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Theodore I Laskaris or Lascaris was the first emperor of Nicaea—a successor state of the Byzantine Empire—from 1205 to his death. Although he was born to an obscure aristocratic family, his mother was related to the imperial Komnenos clan. He married Anna, a younger daughter of Emperor Alexios III Angelos in 1200. He received the title of despot before 1203, demonstrating his right to succeed his father-in-law on the throne.
Theodore II Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris was Emperor of Nicaea from 1254 to 1258. He was the only child of Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes and Empress Irene Laskarina. His mother was the eldest daughter of Theodore I Laskaris, who had established the Empire of Nicaea as a successor state to the Byzantine Empire in Asia Minor after the crusaders captured the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, during the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Theodore received an excellent education from two renowned scholars, Nikephoros Blemmydes and George Akropolites. He made friends with young intellectuals, especially with a page of low birth, George Mouzalon. Theodore began to write treatises on theological, historical and philosophical themes in his youth.
John III Doukas Vatatzes, Latinized as Ducas Vatatzes, was Emperor of Nicaea from 1221 to 1254. He was succeeded by his son, known as Theodore II Laskaris.
George Akropolites was a Byzantine Greek historian and statesman born at Constantinople.
Robert I, also known as Robert of Courtenay, was Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1221 until his death in 1228. He was a younger son of the emperor Peter II of Courtenay, and Yolanda of Flanders.
The Empire of Nicaea or the Nicene Empire was the largest of the three Byzantine Greek rump states founded by the aristocracy of the Byzantine Empire that fled when Constantinople was occupied by Western European and Venetian armed forces during the Fourth Crusade, a military event known as the Sack of Constantinople. Like the other Byzantine rump states that formed due to the 1204 fracturing of the empire, such as the Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus, it was a continuation of the eastern half of the Roman Empire that survived well into the Middle Ages. A fourth state, known in historiography as the Latin Empire, was established by an army of Crusaders and the Republic of Venice after the capture of Constantinople and the surrounding environs.
This is an alphabetical index of people, places, things, and concepts related to or originating from the Byzantine Empire. Feel free to add more, and create missing pages. You can track changes to the articles included in this list from here.
Anna Komnene Angelina or Comnena Angelina was Empress consort of Nicaea. She was the daughter of emperor Alexios III Angelos and of Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera.
Theodore Komnenos Doukas or Theodore Angelos Komnenos was the ruler of Epirus and Thessaly from 1215 to 1230 and of Thessalonica and most of Macedonia and western Thrace from 1224 to 1230. He was also the power behind the rule of his sons John and Demetrios over Thessalonica in 1237–1246.
Maria Laskarina was a Greek Queen consort of Hungary by marriage to King Béla IV of Hungary. She was the daughter of Theodore I Laskaris and Anna Komnena Angelina.
Anna of Hohenstaufen, born Constance, was an Empress of Nicaea. She was a daughter of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and Bianca Lancia.
Elena Asenina of Bulgaria was an empress consort of Nicaea, married to Theodore II Laskaris. She was daughter of Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Asen II and Anna Maria of Hungary.
Marie de Courtenay was Empress consort of Nicaea from 1219 until 1221. She was a daughter of Peter II of Courtenay and Yolanda of Flanders. She married Emperor Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea. Marie served as regent for her younger brother, Baldwin II, Latin Emperor, in 1228, and styled herself "Empress of Constantinople."
Theodora Doukaina Komnene Palaiologina, also known as Theodora Vatatzaina, was the empress consort of the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos.
Eudoxia Laskarina Asanina, sometimes known as Laskara, was a member of the Byzantine Laskaris family. In later life, she fled to Aragon, where she was known as Irene Lascaris.
Isaac Laskaris was a brother of Nicaean emperor Theodore I Laskaris, who along with his brother Alexios Laskaris fled to the Latin Empire and unsuccessfully tried to topple Theodore's successor, John III Doukas Vatatzes, in 1224.
Alexios Laskaris was a brother of Nicaean emperor Theodore I Laskaris, who along with his brother Isaac Laskaris fled to the Latin Empire and unsuccessfully tried to topple Theodore's successor, John III Doukas Vatatzes, in 1224.
Anseau de Cayeux or Anselm de Cayeux was a French knight from Picardy, who participated in the Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) and later became one of the leading nobles of the Latin Empire, serving as regent in Constantinople (1237-1238). He was married to Byzantine princess Eudokia Laskarina, younger daughter of former emperor Theodore I Laskaris.
The struggle for Constantinople was a complex series of conflicts following the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, fought between the Latin Empire established by the Crusaders, various Byzantine successor states, and foreign powers such as the Second Bulgarian Empire and Sultanate of Rum, for control of Constantinople and supremacy in the former empire's territory.
Eudokia Laskarina Angelina was a Byzantine princess. She was a younger daughter of Emperor Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea and Anna Komnene Angelina.
References
- ↑ There are many places in France called Neuville. The ancient County of Arras lies within the modern Pas-de-Calais department. There are five places called Neuville in Pas-de-Calais: Neuville-au-Cornet, Neuville-Bourjonval, Neuville-Saint-Vaast, Neuville-sous-Montreuil and Neuville-Vitasse. There seems no reason to prefer any one of them over the others as her birthplace.
- ↑ Angold 2011, p. 52-54.
- 1 2 George Acropolites, Chronicle, chapters 18-22
- ↑ George Acropolites, Chronicle, chapters 22
- ↑ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica Alberici Monachi Trium Fontium, MGH SS XXIII
- ↑ Annales Mellicenses 1229, MGH SS IX,
- 1 2 William of Tyre Continuator, Chapters 18-19
