LIMK2

LIMK2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1X6A, 4TPT
Identifiers
Aliases	LIMK2 , LIM domain kinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601988 MGI: 1197517 HomoloGene: 55911 GeneCards: LIMK2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human) [1] Band 22q12.2 Start 31,212,239 bp [1] End 31,280,080 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) [2] Band 11|11 A1 Start 3,294,256 bp [2] End 3,359,189 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in blood skin of abdomen hair follicle right uterine tube palpebral conjunctiva minor salivary gland left lobe of thyroid gland rectum right lobe of thyroid gland placenta Top expressed in lip corneal stroma superior frontal gyrus esophagus yolk sac cerebellar cortex blastocyst neural tube zone of skin skin of back More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein serine/threonine kinase activity ATP binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity nucleotide binding kinase activity metal ion binding protein kinase activity transferase activity signal transducer activity Cellular component nucleus cytoplasm cis-Golgi network Biological process protein phosphorylation spermatogenesis phosphorylation intracellular signal transduction head development cornea development in camera-type eye actin cytoskeleton organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3985 16886 Ensembl ENSG00000182541 ENSMUSG00000020451 UniProt P53671 O54785 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_016733 NM_001031801 NM_005569 NM_001034030 NM_010718 NM_173053 NM_001361623 RefSeq (protein) NP_001026971 NP_005560 NP_057952 NP_001029202 NP_034848 NP_774958 NP_001348552 NP_001389789 NP_001389790 NP_001389791 NP_001389792 NP_001389793 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 31.21 – 31.28 Mb Chr 11: 3.29 – 3.36 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

LIM domain kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LIMK2 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

There are approximately 40 known eukaryotic LIM proteins, so named for the LIM domains they contain. LIM domains are highly conserved cysteine-rich structures containing 2 zinc fingers. Although zinc fingers usually function by binding to DNA or RNA, the LIM motif probably mediates protein-protein interactions. LIM kinase-1 and LIM kinase-2 belong to a small subfamily with a unique combination of 2 N-terminal LIM motifs and a C-terminal protein kinase domain. The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated and activated by ROCK, a downstream effector of Rho, and the encoded protein, in turn, phosphorylates cofilin, inhibiting its actin-depolymerizing activity. It is thought that this pathway contributes to Rho-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. At least three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. ^[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182541 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020451 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Okano I, Hiraoka J, Otera H, Nunoue K, Ohashi K, Iwashita S, Hirai M, Mizuno K (Dec 1995). "Identification and characterization of a novel family of serine/threonine kinases containing two N-terminal LIM motifs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (52): 31321–30. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.52.31321 . PMID   8537403.
6. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP (Dec 1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..489D. doi: 10.1038/990031 . PMID   10591208.
7. "Entrez Gene: LIMK2 LIM domain kinase 2".

Further reading

• Scott RW, Olson MF (Jun 2007). "LIM kinases: function, regulation and association with human disease". Journal of Molecular Medicine. 85 (6): 555–68. doi:10.1007/s00109-007-0165-6. PMID   17294230. S2CID   8881246.
• Osada H, Hasada K, Inazawa J, Uchida K, Ueda R, Takahashi T, Takahashi T (13 Dec 1996). "Subcellular localization and protein interaction of the human LIMK2 gene expressing alternative transcripts with tissue-specific regulation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 229 (2): 582–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1847. PMID   8954941.
• Hiraoka J, Okano I, Higuchi O, Yang N, Mizuno K (9 Dec 1996). "Self-association of LIM-kinase 1 mediated by the interaction between an N-terminal LIM domain and a C-terminal kinase domain". FEBS Letters. 399 (1–2): 117–21. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01303-8 . PMID   8980133.
• Yang N, Higuchi O, Ohashi K, Nagata K, Wada A, Kangawa K, Nishida E, Mizuno K (Jun 1998). "Cofilin phosphorylation by LIM-kinase 1 and its role in Rac-mediated actin reorganization". Nature. 393 (6687): 809–12. Bibcode:1998Natur.393..809Y. doi:10.1038/31735. PMID   9655398. S2CID   4326365.
• Nomoto S, Tatematsu Y, Takahashi T, Osada H (Aug 1999). "Cloning and characterization of the alternative promoter regions of the human LIMK2 gene responsible for alternative transcripts with tissue-specific expression". Gene. 236 (2): 259–71. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00280-2. PMID   10452946.
• Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Takai Y, Nakamura T (27 Dec 1999). "Cofilin phosphorylation and actin cytoskeletal dynamics regulated by rho- and Cdc42-activated LIM-kinase 2". The Journal of Cell Biology. 147 (7): 1519–32. doi:10.1083/jcb.147.7.1519. PMC   2174243 . PMID   10613909.
• Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T (Jan 2001). "Specific activation of LIM kinase 2 via phosphorylation of threonine 505 by ROCK, a Rho-dependent protein kinase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (1): 670–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M007074200 . PMID   11018042.
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (Nov 2000). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Research. 10 (11): 1788–95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC   310948 . PMID   11076863.
• Amano T, Tanabe K, Eto T, Narumiya S, Mizuno K (Feb 2001). "LIM-kinase 2 induces formation of stress fibres, focal adhesions and membrane blebs, dependent on its activation by Rho-associated kinase-catalysed phosphorylation at threonine-505". The Biochemical Journal. 354 (Pt 1): 149–59. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3540149. PMC   1221639 . PMID   11171090.
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A (Mar 2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Research. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC   311072 . PMID   11230166.
• Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Shibuya A, Nakamura T (Jun 2001). "Activation of LIM kinases by myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (25): 23092–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.C100196200 . PMID   11340065.
• Toshima J, Toshima JY, Takeuchi K, Mori R, Mizuno K (Aug 2001). "Cofilin phosphorylation and actin reorganization activities of testicular protein kinase 2 and its predominant expression in testicular Sertoli cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (33): 31449–58. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M102988200 . PMID   11418599.
• Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, Mougin C, Groizeleau C, Hamburger A, Meil A, Wojcik J, Legrain P, Gauthier JM (Jul 2004). "Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway". Genome Research. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC   442148 . PMID   15231748.
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I (2005). "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome". Genome Biology. 5 (10): R84. doi: 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84 . PMC   545604 . PMID   15461802.
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A (Oct 2004). "From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMC   528930 . PMID   15489336.
• Vardouli L, Moustakas A, Stournaras C (Mar 2005). "LIM-kinase 2 and cofilin phosphorylation mediate actin cytoskeleton reorganization induced by transforming growth factor-beta". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (12): 11448–57. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M402651200 . PMID   15647284.

External links

• LIMK2 Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine