quarterly by Wiley-Blackwell. It was established by Mark Sacks in 1993 and the current editor-in-chief is Joseph K. Schear.
Puerarin, one of several known isoflavones, is found in a number of plants and herbs, such as the root of the kudzu plant
The Journal of Agrarian Change is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 2001 covering agrarian political economy. The journal publishes historical and contemporary studies of the social relations and dynamics of production, power relations in agrarian formations and ownership structures and their processes of change.
The Journal of Food Biochemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on the effects of handling, storage, and processing on the biochemical aspects of food. It was established in 1977 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. The journal moved to online-only publication in 2011.
The Journal of Food Quality is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research "on the handling of food from a quality and sensory perspective." It was established in 1977 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. The journal moved to online-only publication in 2011.
The Journal of Food Safety is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on microbial food safety. It was established in 1977 and is currently published by Wiley-Blackwell. The journal moved to online-only publication in 2011. The editor-in-chief is Vivian C.H. Wu.
The Journal of Sensory Studies is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on "human reactions to basic tastes on foods, beverages, wine, liquor/beer, the environment, medications, and other human exposures in every day life". It is published by Wiley-Blackwell in collaboration with the Society of Sensory Professionals.
The Journal of Texture Studies is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on the texture and sensory perception of food and other consumer products. In 2011 the journal redefined its scope to better reflect the broadening and increasingly interdisciplinary nature of texture and sensory perception research. The journal was established in 1969 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell.
Charles Brennan is a professor of food science at RMIT University where he is the dean of the School of Science. He previously worked at Lincoln University as a member of the Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences.
Puffcorn or corn puffs are puffed or extruded corn snacks made with corn meal, which can be baked or fried.
Cooking oil is a plant or animal liquid fat used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking. Oil allows higher cooking temperatures than water, making cooking faster and more flavorful, while likewise distributing heat, reducing burning and uneven cooking. It sometimes imparts its own flavor. Cooking oil is also used in food preparation and flavoring not involving heat, such as salad dressings and bread dips.
Glossostemon bruguieri or Dombeya arabica is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a shrub with thick long tapering dark colored roots with 70–100 cm in length and 5–8 cm in breadth, found in Yemen, Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Morocco. The dried peeled roots of G. bruguieri are called in Egypt and Arab countries. The roots are commonly used in traditional medicine for many nutritional and medicinal values.
Ethology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by John Wiley & Sons. The journal is associated with the Ethologische Gesellschaft and the current editor-in-chief is Wolfgang Goymann. Previous editors-in-chief were Wolfgang Wickler, Michael Taborsky, and Jutta Schneider with Susan Foster.
Rosine Jozef Perelberg is a Brazilian-born British psychoanalyst. She served as president of the British Psychoanalytical Society between 2019 and 2022. Perelberg won The Sigourney Award in 2023, awarded to recognise outstanding work that advances psychoanalytic thought worldwide.
