Kaathib Thayyil Mohammed Kutty Musliyar, popularly known as K. M. Moulavi or K. M. Maulavi, was an Indian religious Leader. He was a leader of the Muslim League [1] and Islahi Movement from Malabar district. He was a religious scholar who promoted modern education, the Malayalam language, and Muslim women's education. He worked to uplift the Mappila community after the Malabar rebellion. [2] [3] [4]
Maulavi was the founding leader of Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangham (1922), founding president of Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen (1950) and founding vice president of Indian Union Muslim League (1948) Malabar district committee.
Maulavi was born in 1886 near Tirurangadi, a municipal town in Malapuram. He was educated by his parents, Thayyil Kunhi Moitheen and Ayisha, who were known for religious scholarship.
He studied under Chalilakath Kunahmed Haji, a prominent scholar at Vazhakkad Darul Uloom Arabic college. Vazhakkad Darul Uloom Arabic college is the first Arabic college in Kerala. [5] While studying there with Chalilakath Kunahmed Haji and serving as a scribe, he earned the name Kaathib.
Maulavi was a leader of the Malabar Khilafath committee. He organized Khilafath meetings from 20 November 1920 in Kondotty to 15 January 1921 in Kozhikkode, in Ernad, Valluvanad, Kozhikkode and Ponnani Taluk, [6] with the intention of inviting the Muslim masses into the Indian national movement.
On 2 February 1921 he served as a founding member and leader of Kerala Majlisul Ulama, Kerala faction of Majlis-ul-Ulama'e Hind along with E. Moidu Moulavi. In the Arabic book Mahakal Khilafat Dismil Khalifa, He urged Mappila Muslims to seek a peaceful resolution to their grievances. When the Malabar protest devolved into armed struggle, he continued to advise the necessity of a peaceful protest. [7]
British police issued an arrest warrant for Maulavi after the Malabar rebellion, but he moved to Kodungallur and lived there for about 11 years. Kottappurath Seethi Mohammed Sahib, the father of K. M. Seethi Sahib and Manappattu Kunjahammed Haji supported him there.[ citation needed ]
He conducted many Islamic sermons and classes, strengthening reform movement in Kodungallur. He was influenced by Vakkom Moulavi. He criticized superstitious beliefs and orthodoxy practiced among the Muslim community and asked them to distance themselves from such acts. He helped form Kerala m Aikya Sangam in 1922, the first socio-religious organization of Muslims of Kerala. [8] The organization aimed to promote Muslims unity, education and to settle disputes among Muslims. [9]
Due to his new Fatwas, the traditional orthodox Muslims divided into groups. His followers started calling orthodox muslims kafir (unbelievers) for following the traditional ways which was against the teachings of Muhammad and his companions.[ citation needed ]
Maulavi was noted for his religious scholarship. His Fathwas was published in Al-Murshid, an Arabi Malayalam magazine. He was the founding leader of Kerala Jamiyathul Ulama (1924) [10] and the founding President of Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen. [11]
He was the founding leader of Tirurangadi Muslim orphanage. He was the founding joint secretary of Rouzath-ul-Uloom association, parental body of Farook College. [12]
He started his political life in the Indian National Congress, and left to join the All-India Muslim League due to his dissatisfaction with the INC leadership and their treatment of the Mappilas. [13] He was the founding vice president of Indian Union Muslim League (Madras, 1948) and played a significant role in building the Indian Union Muslim League in Malabar [14] until his death in 1964.
He was the editor and publisher of Al-Murshid, Al-Irshad [15] and Muslim Aikyam magazines.
List of his books:
1- Nidaun Ilal Alamil Islami (Arabic)
2- Al Ibadathu Val Uboodiyya
3- Annaful Ameem
4- Namaskaram
5- Addua'a wal ibadha
6- Al Wilayathu Wal Karama
7- Qadiyani Vadha Khandanam
8- Manasikul Hajj
9- Islamum Sthreekalum
10- Ma'ashira vili
11- Khathmunnubuvvath
12- Kaifiyyathul Hajj
13- Fath'hul Qawiyy
14- KM Moulaviyude Fatwakal
15- Risalathun fil Bank
16- Jumua Khutuba
Malabar Muslims or Muslim Mappilas, is a member of the Muslim community found predominantly in Kerala and Lakshadweep islands in Southern India. The term Mappila (Ma-Pilla) is generally used to denote people of Abrahamic religions in Kerala, used to describe Malabar Muslims in Northern Kerala, and Mar Thoma Nazarenes in Southern Kerala. Muslims share the common language of Malayalam with the other religious communities of Kerala.
