Landhaura | |
|---|---|
Town | |
  Landhaura Location in Uttarakhand, India  Landhaura Landhaura (India) | |
| Coordinates: 29°49′N77°56′E / 29.82°N 77.93°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttarakhand |
| District | Haridwar |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 28,786 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 247664 |
| Vehicle registration | UK |
| Website | uk |
Landhaura is a town and a nagar panchayat in Haridwar district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
Gurjars were present in that area earlier than 06th century. They were initially employed as Chaukidars of small villages of Doab as to protect the peasants from attacks of war bands of more powerful villages in their neighbourhood. [1]
Later rulers of this region employed them for purpose of police and revenue collection. So after gaining strength and confidence of villagers, Gurjars settled on depopulated sites and even seized some old villages for themselves. [2]
Landhaura estate was established by a Gurjar chieftain of Khubar clan. [3] It took its name from person named Latur who migrated here after rest of his family was killed by someone, it later became Latura and over time changed to Landhaura. [4]
Najib Khan Rohilla, the Mughal Governor granted rights of revenue collection to Chaudhari Nahar Singh in 1759-60 for this taluqa. After this, more and more Gurjars flocked to Landhaura and were allotted large number of villages, which made Nahar Singh a successful peasant community chief. [5] Under Mughal rule, Gurjars annually exported 12000 to 15000 bullocks out of Saharanpur region, with revenue going to Mughal treasury at Saharanpur. [6]
Over the years Nahar Singh switched his loyalties from Mughals to Sikhs and back to Mughal governor. He was imprisoned by Zabita Khan, his estate divided in half, half given to Gurjar Ranjeet Singh, Nahar Singh’s rival. Nahar Singh collaborated with Sikhs to loot cattles in Najibabad region and later joined Mughal governor to drive out Sikhs. [7]
After Nahar Sindh died, his son Ram Dayal Singh became the chief of Landhaura.
In 1804, there was a local rebellion popularly known as Azimgardi, during which Ram Dayal Singh supported East India Company and helped to save their assets and employees. [8]
After death of Ram Dayal in 1813, succession dispute occurred between his grandson Badan Singh and infant son Kushal Singh, from wife Dhan Kunwar. A settlement was reached where Dhan Kunwar paid a large sum of money and expensive goods to Badan Singh and kept Landhaura for her infant son. [9]
In 1824, Vijay Singh Gujar, remote cousin of Ram Dayal, had planned to get rid of Kushal Singh and become head of Gurjars and joined Kallu Gurjar, the dacoit. But his plan didn't succeed as he was soon killed by Gurkhas. [10]
Kushal Singh died in 1829. Dhan Kunwar died in 1836 and Lad Kunwar (wife of Kushal Singh) died in 1849, leaving her son Harbans Singh. Harbans Singh died in 1850 when he was in his early twenties, survived by infant son Raghubir Singh. [11]
One of dancing songs among the dominant Pahansu Gurjars concerns the Gurjar chief of Landhaura, who was poisoned by his mother so that his mother's lover could rule in the dead son's place. In the song, the chief's wife refers in a veiled and sorrowful way to the murder in addressing her mother-in-law, but the chief's mother denies that the death has even occurred. [12]
During mutiny of 1857, 300 soldiers of Sappers and Miners rebelled against British in Roorkee. They marched from Roorkee to Landhaura and requested them to employ them and fight against British and they can capture Roorkee for them. Kamal Kunwar, mother of infant Raghubir Singh denied any help to rebel soldiers and they went to Nawab of Najibabad. [13]
On 11 Sep, 1857, Landhaura helped British to suppress Gurjars of nearby territory from plundering and looting, Sahib Singh Gurjar, uncle of Raghubir Singh joined with 200 of his men. [14] British rewarded Landhaura with 11 villages for their loyal conduct during the mutiny. [15]
Raghubir Singh died in 1868, just a year after getting his estate back from Court of Wards, leaving infant son Jagat Prakash who also died soon and with this, the line of succession of Landhaura ceased to exist. Estate rights were passed onto mother of Raghubir Singh, Kamal Kunwar (died in 1897) and Dharam Kunwar, widow of Raghubir Singh. [16]
Dharam Kunwar, widow of Raghubir Singh adopted Dalip Singh but her clansmen raised objection as he of different gotra, so the adoption was ultimately cancelled and later Dharam Kunwar adopted one Balwant Singh. [17]
Landhaura is located at 29°49′N77°56′E / 29.82°N 77.93°E . [18]
As of 2011 [update] India census, [19] Landhaura had a population of 28786. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Landhaura has an average literacy rate of 72%, lower than the national average of 73%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 62%. In Landhaura, 22% of the population is under 6 years of age.
