The Valz Prize(Prix Valz) was awarded by the French Academy of Sciences, from 1877 through 1970, to honor advances in astronomy. [1] [2]
The Valz Prize was established in June 1874 when the widow of astronomer Benjamin Valz, [1] Marie Madeleine Julie Malhian, [3] donated 10,000 francs to establish a prize in honor of her late husband. The Valz Prize was to be awarded for work of similar stature as that honored by the pre-existing Lalande Prize. The first Valz Prize was awarded in 1877 to brothers Paul and Prosper Henry, and was for the sum of 460 francs. [1]
Save for 1924, the French Academy of Sciences awarded the Valz Prize annually from 1877 to 1943. After 1943, the prize was awarded only sporadically (only once per decade from 1950 to 1970). In 1970 the Valz Prize was combined with the Lalande Prize to create the Lalande-Valz Prize, which continued to be awarded through 1996. In 1997, that prize was combined with numerous other Academy prizes to create the Grande Médaille. [2]
Henri Jacques Chrétien was a French astronomer and an inventor.
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel, normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy.
Lipót Schulhof was a Hungarian-Jewish astronomer, born in the Austrian Empire, who first worked at the Vienna Observatory and later spent most of his time at the Paris Observatory, observing comets and asteroids.
Charles Fehrenbach was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences. He was director of the Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) until 1983. Following the Second World War, he was one of the first astronomers to pioneer the reversion method of using objective prisms to measure the Doppler shift of stars.
Alexandre Schaumasse (1882–1958) was a French astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets.
Joseph Jean Pierre Laurent was a French amateur astronomer and chemist who discovered the asteroid 51 Nemausa in 1858, for which he was a recipient of the Lalande Prize awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. It is also likely that he is the same person as the person of that name who provided chemistry assistance to photography pioneer André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri in 1853.
Walter Sydney Adams was an American astronomer. He is renowned for his pioneering work in spectroscopy.
Ferdinand Jules Quénisset (1872–1951) was a French astronomer who specialized in astrophotography.
The Prix Pierre Guzman was the name given to two prizes, one astronomical and one medical. Both were established by the will of Anne Emilie Clara Goguet, wife of Marc Guzman, and named after her son Pierre Guzman.
Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion was a French astronomer. She worked at the Camille Flammarion Observatory at Juvisy-sur-Orge, France, and was General Secretary of the Société Astronomique de France.
Jean Claude Barthélemy Dufay was a French astronomer.
André Couder was a French optician and astronomer.
Marguerite Laugier was a French astronomer active at the Nice Observatory from the 1930s to the 1950s. Contemporary astronomical articles refer to her as "Madame Laugier".
The Poncelet Prize is awarded by the French Academy of Sciences. The prize was established in 1868 by the widow of General Jean-Victor Poncelet for the advancement of the sciences. It was in the amount of 2,000 francs, mostly for the work in applied mathematics. The precise wording of the announcement by the academy varied from year to year and required the work be "in mechanics", or "for work contributing to the progress of pure or applied mathematics", or simply "in applied mathematics", and sometimes included condition that the work must be "done during the ten years preceding the award."
Georges Julien Giraud was a French mathematician, working in potential theory, partial differential equations, singular integrals and singular integral equations: he is mainly known for his solution of the regular oblique derivative problem and also for his extension to n–dimensional singular integral equations of the concept of symbol of a singular integral, previously introduced by Solomon Mikhlin.
The Janssen Medal is an astrophysics award presented by the French Academy of Sciences to those who have made advances in this area of science.
The Lalande Prize was an award for scientific advances in astronomy, given from 1802 until 1970 by the French Academy of Sciences.
Louis Dominique Joseph Armand Dunoyer de Segonzac was a French physicist. He was awarded the Valz Prize by the French Academy of Sciences in 1929 for research on spirit levels and on photoelectric cells as applied to astronomy.
Wang Dezhao or Ouang Te-Tchao was a Chinese physicist who was known for his research in atmospheric electricity and underwater acoustics. Under the direction of Paul Langevin, he helped the French improve sonar at the beginning of World War II and after his return to China, Wang was considered as the founder of national defense water acoustics in China.