Stratigraphy
The Dutch Landen Formation is not totally equal with the Belgian Landen Group. In Belgium, the Orp and Gelinden Members are seen as one separate formation, the Heers Formation. The Dutch Landen Formation correlates with the Belgian Heers Formation, Hannut Formation, Tienen Formation and parts of the Opglabbeek Formation.
The Landen Formation lies normally on top of a nonconformity with the Dutch Chalk Group, which is usually represented by the early Paleocene Houthem Formation. In most places the early Eocene Dongen Formation is found on top of the Landen Formation.
Related Research Articles
The Fur Formation is a marine geological formation of Ypresian age which crops out in the Limfjord region of Denmark from Silstrup via Mors and Fur to Ertebølle, and can be seen in many cliffs and quarries in the area. The Diatomite Cliffs is on the Danish list of tentative candidates for World Heritage and may become a world Heritage site.
The Maastricht Formation, named after the city of Maastricht, the Netherlands, is a geological formation in the Netherlands and Belgium whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous, within 500,000 years of the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, now dated at 66 million years ago. The formation is part of the Chalk Group and is between 30 and 90 metres thick. It crops out in southern parts of Dutch and Belgian Limburg and adjacent areas in Germany. It can be found in the subsurface of northern Belgium and southeastern Netherlands, especially in the Campine Basin and Roer Valley Graben. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.
The Hesbaye Group is a stratigraphic group in the subsurface of northeastern Belgium. This group was deposited during the early Paleocene epoch and is subdivided into two formations: the Houthem Formation (lower) and the Opglabbeek Formation (upper). The group is named after the region of Hesbaye in the south of Limburg.
The Opglabbeek Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the eastern part of Belgian Limburg. The formation consists of lagoonal and fluvial clay and sand and was deposited during the early Selandian. The formation is named after the town of Opglabbeek in Limburg.
The Hannut Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of northern Belgium. The formation consists of marine clay and silt, alternating with moer sandy layers. On top of this the lithology changes to limestone, siltstone and sandstone and the top of the formation is formed by a layer of glauconite bearing sand. The Hannut Formation was formed during the early to middle Thanetian age.
The Heers Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of Belgium. The formation consists of sand and marl and was deposited in the shallow sea that covered Belgium during the middle to late Selandian age of the Paleocene epoch.
The Landen Group is a lithostratigraphic unit in the Belgian subsurface. The group consists of two formations of Thanetian to Ypresian age. The Landen Group is named after the town of Landen in Flemish Brabant.
The Tienen Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of northern Belgium. The formation crops out in the province of Hainaut and the Hesbaye region in the province of Limburg. It has a late Thanetian (Paleocene) to early Ypresian (Eocene) age.
The Ieper Group is a group of rock strata in the subsurface of northwest Belgium. The group is subdivided into three marine formations, all formed during the Ypresian, a single age of the geologic timescale. Both age and group are named after the West-Flemish town of Ypres, for which the Dutch name is "Ieper".
The Dongen Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of early Eocene marine clay and sand. It is named after the town of Dongen in North Brabant.
The Rupel Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands that consists of Oligocene marine sands and clays. The Rupel Formation is part of the Middle North Sea Group and correlates exactly with the Belgian Rupel Group.
The Breda Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of marine glauconiferous sands and clays that were deposited during the Miocene epoch. Although the formation is not very rich in fossils, sometimes bones of fishes, mammals, shells and shark teeth are found.
The Tongeren Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of shallow marine, epicontinental and continental sediments, predominantly clay and sand from the late Eocene and early Oligocene epochs. The Tongeren Formation is part of the Middle North Sea Group and correlates with the Tongeren Group from Belgian stratigraphy.
The Aalter Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of northwest Belgium. The formation consists of marine clay and sand, deposited in the shallow sea that covered northern and central Belgium in the Eocene epoch.
The Gentbrugge Formation is a geologic formation in the west of Belgium. The formation crops out in East- and West-Flanders and also occurs in the subsurface of the province of Antwerpen. It consists of marine clay, silt and sand, deposited in the shallow sea that covered northern Belgium during the Ypresian age.
The Tielt Formation is a geologic formation in the subsurface of Belgium. The formation crops out in the north of Hainaut, in the southern and central parts of West- and East Flanders and in Walloon and Flemish Brabant. It consists of marine very fine sand and silt, deposited in the shallow sea that covered Belgium during the middle and late Ypresian age.
The Kortrijk Formation is a geologic formation in the Belgian subsurface. This formation crops out in northern Hainaut, southern West- and East-Flanders and in Walloon Brabant. The formation consists of marine clay from the Ypresian age.
The Voort Formation or Voort Member is a stratigraphic unit in the subsurface of north Belgium and the south of the Netherlands. The unit has the status of a formation in Belgium but is seen as a member of the Veldhoven Formation in the Netherlands. The Voort Formation consists of shallow marine sands with a late Oligocene age.
The Maldegem Formation is a geologic formation in the Belgian subsurface. The formation consists of alternating marine clay and sand strata, deposited during the late Eocene.
The Tongeren Group is a lithostratigraphic unit in the subsurface of Belgium. It consists of shallow marine, epicontinental and/or continental clays and sands from the late Eocene to early Oligocene epochs.
References
- Adrichem Boogaert, H.A. van & Kouwe, W.F.P. (eds.); 1993: Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Netherlands, revision and update by RGD and NOGEPA, Mededelingen Rijks Geologische Dienst 50, pp. 1–39