It is an electoral constituency of Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly in Haridwar.Muslims and Hindu Gurjars are electoral votebank and have highest concentration in the constituency district. [20] [21] [22] [23] [24]
Haridwar is a city and municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand, India. With a population of 228,832 in 2011, it is the second-largest city in the state and the largest in the district.
Doab is a term used in South Asia for the tract of land lying between two confluent rivers. It is similar to an interfluve. In the Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, R. S. McGregor defines it as from Persian do-āb "a region lying between and reaching to the confluence of two rivers."
Muzaffarnagar is a city under Muzaffarnagar district in the Indian State of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated midway on the Delhi - Haridwar/Dehradun National Highway and is also well connected with the national railway network. It is known as the sugarbowl of Uttar Pradesh.
Uttarakhand, formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state in northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the northwest, Tibet to the north, Nepal to the east, Uttar Pradesh to the south and southeast, with a small part touching Haryana in the west. Uttarakhand has a total area of 53,566 km2 (20,682 sq mi), equal to 1.6 per cent of the total area of India. Dehradun serves as the state capital, with Nainital being the judicial capital. The state is divided into two divisions, Garhwal and Kumaon, with a total of 13 districts. The forest cover in the state is 45.4 per cent of the state's geographical area. The cultivable area is 16 per cent of the total geographical area. The two major rivers of the state, the Ganges and its tributary Yamuna, originate from the Gangotri and Yamunotri glaciers respectively.
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Roorkee is a city and a municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is 31 km (19 mi) from Haridwar city, the district headquarter. It was a part of Landhaura Princely State of Panwar Gurjar's till 1824 when the British occupied it by defeating first freedom fighter Vijay Singh Gujjar. It is spread over a flat terrain under Sivalik Hills of Himalayas. The city is developed on the banks of Ganges Canal, its dominant feature, which flows from north–south through middle of the city. Roorkee is home to Asia's first engineering college Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, formerly known as Thomson College of Civil Engineering. Roorkee is also known for the Roorkee Cantonment, one of the country's oldest military establishments and the headquarters of Bengal Engineer Group since 1853. A freight train ran in between Roorkee and Piran Kaliyar on 22 December 1851, this was two years before first passenger trains were started between Bombay and Thana in 1853 and 14 years after first freight trains ran in Chennai in 1837.
Saharanpur district is the northernmost of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India. Bordering the states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and close to the foothills of Shivalik range, it lies in the northern part of the Doab region.
The Ganges Canal or Ganga Canal is a canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India.
Muzaffarnagar district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. It is part of Saharanpur division. The city of Muzaffarnagar is the district headquarters. This district is the part of National Capital Region.
Haridwar district also spelled as Hardwar is part of Uttarakhand, India.It lies in doab region where people speak khari boli. It is headquartered at Haridwar which is also its largest city. The district is ringed by the districts Dehradun in the north and east, Pauri Garhwal in the east and the Uttar Pradesh districts of Muzaffarnagar and Bijnor in the south and Saharanpur in the west.
Laksar is a small town, near Haridwar city and Nagar Palika in Haridwar district of the Indian state of Uttarakhand, situated along National Highway 334A. It is an important sugar manufacturing destination in the state and also known for the Laksar Junction railway station (LRJ), the largest railway junction in the state, which was built in 1866.
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