Related Research Articles
Psychology is the study of mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans,both conscious and unconscious phenomena,and mental processes such as thoughts,feelings,and motives. Psychology is an academic discipline of immense scope,crossing the boundaries between the natural and social sciences. Biological psychologists seek an understanding of the emergent properties of brains,linking the discipline to neuroscience. As social scientists,psychologists aim to understand the behavior of individuals and groups.
Judith Rich Harris was an American psychology researcher and the author of The Nurture Assumption,a book criticizing the belief that parents are the most important factor in child development,and presenting evidence which contradicts that belief. Harris was a resident of Middletown Township,New Jersey.
Self-determination theory (SDT) is a macro theory of human motivation and personality that concerns people's innate growth tendencies and innate psychological needs. It pertains to the motivation behind people's choices in the absence of external influences and distractions. SDT focuses on the degree to which human behavior is self-motivated and self-determined.
Personality development encompasses the dynamic construction and deconstruction of integrative characteristics that distinguish an individual in terms of interpersonal behavioral traits. Personality development is ever-changing and subject to contextual factors and life-altering experiences. Personality development is also dimensional in description and subjective in nature. That is,personality development can be seen as a continuum varying in degrees of intensity and change. It is subjective in nature because its conceptualization is rooted in social norms of expected behavior,self-expression,and personal growth. The dominant viewpoint in personality psychology indicates that personality emerges early and continues to develop across one's lifespan. Adult personality traits are believed to have a basis in infant temperament,meaning that individual differences in disposition and behavior appear early in life,potentially before language of conscious self-representation develop. The Five Factor Model of personality maps onto the dimensions of childhood temperament. This suggests that individual differences in levels of the corresponding personality traits are present from young ages.
Paul B. Baltes was a German psychologist whose broad scientific agenda was devoted to establishing and promoting the life-span orientation of human development. He was also a theorist in the field of the psychology of aging. He has been described by American Psychologist as one of the most influential developmental psychologists.
Carol Susan Dweck is an American psychologist. She holds the Lewis and Virginia Eaton Professorship of Psychology at Stanford University. Dweck is known for her work on motivation and mindset. She was on the faculty at the University of Illinois,Harvard,and Columbia before joining the Stanford University faculty in 2004. She was named an Association for Psychological Science (APS) James McKeen Cattell Fellow in 2013,an APS Mentor Awardee in 2019,and an APS William James Fellow in 2020,and has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2012.
Positive adult development is a subfield of developmental psychology that studies positive development during adulthood. It is one of four major forms of adult developmental study that can be identified,according to Michael Commons;the other three forms are directionless change,stasis,and decline. Commons divided positive adult developmental processes into at least six areas of study:hierarchical complexity,knowledge,experience,expertise,wisdom,and spirituality.
Adult development encompasses the changes that occur in biological and psychological domains of human life from the end of adolescence until the end of one's life. Changes occur at the cellular level and are partially explained by biological theories of adult development and aging. Biological changes influence psychological and interpersonal/social developmental changes,which are often described by stage theories of human development. Stage theories typically focus on "age-appropriate" developmental tasks to be achieved at each stage. Erik Erikson and Carl Jung proposed stage theories of human development that encompass the entire life span,and emphasized the potential for positive change very late in life.
Nora S. Newcombe is the Laura H. Carnell Professor of Psychology and the James H. Glackin Distinguished Faculty Fellow at Temple University. She is a Canadian-American researcher in cognitive development,cognitive psychology and cognitive science,and expert on the development of spatial thinking and reasoning and episodic memory. She was the principal investigator of the Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center (2006-2018),one of six Science of Learning Centers funded by the National Science Foundation.
Klaus F. Riegel was professor of psychology at the University of Michigan from 1959 to 1977. His research and theory contributions encompassed psycholinguistics,gerontology,developmental psychology,and dialectical psychology. Riegel edited the international journal Human Development from 1970 to 1977. In 1975,the Gerontological Society of America presented Riegel with the Robert W. Kleemeier Award for outstanding research in the field of gerontology.
Fredda Blanchard-Fields was a professor of psychology at the Georgia Institute of Technology's School of Psychology. As director of the "School of Psychology’s Adult Development Laboratory",Blanchard-Fields led research efforts that address social-cognitive processes in everyday life,from adolescence to older adulthood. Recognizing that a great deal of psychological research has focused on ways in which cognitive abilities in adulthood decline with older age,Blanchard-Fields,as a gerontologist,and her colleagues focused on investigating domains in which adults continue to grow and develop throughout the lifespan and contribute to their competence in the social realm.
Ursula M. Staudinger is a German psychologist and researcher of aging. She is the rector of the Technical University of Dresden (TUD). She was Professor of Sociomedical Sciences and Professor of Psychology at the Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. Between 2013 and 2017 Staudinger was the founding director of the Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center and president of the affiliated International Longevity Center.
Aging has a significant impact on society. People of different ages and gender tend to differ in many aspects,such as legal and social responsibilities,outlooks on life,and self-perceptions. Young people tend to have fewer legal privileges,they are more likely to push for political and social change,to develop and adopt new technologies,and to need education. Older people have different requirements from society and government,and frequently have differing values as well,such as for property and pension rights. Older people are also more likely to vote,and in many countries the young are forbidden from voting. Thus,the aged have comparatively more,or at least different,political influence.
