Lady apple | |
---|---|
Species | Malus domestica |
Origin | France, 1628 |
The Lady is a historic apple cultivar originating in Brittany, France in at least 1628. The cultivar has gained a variety of known names in English, and is commonly referred to as Api or the Lady Apple. [a] As a seedling, the apple has the names Helen and Highland Beauty. The cultivar is known for its miniature "tiny" size, generally less than 2 inches in diameter. [1] Its harvest time is late August and September within the Southern United States and later in higher elevations and attitudes, up to late October and early November. They are used for "dessert, cooking, cider making, and decoration," particularly during winter holidays when they are used for decorating in Christmas wreaths and garlands. [2] [3]
In 1628, the apple was first recorded in the Api forest of Brittany, France. The variety flourished after being transported to America by European colonists. After the American Civil War, the apple has been exported from Virginia to Europe at prices of 10 to 30 dollars per barrel, which is more than quadruple the price of other apple varieties. [2] [3]
André Leroy thoroughly describes the Pomme d'Api fruits, history, and trees in his 1873 Dictionnaire de pomologie (Dictionary of apples). [4] They are also the namesake of Jacques Offenbach's 1873 opérette, Pomme d'api .
A common claim is that the apple originates at the times of the Roman Empire as the "Appian apple" described by Pliny the Elder in the first century. [2] In that regard, the fruit is stated to originate as cultivated by an Etruscan farmer Appius in honour of Theophrastus's botanical works. The apple has then been grown at the orchards that the Romans have established in the regions of Spain, France, and Britain. [5] [6] However, a connection to the Roman apple is disputed by continental pomologists. [7]
The apple tree is often subject to infestations from the apple-seed chalcid. In a 1914 study, Cyrus R. Crosby has noted that two thirds of the examined Lady apples from an orchard have been heavily infested by the wasp. The Lady apple's smaller size allows the apple-seed chalcid's ovipositor to reach the seeds of the fruit, which it is unable to do with most other commercial apple varieties. [8]
Aside from the foregoing sort, more cultivars are considered to fall under the Api family. [9] [10]
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times resulting in two types of modern mango cultivars: the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits that are also called "mangoes", the majority of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.
The quince is the sole member of the genus Cydonia in the Malinae subtribe of the Rosaceae family. It is a deciduous tree that bears hard, aromatic bright golden-yellow pome fruit, similar in appearance to a pear. Ripe quince fruits are hard, tart, and astringent. They are eaten raw or processed into jam, quince cheese, or alcoholic drinks.
Syzygium samarangense is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, native to an area that includes the Greater Sunda Islands, Malay Peninsula, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, but introduced in prehistoric times to a wider area and now widely cultivated in the tropics. Common names in English include wax apple, Java apple, Semarang rose-apple, and wax jambu.
Diospyros virginiana is a persimmon species commonly called the American persimmon, common persimmon, eastern persimmon, simmon, possumwood, possum apples, or sugar plum. It ranges from southern Connecticut to Florida, and west to Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Iowa. The tree grows in the wild but has been cultivated for its fruit and wood since prehistoric times by Native Americans.
A cooking apple or culinary apple is an apple that is used primarily for cooking, as opposed to a dessert apple, which is eaten raw. Cooking apples are generally larger, and can be tarter than dessert varieties. Some varieties have a firm flesh that does not break down much when cooked. Culinary varieties with a high acid content produce froth when cooked, which is desirable for some recipes. Britain grows a large range of apples specifically for cooking. Worldwide, dual-purpose varieties are more widely grown.
Lansium domesticum, commonly known as langsat or lanzon is a species of tree in the family Meliaceae with commercially cultivated edible fruits. The species is native to Southeast Asia, from peninsular Thailand and Malaysia to Indonesia and the Philippines.
Reinette, often Rennet in English, and popular in Italian and Portuguese cuisines as Renetta and Reineta respectively, is the name of a number of apple cultivars, in the Diel-Lucas and the Diel-Dochnahl apple classification system. Reinettes are divided into the following groups.
Psidium guajava, the common guava, yellow guava, lemon guava, or apple guava is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to the Caribbean, Central America and South America. It is easily pollinated by insects; when cultivated, it is pollinated mainly by the common honey bee, Apis mellifera.
An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree. Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Eurasia and were introduced to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek, and European Christian tradition.
Watermelon is a flowering plant species of the Cucurbitaceae family and the name of its edible fruit. A scrambling and trailing vine-like plant, it is a highly cultivated fruit worldwide, with more than 1,000 varieties.
Belle de Boskoop is an apple cultivar which originated in Boskoop, Netherlands, where it began as a chance seedling in 1856. Variants include Boskoop red, yellow and green. This rustic apple is firm, tart and fragrant. Greenish-gray tinged with red, the apple stands up well to cooking. Generally Boskoop varieties are very high in acid content and they can contain over four times the vitamin C of Granny Smith or Golden Delicious.
Lady finger bananas are diploid banana cultivars originating in Malaysia or Indonesia, belonging to the Sucrier subgroup of the AA banana cultivar group. Lady finger bananas are the most widely cultivated AA cultivar and are one of the world’s most popular local bananas. Its fruits are finger-sized, sweet, and thin-skinned.
The lumia is also called the pear lemon, since its shape resembles a pear. It is also called French lime and sometimes sweet lemon, even though it is not necessarily sweet.
'Duchess of Oldenburg' is an old Russian cultivar (1750–1799) of cultivated apple which has attractive streaks of yellow and red. It was commonly but not universally known in America simply as 'Oldenburg' after the American Pomological Society listed that as the official name, a name also used for the 'Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg' cultivar. The skin of the apple is more prominently striped than that of 'Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg'.
The Api Etoile, also known as Star Apple, Pomme Etoilée, or Star Lady Apple, is an apple cultivar notable for its five prominent knobs giving it the appearance of a star. It falls into the Api family of apple cultivars.
Volkamer lemon, often misspelled Volckamer lemon, is known as 沃 尔卡默柠檬 in Chinese, citron de Volkamer in French, limone Volkameriano in Italian, and chanh Volkamer in Vietnamese. It is a Citrus hybrid cultivated for its edible fruit. The specific epithet (volkameriana) honors German botanist Johann Christoph Volkamer. It is a taxonomical synonym of Citrus limon.
The Devonshire Quarrenden is a dessert apple cultivar historically grown and probably originating in England, although it has also been suggested as originating in France. A variety of local names and spellings, including "Red Quarrenden", "Quarrington", "Quarender", and the "Sack Apple", have been recorded in the past.
Torymus druparum, the apple-seed chalcid, is a species of parasitoid wasp. The species is found in Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Central Asia, and North America.
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