 |
Karen Kavanagh | |
|---|---|
 Kavanagh in 2013 | |
| Academic background | |
| Education | Queen's University (BSc) Cornell University (PhD) |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Physicist |
| Sub-discipline | Semiconductors,nanoscience |
| Institutions | Simon Fraser University |
Karen L. Kavanagh is a professor of physics at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby,British Columbia,Canada,where she heads the Kavanagh Lab,a research lab working on semiconductor nanoscience. [1]
Kavanagh obtained a BSc in Chemical-Physics from Queen's University in 1978,followed by 3 years at Bell Northern Research in Ottawa in their Advanced Technology Laboratory. She received her PhD in materials science and engineering in 1987 at Cornell University in Ithaca,New York. [2]
After post doctoral work at IBM and MIT,Kavanagh accepted a faculty position in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. at the University of California,San Diego. She has been at Simon Fraser University since 2000.[ citation needed ]
Her main field of interest is electronic materials science –studying the effects of defects on the properties of semiconductor materials and devices. She has worked on strain relaxation in lattice-mismatched semiconductor heterostructures,diffusion barriers and electrical contacts for silicon and III-V semiconductor based devices,epitaxial growth and nucleation,and electron transport through thin films and interfaces. Her work on characterization tools including electron microscopy,Rutherford backscattering,x-ray diffraction,and scanning probe microscopy.[ citation needed ]
She is a fellow of the Institute of Physics [3] and is the author of over 200 journal papers and conference proceedings,as shown on ORCID. [4]
Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design,create,and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles. It is a subfield of physics and electrical engineering which uses active devices such as transistors,diodes,and integrated circuits to control and amplify the flow of electric current and to convert it from one form to another,such as from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or from analog signals to digital signals.
A semiconductor is a material that is between the conductor and insulator in ability to conduct electrical current. In many cases their conducting properties may be altered in useful ways by introducing impurities ("doping") into the crystal structure. When two differently doped regions exist in the same crystal,a semiconductor junction is created. The behavior of charge carriers,which include electrons,ions,and electron holes,at these junctions is the basis of diodes,transistors,and most modern electronics. Some examples of semiconductors are silicon,germanium,gallium arsenide,and elements near the so-called "metalloid staircase" on the periodic table. After silicon,gallium arsenide is the second-most common semiconductor and is used in laser diodes,solar cells,microwave-frequency integrated circuits,and others. Silicon is a critical element for fabricating most electronic circuits.
Herbert Kroemer was a German-American physicist who,along with Zhores Alferov,received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000 for "developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics". Kroemer was professor emeritus of electrical and computer engineering at the University of California,Santa Barbara,having received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics in 1952 from the University of Göttingen,Germany,with a dissertation on hot electron effects in the then-new transistor. His research into transistors was a stepping stone to the later development of mobile phone technologies.
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Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering. "Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors,such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the technology or science that may be affected by the work. Applied physics is rooted in the fundamental truths and basic concepts of the physical sciences but is concerned with the utilization of scientific principles in practical devices and systems and with the application of physics in other areas of science and high technology.
Claire F. Gmachl is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University. She is best known for her work in the development of quantum cascade lasers.
The Presidential Young Investigator Award(PYI) was awarded by the National Science Foundation of the United States Federal Government. The program operated from 1984 to 1991,and was replaced by the NSF Young Investigator (NYI) Awards and Presidential Faculty Fellows (PFF) program. In 1995,the NSF Young Investigator program was subsumed into the NSF CAREER Awards program,and in 1996,the Presidential Faculty Fellows program was replaced by the PECASE program.
Dawon Kahng was a Korean-American electrical engineer and inventor,known for his work in solid-state electronics. He is best known for inventing the MOSFET,along with his colleague Mohamed Atalla,in 1959. Kahng and Atalla developed both the PMOS and NMOS processes for MOSFET semiconductor device fabrication. The MOSFET is the most widely used type of transistor,and the basic element in most modern electronic equipment.
Henning Sirringhaus is Hitachi Professor of Electron Device Physics,Head of the Microelectronics Group and a member of the Optoelectronics Group at the Cavendish Laboratory. He is also a Fellow of Churchill College at the University of Cambridge.
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Xu Jianbin is the Choh-Ming Li Professor of Electronic Engineering and director of the material research center at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). He is also a Distinguished Research Fellow at the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,one of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Carol Trager-Cowan is a Scottish physicist who is a Reader in physics and Science Communicator at the University of Strathclyde. She works on scanning electron microscopy,including Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD),diffraction contrast and cathodoluminescence imaging.
Pinshane Yeh Huang is an Associate Professor of Materials Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. She develops transmission electron microscopy to investigate two-dimensional materials. During her PhD she discovered the thinnest piece of glass in the world,which was included in the Guinness World Records. Huang was awarded the 2019 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.
Avraham (Avi) Gover is an Israeli professor of Electrical Engineering in the Physical Electronics Department of the Engineering Faculty at Tel Aviv University,specializing in Quantum Electronics and FEL Physics. Gover is also the head of the Israeli Center for Radiation Sources and Applications in Ariel. In 2005,he was awarded the international FEL prize "in recognition for his outstanding contributions to Free Electron Laser science and technology".
Katherine E. Aidala is an American physicist. She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and a professor of physics at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley,Massachusetts. She studies the fundamental properties of materials and devices,providing insight that could lead to technological innovation.
Stephanie Simmons is the co-chair of the Advisory Council on Canada's National Quantum Strategy and a Canadian Research Chair in Quantum Computing at Simon Fraser University. She is also the founder and Chief Quantum Officer at Photonic Inc.,a spin out company which focusses on the commercial development of silicon photonics spin qubits. She was named by Caldwell Partners as one of Canada's Top 40 Under 40 in 2020. Her research considers the development of silicon-based systems for quantum computing.
Stephen R. Forrest is an American physicist and academic with contributions to organic electronics and optoelectronics. He is the Peter A. Franken Distinguished University Professor of Engineering and Paul G. Goebel Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Michigan. He has worked in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs),organic solar cells,and organic thin-film transistors.
