Stanisław II August,known also by his regnal Latin name Stanislaus II Augustus,and as Stanisław August Poniatowski,was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1764 to 1795,and the last monarch of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Jan Karski was a Polish soldier,resistance-fighter,and diplomat during World War II. He is known for having acted as a courier in 1940–1943 to the Polish government-in-exile and to Poland's Western Allies about the situation in German-occupied Poland. He reported about the state of Poland,its many competing resistance factions,and also about Germany's destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and its operation of extermination camps on Polish soil that were murdering Jews,Poles,and others.
Jacek Jan Kuroń was one of the democratic leaders of opposition in the People's Republic of Poland. He was widely known as the "godfather of the Polish opposition," not unlike Václav Havel in Czechoslovakia. Kurońwas a prominent Polish social and political figure known for his efforts at reforming societies under the control of the Soviet Union. As an educator and historian,he first postulated the concept of a de-centered movement that would question the totalitarian system and its personality cult. Kuroństarted out as an activist of the Polish Scouting Association trying to educate young people that would take charge of the future;he later co-founded with Antoni Macierewicz the Workers' Defence Committee or KOR,a major dissident organization that was superseded by Solidarity in August 1980. After the changes in independent Poland,he ran for president supported by the likes of Jan Karski and served twice as Minister of Labour and Social Policy. Kurońwas the father of chef Maciej Kuroń.
Zbigniew Stefan Messner was a Polish communist politician and economist. His ancestors were of German Polish descent who had assimilated into Polish society. In 1972,he became Professor of Karol Adamiecki University of Economics in Katowice. In the 1980s,Messner held numerous high ranking posts within communist party apparatus. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) from 1981 to 1990,when PZPR was dissolved,member of the PZPR Politburo from 1981 to 1988,Deputy Prime Minister from 1983 to 1985,member of Sejm from 1985 to 1989,Prime Minister of Polish People's Republic from 1985 to 1988 and member of the State Council of the Polish People's Republic from 1988 to 1989. Additionally in the 1960s Messner was the chairman of Piast Gliwice football club.
Ludwik Stanisław Dorn was a Polish conservative politician,who served as Deputy Prime Minister and member of Sejm elected on 5 November 2007.
Radom Confederation was a konfederacja of nobility (szlachta) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth formed in Radom on 23 June 1767 to prevent reforms and defend the Golden Liberties. It was formed by Russian envoy to Poland Nicholas Repnin and backed by the Russian Imperial Army as a response of Catholic nobility to the earlier Protestant confederations of Slutzk and Toruń,approximately 74,000 nobles declared their support for Radom Confederation.
Małgorzata Maria Kidawa-Błońska,née Grabska is a Polish politician,film producer,and sociologist currently serving as Marshal of the Senate. She was Marshal of the Sejm from 25 June 2015 to 11 November 2015 at the end of the Seventh term's composition of the lower house,after which being voted a Deputy Marshal of the Eighth and Ninth term,each time nominated by the opposition party Civic Platform,under the marshalcy of Marek Kuchciński and Elżbieta Witek,respectively.
Izabela Helena Kloc,née Lazar is a Polish politician. She was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005,getting 5,185 votes in 30 Rybnik district as a candidate from the Law and Justice list.
Jan Łukasz Ołdakowski is a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005,getting 3939 votes in Warsaw I,standing for Law and Justice. He joined Poland Comes First when that party split from Law and Justice in 2010.
PawełJanusz Poncyljusz is a Polish politician. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005,getting 4232 votes in Warsaw I as a candidate on the Law and Justice list. In November 2010,he moved to the new party Poland Comes First.
Marek Witold Suski is a Polish conservative politician of the Law and Justice party and theatrical technician. Member of the Sejm of the 4th,5th,6th,7th,8th,9th and 10th parliamentary terms,from 2017 to 2019 Head of the Political Cabinet of the Prime Minister of Poland.
was a Polish forester,university teacher and politician who served as Minister of Environment in the cabinets of Jerzy Buzek (1997–1999),Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz (2005–2007),Jarosław Kaczyński (2007),Beata Szydło (2015–2017) and Mateusz Morawiecki (2017–2018).
PawełŚpiewak was a Polish sociologist,historian,author and politician. He was the Director of the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw.
Krzysztof Józef Tchórzewski is a Polish engineer and politician. He serves as the Minister of Energy in the cabinet of Beata Szydło. Prior to this,Tchórzewski was a minister without portfolio.
Grodno Sejm was the last Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Grodno Sejm,held in autumn 1793 in Grodno,Grand Duchy of Lithuania is infamous because its deputies,bribed or coerced by the Russian Empire,passed the act of Second Partition of Poland. The Sejm started on 17 June and ended on 23 November 1793. It ratified the division of the country in a futile attempt to prevent its subsequent complete annexation two years later in the 1795 Third Partition of Poland.
The Right Wing of the Republic is a political party in Poland founded by former Marshal of the Sejm Marek Jurek on 20 April 2007 after he had left Law and Justice on 16 April 2007,when the Sejm failed to pass a constitutional amendment outlawing abortion. The party positions itself as a Christian conservative party with a strong focus on family rights and an anti-abortion stance.
The University of Warsaw is a public research university in Warsaw,Poland. Established on November 19,1816,it is the largest institution of higher learning in the country,offering 37 different fields of study as well as 100 specializations in humanities,technical,and natural sciences.
Warsaw I,officially known as Constituency no. 19,is one of the 41 constituencies of the Sejm,the lower house of the Parliament of Poland,the national legislature of Poland. The constituency was established as Constituency no. 1 in 1991 following the re-organisation of constituencies across Poland. It was renamed Sejm Constituency no. 19 in 2001 following another nationwide re-organisation of constituencies. It is conterminous with the city of Warsaw. Electors living abroad or working aboard ships and oil rigs are included in this constituency. The constituency currently elects 20 of the 460 members of the Sejm using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2023 parliamentary election it had 1,993,723 registered electors.
PawełWłodzimierz Szałamacha is a Polish politician,member of the National Bank of Poland Management Board,and a former Minister of Finance.
Dariusz Karol Bachura,styling himself Karol Bachura is a Polish diplomat with the rank of Ambassador-at-large,specialist in the region of Southeastern Europe;an ambassador to Macedonia (2007–2011) and Albania (2016–2021).