Malappuram is a town in Kerala and the headquarters of the Malappuram district in Kerala, India. It is the 4th largest urban agglomeration in Kerala and the 20th largest in India, spread over an area of 158.20 km2 (61.08 sq mi) including the surrounding suburban areas. The first municipality in the district formed in 1970, Malappuram serves as the administrative headquarters of Malappuram district. Divided into 40 electoral wards, the town has a population density of 4,800 per square kilometre. According to the 2011 census, the Malappuram metropolitan area is the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala after Kochi, Calicut, and Thrissur urban areas and the 20th largest in India with a total population of 3 million. It is the fastest growing city in the world with a 44.1% urban growth between 2015 and 2020 as per the survey conducted by Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) based on the urban area growth during January 2020. Malappuram is situated 54 km southeast of Calicut and 90 km northwest of Palakkad. It is the first Indian municipal body to provide free Wi-Fi connectivity to its entire residents. Malappuram is also the first Indian municipal body to achieve the International Organization for Standardization certificate. It is also the first complaint-free municipality in the state.
Mappila songs are a folklore Muslim song genre rendered to lyrics, within a melodic framework (Ishal), in Arabi Malayalam by the Mappilas of the Malabar region in Kerala, India. Mappila songs have a distinct cultural identity, while at the same time remain closely linked to the cultural practices of Kerala.
E. Moidu Moulavi (1886–1995) was an Indian National Congress (INC) leader,Islamic scholar, one of the Salafi movements reformers, scholar and educationist of Malabar District, born at Maranchery in Ponnani. He was a supporter of the Islahi movement in Kerala and a co-worker with leaders like K. M. Maulavi, Sayyid Sanaulla Makti Thangal, Mohammed Abdul Rahiman and K. M. Seethi Sahib
Parappanangadi is a major town and a municipality in Tirurangadi taluk of Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It is a coastal town located close to the Arabian Sea.
Vakkom Mohammed Abdul Khader Moulavi, popularly known as Vakkom Moulavi was a social reformer, teacher, prolific writer, Muslim scholar, journalist, freedom fighter and newspaper proprietor in Travancore, a princely state of the present day Kerala, India. He was the founder and publisher of the newspaper Swadeshabhimani which was banned and confiscated by the Government of Travancore in 1910 due to its criticisms against the government and the Diwan of Travancore, P. Rajagopalachari. He was an avid reader of Rashid Rida’s Islamic magazine, Al-Manar. Vakkom Moulavi is known as the father of Islamic renaissance in Kerala.
Islamic Publishing House is a leading publisher of Islamic literature in the state of Kerala, India. It was founded in 1945 as the official publication division of Jama’at-e-Islami Hind, Kerala chapter. Its headquarters is in Kozhikode, Kerala.
Prabodhanam is a weekly Islamic magazine published in Malayalam from Kozhikode(Calicut) in Kerala, India.
Mohammed Abdur Rahiman Sahib was an Indian freedom fighter, Muslim leader, scholar, and politician from Kerala. He served as president of Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee(Malabar) in 1939.
The Malabar rebellion of 1921 started as a resistance against the British colonial rule in certain places in the southern part of old Malabar district of present-day Kerala. The popular uprising was also against the prevailing feudal system controlled by elite Hindus.
K. M. Seethi Sahib (1899—1961), born K. M. Seethi, was an Indian politician and community leader from Kerala. He served as the Speaker of Kerala Assembly during 1960-61.
Moulana Chalilakath Kunhahammad Haji was a Malayali Sunni scholar and Islamic educationalist. He is known for his special attention on the reformation of orthodox Muslims and as father new Madrassa system in southern Indian state of Kerala. scholar and Islamic educationalist. He is known for his special attention on the reformation of orthodox Muslims and as father new Madrassa system in southern Indian state of Kerala.
