The Lalande Prize (French: Prix Lalande also known as Lalande Medal) was an award for scientific advances in astronomy, given from 1802 until 1970 by the French Academy of Sciences.
The prize was endowed by astronomer Jérôme Lalande in 1801, a few years before his death in 1807, to enable the Academy of Sciences to make an annual award "to the person who makes the most unusual observation or writes the most useful paper to further the progress of Astronomy, in France or elsewhere."
The awarded amount grew in time: in 1918 the amount awarded was 1000 Francs, and by 1950, it was 10,000 francs. [1]
It was combined with the Valz Prize (Prix Valz) in 1970 to create the Lalande-Valz Prize and then with a further 122 foundation prizes in 1997, resulting in the establishment of the Grande Médaille. The Grande Medaille is not limited to the field of astronomy.
Henri Jacques Chrétien was a French astronomer and an inventor.
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel, normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy.
Charles Fehrenbach was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences. He was director of the Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) until 1983. Following the Second World War, he was one of the first astronomers to pioneer the reversion method of using objective prisms to measure the Doppler shift of stars.
Alexandre Schaumasse (1882–1958) was a French astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets.
Jean Elias Benjamin Valz was a French astronomer.
Joseph Jean Pierre Laurent was a French amateur astronomer and chemist who discovered the asteroid 51 Nemausa in 1858, for which he was a recipient of the Lalande Prize awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. It is also likely that he is the same person as the person of that name who provided chemistry assistance to photography pioneer André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri in 1853.
Ferdinand Jules Quénisset (1872–1951) was a French astronomer who specialized in astrophotography.
The Prix Pierre Guzman was the name given to two prizes, one astronomical and one medical. Both were established by the will of Anne Emilie Clara Goguet, wife of Marc Guzman, and named after her son Pierre Guzman.
Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, or simply Comptes rendus, is a French scientific journal published since 1835. It is the proceedings of the French Academy of Sciences. It is currently split into seven sections, published on behalf of the Academy by Elsevier: Mathématique, Mécanique, Physique, Géoscience, Palévol, Chimie, and Biologies.
Jean Claude Barthélemy Dufay was a French astronomer.
André Couder was a French optician and astronomer.
Marguerite Laugier was a French astronomer active at the Nice Observatory from the 1930s to the 1950s. Contemporary astronomical articles refer to her as "Madame Laugier".
The Poncelet Prize is awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. The prize was established in 1868 by the widow of General Jean-Victor Poncelet for the advancement of the sciences. It was in the amount of 2,000 francs, mostly for the work in applied mathematics. The precise wording of the announcement by the academy varied from year to year and required the work be "in mechanics", or "for work contributing to the progress of pure or applied mathematics", or simply "in applied mathematics", and sometimes included condition that the work must be "done during the ten years preceding the award."
Georges Julien Giraud was a French mathematician, working in potential theory, partial differential equations, singular integrals and singular integral equations: he is mainly known for his solution of the regular oblique derivative problem and also for his extension to n–dimensional singular integral equations of the concept of symbol of a singular integral, previously introduced by Solomon Mikhlin.
The Janssen Medal is an astrophysics award presented by the French Academy of Sciences to those who have made advances in this area of science.
Louis Dominique Joseph Armand Dunoyer de Segonzac was a French physicist. He was awarded the Valz Prize by the French Academy of Sciences in 1929 for research on spirit levels and on photoelectric cells as applied to astronomy.
The Valz Prize(Prix Valz) was awarded by the French Academy of Sciences, from 1877 through 1970, to honor advances in astronomy.
Wang Dezhao or Ouang Te-Tchao was a Chinese physicist who was known for his research in atmospheric electricity and underwater acoustics. Under the direction of Paul Langevin, he helped the French improve sonar at the beginning of World War II and after his return to China, Wang was considered as the founder of national defense water acoustics in China.
Marie Cecile Bloch (1902–1970) was a French astronomer and astrophysicist. She is noted for her work on stellar spectroscopy. She was awarded the Lalande Prize by the French Academy of Sciences in 1960 for her scientific work in this field.
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