Laura L. Carstensen is the Fairleigh S. Dickinson Jr. Professor in Public Policy and professor of psychology at Stanford University,where she is founding director of the Stanford Center on Longevity and the principal investigator for the Stanford Life-span Development Laboratory. Carstensen is best known in academia for socioemotional selectivity theory,which has illuminated developmental changes in social preferences,emotional experience and cognitive processing from early adulthood to advanced old age. By examining postulates of socioemotional selectivity theory,Carstensen and her colleagues identified and developed the conceptual basis of the positivity effect.
Mary Klevjord Rothbart is professor emerita of psychology at the University of Oregon. She is known for her research in the fields of temperament and social development,emotional development,and development of attention. She was a co-founder of Birth to Three,a parent support and education program. She has written over 159 articles related to educational psychology,developmental psychology,developmental cognitive neuroscience and biological psychology. Rothbart has also authored and co-authored many books,including Becoming Who We Are,for which she received the Eleanor Maccoby Book Award from the American Psychological Association. Two other popular volumes by Rothbart are Temperament,a Handbook of Child Psychology,and Attention in Early Development:Themes and Variations.
Robyn Fivush is the Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Psychology and Director of the Institute for the Liberal Arts at Emory University,College of Arts and Sciences in Atlanta,Georgia. She is well known for her research on parent-child narrative in relation to the development of autobiographical memory. Fivush is affiliated with the Departments of Psychology and Women's Studies at Emory.
The Paul B. Baltes lecture is held annually by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. The lectures commenced in 2008 and are named after Paul Baltes,the German developmental psychologist.
Jacob "Jacky" Lomranz is a professor emeritus at The School of Psychological Sciences at Tel Aviv University. He was a former head of the M.A. program for clinical-gerontological psychology at the Ruppin Academic Center.
Margie E. Lachman is an American psychologist. She is the Minnie and Harold Fierman Professor of Psychology at Brandeis University,director of the Lifespan Developmental Psychology Lab and the director of the Boston Roybal Center for Active Lifestyle Interventions. She was editor of the Journal of Gerontology:Psychological Sciences (2000-2003),and has edited two volumes on midlife development. She is a fellow of the American Psychological Association,Division 20 and the Gerontological Society of America. Lachman's research is in the area of lifespan development with a focus on midlife and later life. Her current work is aimed at identifying psychosocial and behavioral factors that can protect against,minimize,or compensate for declines in cognition and health. She is conducting studies to examine long-term predictors of psychological and physical health,laboratory-based experiments to identify psychological and physiological processes involved in aging-related changes,especially in memory,and intervention studies to enhance performance and promote adaptive functioning through active engagement and physical activity.
Susan Krauss Whitbourne is a developmental clinical psychologist known for her work on personality and identity over the lifespan. She holds the position of professor emerita of psychology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Jutta Heckhausen – UCI School of Social Ecology". faculty.sites.uci.edu. Retrieved 2019-10-13.
- 1 2 Heckhausen, Jutta; Schulz, Richard (1995). "A life-span theory of control". Psychological Review. 102 (2): 284–304. doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.2.284. ISSN 0033-295X. PMID 7740091.
- ↑ Why people do the things they do : building on Julius Kuhl's contributions to the psychology of motivation and volition. Koole, Sander L., 1971-, Baumann, Nicola, 1966-,, Kazén, Miguel, 1952-,, Quirin, Markus R., 1974-. Toronto. 2017. ISBN 978-0-88937-540-6. OCLC 983482145.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ "Jutta Heckhausen Biosketch | Laboratory on Life-Span Development and Motivation". sites.uci.edu. Retrieved 2019-10-13.
- 1 2 3 "Jutta Heckhausen Curriculum Vitae". UCI School of Social Ecology. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
- ↑ "Board of Trustees". www.lifbi.de. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
- ↑ "Motivation and Action by Jutta Heckhausen". Boomerang Books. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ↑ "Margret M. and Paul B. Baltes Foundation". www.margret-baltes-stiftung.de. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ↑ "Gerontology News, June 2020". Issuu. June 2020. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
- ↑ "Celebration of Teaching – 2019 – Division of Teaching Excellence and Innovation | UCI" . Retrieved 2019-12-09.
- ↑ "Chancellor's Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate Research". www.urop.uci.edu. Retrieved 2019-12-03.
- ↑ "Laboratory on Life-Span Development and Motivation | Jutta Heckhausen Ph.D." sites.uci.edu. Retrieved 2019-11-10.
- ↑ Heckhausen, Jutta; Heckhausen, Heinz, eds. (2018). Motivation and Action. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-65094-4. ISBN 9783319650937.
- ↑ Schulz, Richard; Heckhausen, Jutta (1996). "A life span model of successful aging". American Psychologist. 51 (7): 702–714. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.51.7.702. ISSN 1935-990X. PMID 8694390. S2CID 8725915.
- ↑ Heckhausen, Jutta; Wrosch, Carsten; Schulz, Richard (2010). "A motivational theory of life-span development". Psychological Review. 117 (1): 32–60. doi:10.1037/a0017668. ISSN 1939-1471. PMC 2820305 . PMID 20063963.
