| T 19 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| T 19 circa 1922 | |
| Role | Training and touring |
| National origin | Germany |
| Manufacturer | Junkers Flugzeug Werke AG |
| First flight | 14 July 1922 |
| Number built | 3? |
The Junkers T 19, originally known as the J 19, was a single-engined parasol winged all-metal 2/3-seat aircraft built in Germany in the early 1920s for training and touring. Its construction was too expensive for commercial success and only three were built, one later finding use as an engine test-bed.
The Junkers T 19 was the first of three Junkers aircraft aimed at the private market; because of the high construction costs of all-metal light planes compared to their canvas covered contemporaries, none was successful. It was built mostly from duralumin with a tubular-membered frame covered by corrugated sheet. [1]
The wing was a cantilever structure, without the lift struts to mid wing seen on most parasol winged aircraft. It had a constant chord centre section with outboard taper on both leading and trailing edges. The ailerons were short and wide chord, with curved trailing edges that projected beyond that of the wing. [2] Four sets of V and inverted-V struts attached the wing to the upper fuselage longerons. [1]
The tapered fuselage was flat sided, with a long open cockpit reaching from leading to trailing edge. The pilot sat at the front immediately behind the engine. Seats for one or two passengers could be fitted in the rear with access via a triangular shaped starboard side door. The tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage and carried horn balanced elevators. The combination of a triangular fin and straight edged rudder, which extended down to the bottom of the fuselage in a cut out between the elevators, gave the vertical surface a rather pointed look. The main undercarriage legs, with prominent shock absorbers, were mounted on the upper fuselage longerons. Two bracing struts reached forward to the lower fuselage below the engine and the wheels were linked by a hinged axle centrally mounted to the lower fuselage with further struts. [1] [2]
The T 19 first flew on 14 July 1922, [1] powered by a 55 hp (41 kW) Siemens-Halske Sh 4 5-cylinder radial engine. [3] Two more T 19s were flown, one with a 77 hp (57 kW) 7-cylinder Sh 5 engine and the other with a 110 hp (82 kW) 9-cylinder Sh 12. [1] [3] The second T 19 was used as an engine test bed and was the first aircraft to fly with Junkers' first flight petrol engine, the air-cooled 75 hp (56 kW) 6-cylinder inline L1 of 1921. [1] [4] It also flew [2] with a 1926 Armstrong Siddeley Genet. [5] The third T 19 was sold to India. [1]
Data from Turner & Nowarra 1971 p.24
General characteristics
Performance
The Civilian Coupé is a British, single-engined two-seat private monoplane built starting in 1929. Only five were made, and it was the Civilian Aircraft Company's only product, but one still flies in the UK.
The Robinson Redwing was a British two-seat single-engined biplane light aircraft built in the UK in 1930. Twelve were produced, selling mostly to Clubs; one aircraft survives.
The Parnall Imp was an unusual single-engined, two-seat British biplane built in 1927. It had a straight cantilever lower wing which supported the markedly swept upper wing. Only one was built.
The Parnall Parasol was an experimental parasol winged aircraft design to measure the aerodynamic forces on wings in flight. Two were built and flown in the early 1930s in the UK.
The Junkers T 23 was a two-seat, single-engined experimental training aircraft, built in Germany in the early 1920s. It could be configured either as a parasol winged monoplane or as a biplane to compare handling characteristics. 4 were constructed.
The Junkers J 29 was a two-seat, single-engined experimental training monoplane, built in Germany in 1925. Its significance is that it was the first aircraft to fly and test the Junkers Doppelflügel control surfaces used very successfully on the later Junkers Ju 52.
The Tachihi R-53 was amongst the first aircraft built in Japan after the relaxation of the ban imposed at the end of World War II. It is a parasol-wing, two seat, training aircraft powered by a British engine. Only one was produced.
The Pander P-1 and P-2 were close to-identical single engine Dutch sports aircraft with tandem seats and a parasol wing, first flying in 1929. Only two were built.
The Koolhoven F.K.44 was a two-seat, single engine sport monoplane designed and built in the Netherlands in the early 1930s. It was built to order, but only one was completed.
The Salmson-Béchereau SB-5 was a two-seat fighter aircraft built for a French government programme in 1925. Despite a powerful engine it did not perform well and only one was built.
The SEA.1 was a Belgian, multi-purpose, light twin engine monoplane flown in 1936. Only one was built; it was later converted into a single engine aircraft and used by the military.
The Hanriot H.34 was a basic trainer designed in France in 1924 which did not reach production. It was a parasol wing aircraft, seating two in tandem.
The Grulich S.1 was a German parasol monoplane with a cantilever wing, built in the mid 1920s. It seated two and offered a choice between two engines.
The Morane-Saulnier MS.152 was a French multi-purpose aircraft built in 1928. It did not go into production.
The Bourgois-Sénémaud AT was a parasol wing, two seat touring aircraft built in France in 1928. Three examples were completed.
The Medwecki and Nowakowski M.N.5 was an economical Polish trainer aircraft initially aimed at the club market, though there was also some military interest. It performed well but lacked a constructor after Samolot became insolvent in 1930, so only one was completed.
The Ostrovia II or Moryson II was a 1930s Polish club trainer aircraft, a development of the Ostrovia I. Only one was built and was used by the Poznań flying club for five years.
The LKL IV and LKL V were a pair of very similar Polish parasol wing two-seaters, built in the early 1930s. They differed primarily in their engines.
The Sido S.1 was a Polish two seat, parasol wing trainer aircraft, first flown in 1930.
The Pacer Monoplane was a parasol wing, four seat, light aircraft, flown and produced in the US in the late 1920s.
