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Osteopathy is a type of pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine that emphasizes physical manipulation of the body's muscle tissue and bones. In most countries, practitioners of osteopathy are not medically trained and are referred to as osteopaths.
Kirksville is the county seat and most populous city in Adair County, Missouri. Located in Benton Township, its population was 17,530 at the 2020 census. Kirksville is home to two colleges: Truman State University and A.T. Still University.
Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States that promotes the practice of science-based medicine, often referred to in this context as allopathic medicine, with a set of philosophy and principles set by its earlier form, osteopathy. Osteopathic physicians (DOs) are graduates of American osteopathic medical colleges and are licensed to practice the full scope of medicine and surgery in all 50 US states; they have historically applied for medical licensure in 87 countries outside of the United States, 85 of which provided them with the full scope of medical and surgical practice. The field is distinct from osteopathic practices offered in nations outside of the U.S., whose practitioners are generally not considered part of core medical staff nor of medicine itself, but rather are alternative medicine practitioners. The other major branch of medicine in the United States is referred to by practitioners of osteopathic medicine as allopathic medicine.
Andrew Taylor Still, MD, DO was the founder of osteopathic medicine. He was also a physician and surgeon, author, inventor and Kansas territorial and state legislator. He was one of the founders of Baker University, the oldest four-year college in the state of Kansas, and was the founder of the American School of Osteopathy, the world's first osteopathic medical school, in Kirksville, Missouri.
The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) is the representative member organization for the more than 176,000 osteopathic medical doctors (D.O.s) and osteopathic medical students in the United States. The AOA is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, and is involved in post-graduate training for osteopathic physicians. Beginning in 2015, it began accrediting post-graduate education as a committee within the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, creating a unified accreditation system for all DOs and MDs in the United States. The organization promotes public health, encourages academic scientific research, serves as the primary certifying body for D.O.s overseeing 18 certifying boards, and is the accrediting agency for osteopathic medical schools through its Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation. As of October 2015, the AOA no longer owns the Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP), which accredited hospitals and other health care facilities.
Summerfield Saunders Still (1851–1931), nephew of Andrew Taylor Still, was an osteopath and founder of a school of osteopathy. Still and his wife Ella Daugherty married in 1891 and had two children, Persus (Percy) who became a surgeon, and Christina.
The American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) is a non-profit organization that supports the 40 accredited colleges of osteopathic medicine (COMs) in the United States. These colleges are accredited to deliver instruction at 64 teaching locations in 35 states. In the current academic year, these colleges are educating more than 35,000 future physicians—25 percent of all U.S. medical students. Seven of the colleges are public and 33 are private institutions.
James J. McGovern is an American academic, who served as president of A.T. Still University (ATSU) from 1997 to 2008. He was also a professor in the university's Department of Family Medicine and Community Health.
Kansas City University (KCU) is a private medical school with its main campus in Kansas City, Missouri and an additional campus in Joplin, Missouri. Founded in 1916, KCU is one of the original osteopathic medical schools in the United States. It consists of both a College of Osteopathic Medicine and a College of Biosciences. KCU is one of the largest medical schools in the nation by enrollment.
Most physicians in the United States hold either the Doctor of Medicine degree (MD) or the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree (DO). Institutions awarding the MD are accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME). Institutions awarding the DO are accredited by the Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation (COCA). The World Directory of Medical Schools lists both LCME accredited MD programs and COCA accredited DO programs as US medical schools. Foreign-trained osteopaths do not hold DO degrees and are not recognized as physicians in the United States or in other jurisdictions.
Journal of Osteopathic Medicine (JOM) is a monthly peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by the American Osteopathic Association. The journal primarily publishes original research publications and editorial articles. The editor-in-chief is Ross Zafonte. Founded in 1901, the journal was known as the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association until January 2021, when it adopted its current name.
A.T. Still University (ATSU) is a private medical school based in Kirksville, Missouri, with a second campus in Arizona and third campus in Santa Maria, California. It was founded in 1892 by Andrew Taylor Still and was the world's first osteopathic medical school. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. ATSU includes three campuses on 200 acres with seven schools and colleges.
Sigma Sigma Phi, is the national osteopathic medicine honors fraternity for medical students training to be Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.). The National Osteopathic Medicine Honors Fraternity is a group united in the interest of preserving the highest class of medical scholastic excellence and includes community service.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine is a medical degree conferred by the 38 osteopathic medical schools in the United States. DO and Doctor of Medicine (MD) degrees are equivalent: a DO graduate may become licensed as a physician or surgeon and thus have full medical and surgical practicing rights in all 50 US states. As of 2021, there were 168,701 osteopathic physicians and medical students in DO programs across the United States. Osteopathic medicine emerged historically from osteopathy, but has become a distinct profession.
Phi Chi (ΦΧ) is one of the oldest and largest international medical fraternities of its kind in the world. Phi Chi evolved from the merging of two professional medical fraternities bearing the same name. Phi Chi Society was founded on March 31, 1889, at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Phi Chi Medical Fraternity was founded on October 26, 1894, at the Louisville Medical College, Louisville, Ky. These two organizations did not know that they shared a similar name when they were founded. On March 5, 1905, in Burlington, Vt., Phi Chi Society and Phi Chi Medical Fraternity, Inc., were consolidated taking the name Phi Chi Medical Fraternity, Inc.
Craig M. Phelps is the president and provost of A.T. Still University, a professional health science school located in Kirksville, Missouri, and Mesa, Arizona. As provost, Dr. Phelps oversees the A.T. Still University School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Arizona School of Health Sciences and the Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health. Phelps graduated medical school from A.T. Still University KCOM in 1984. Dr. Phelps is the recipient of the 2006 KOAA Distinguished Service Award, ATSU’s George Windsor Award in 2007, and Health Care Heroes Finalist in 2008. Also in 2008 he was a Living Tribute Award Recipient.
The Student Osteopathic Medical Association (SOMA) is a national, not-for-profit osteopathic medical organization founded to ensure a high quality of education for osteopathic medical students, to promote unity within the osteopathic medical profession, and to improve the delivery of healthcare byDoctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) SOMA is the student affiliate organization of the American Osteopathic Association and works with all chapters to foster communication between government at the local and national levels and the osteopathic medical profession.
Jenette H. Bolles, also known as Nettie Bolles, was an American medical doctor. She was the first woman to study and have a career as an osteopath and the first osteopath in the state of Colorado. She held a number of positions in the medical field and was a suffragette.
Alpha Tau Sigma (ΑΤΣ) was a professional medical fraternity that ceased operations in 1964.
The Kirksville Osteopaths were a minor league baseball team based in Kirksville, Missouri. In 1911, the Osteopaths played as members of the short–lived Class D level Missouri State League. Kirksville was home to the Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine in the era, reflected in the team name.
References
- 1 2 3 Emmons Rutledge Booth (1905). History of Osteopathy: And Twentieth-century Medical Practice. Press of Jennings and Graham. pp. 286–287.
The Journal of Osteopathy was the first regular publication in the interest of the new science. it has always been published by the American School of Osteopathy at Kirksville, Missouri. Its purpose was to disseminate a knowledge of Osteopathy for the information of the people and to supply the needs of a school journal. Dr. Still has been one of its principal contributors, and many of his best thoughts have been given to the profession and to the public through its columns. The first issue appeared in May, 1894, and it has been published regularly every month since, except for September, 1897. Its editors have been Dr. Nettie H. Bolles…
- ↑ Strausman, Jeanne. "LibGuides: Osteopathic Medicine: Journals". libguides.nyit.edu. Retrieved July 8, 2018.