Habib Fazl Bin Alawi Mouladvīla Al HusayniPashaaliasFazal Pookoya Thangal, also known as Sayyid Fadl and Fadl Pasha, was a Yemeni Islamic missionary and political activist who played a prominent role in the Mappila community of Kerala, India. He was the spiritual leader of Kerala Muslims as well as one of the pioneers of the Indian freedom movement. He belonged to a family of Sayyids who traced their lineage to Ali ibn Abi Talib through Mamburam Sayyid Alavi Mouladhavila. His father was Mamburam Sayyid Alavi Thangal, a Muslim mystic and political leader who had migrated from Hadramaut in Yemen to Malabar in 1798 CE to spread Islam. After his father's death in 1845 CE, he succeeded him as the spiritual leader of Kerala Muslims.
Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen (KNM) is an Islamic organization in the state of Kerala founded in 1950. The organization is part of the Islamic reformist Mujahid Movement and follows the principles of Salafism. The Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen was formed as a result of renaissance activities among Keralite Muslims led by scholars and clerics such as Sheikh Hamadani Thangal, K.M. Moulavi and Vakkom Moulavi and E. Moidu Moulavi and Ummer Moulavi. Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen is considered as the successor of Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangam, the first Muslim organization in the state of Kerala, founded in 1924. The Mujahid movement laid the foundations of Islamic renaissance in Kerala by campaigning against corrupted practices of the Sufi orders, superstitions, false beliefs, polytheism etc., and called for the revival of true Islamic practices to the Muslim community in Kerala which had until then been severely lacking in crucial aspects of religious and socio-civic knowledge. The Mujahids consider themselves as proponents of authentic Islamic reform, pursuing a purified concept of Tawhid.
B. Pocker, Badekkandy Pocker, also spelled Poker, title Sahib Bahadur, as an Indian politician and lawyer from Tellicherry, north Kerala, Madras Presidency. He served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India and as the Member of Parliament from Malappuram Parliamentary Constituency between 1952 and 1962.
C. N. Ahmad Moulavi was an Indian writer of Malayalam literature, best known as the translator of the first complete publication of Quran in Malayalam. He was the author of a number of books on Islam and was reported to have contributed to the propagation of education among the Muslims of Malabar region. A member of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi during the period 1959–64, Moulavi was honoured by the academy with the distinguished fellowship in 1989.
The Battle of Pookkottur was a battle that the Mappilas of Malabar fought against the British army during anti-colonial struggles in Malabar province of Northern Kerala, India. The battle took place on 26 August 1921 at Pookkottur in Malappuram district. Indian forces were led by Vadakkuveettil Mohammed, the Secretary of the Khilafat Committee in the Malabar region. He led the force of Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji, while Cuthbert Buxton Lancaster and Captain P. McEnroy led the British force. The Battle played an important role in Malabar rebellion.
Abdullah Moulavi was an Islamic scholar and leader of Jamate Islami in Kerala. He was known as the leader of Jamaat-e-Islami and Muslim educationist. After the demise of Haji Sahib, Abdullah Moulavi was the leader of Jamaat-e-Islami Kerala for 22 years between 1959 and 1990.
Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama of EK Sunnis also known as Samastha and EK Samastha is a Sunni-Shafi'i Muslim scholarly body in Kerala. The body administers Shafi'ite mosques, institutes of higher religious learning and madrasas in India. The Samasta Kerala Jamiyatul Ulama, popularly known as Samastha, is the Sunni scholarly organization with the highest support among Kerala Muslims. The formation of the Samasta was a response of these traditional ulama to the conditions of the post-1921 era, in which Kerala Muslim society in general witnessed a radical shift from the ladder of individual leadership to the ladder of organizations.
Khatib Muhammad Maulavi (1886-1964) in the religious field. A Malabar scholar respected for his skill in tafsir and fikh, for his important fatwas, and for his efforts to establish the all-Kerala Jamiat-ul-Ulema, Khatib Muhammad's integrity and personality enabled him to transmit the southern reform to the more traditional north. To help express the spirit of the reform, "K.M." also joined with his colleagues, E. K. Maulavi and M. K. Haji, in establishing the major Mappila orphanage at Tirurangadi.