Lao Evangelical Church

Last updated

The Lao Evangelical Church (LEC) is the largest registered Christian church in Laos.

Contents

In 2021, the LEC estimated its membership at more than 200,000 people [1] with 200 ordained Pastors. The LEC is headquartered in Nakham Village, in Vientiane Capital. There are three main churches in Vientiane capital, Nakham, Naxai and Anou church. These three churches are headed by the national leaders of the LEC.

History

Regarding the History of the LEC, the church itself has not provided any kind of official history. However this information has been gathered based on other organizations that have worked with in Laos or have worked with the LEC.

The Lao Evangelical Church (LEC) grew out of the work of Swedish Protestant (1890), Swiss Brethren (1902) and Christian and Missionary Alliance missionaries (1928). The missionaries who worked in three different parts of the country came together and adopted a constitution to establish the LEC in 1956. The newly formed church was granted corporate status by the Royal Lao Government in 1960. The change of government in 1975 affected the church negatively. Between 1975 and 1990, the church did not have any contacts with the outside world as the country remained a closed-door society where religious freedom was restricted. Since the country opened up in 1990, the membership of the LEC has been growing. The LEC recently started a Bible school training programme at its headquarters in the state capital Vientiane. Until now most of the pastors were trained in neighboring countries. Since 1975, no expatriate missionaries have been permitted to work within Laos. Although public evangelical activities are not encouraged by the socialist government, the churches in the capital city, towns and rural areas are experiencing considerable growth, especially with increasing youth membership.

In 2008, the LEC was accepted as a member of the World Council of Churches; [2] the church was already a member of the Christian Conference of Asia. [3]

Leadership

The LEC picks its own leadership and it is self-governed. The LEC is ruled by The LEC Committee which is headed by the President of the LEC, Vice Presidents, Secretary, and a Treasurer. Although the LEC is self-governed it still must report activities to the Lao Front of National Construction of the Lao Government, per Decree #92.

Vientiane Capital Main Churches

Naxai Church, Vientiane, Laos Naxai Church.jpg
Naxai Church, Vientiane, Laos

The three churches of the LEC in Vientiane are

Foreigners

Foreigners are welcome to attend the three main church services in the Vientiane Capital. They are welcome to assist in translating the church service for other foreigners, however they are not invited to participate in any other way.

Churches in Other Provinces

There are many LEC churches throughout the provinces, with no exact number at this time of how many churches there actually are. Major cities generally have at least one LEC church. However, in many parts of the country foreigners are advised not to attend the church services. If you are tourist generally speaking you will not cause any problems if you pop in a church service on a Sunday morning, however for foreigners that are living in Laos attendance at countryside LEC churches can raise suspicions of intentions to mislead the local church against the country and authority. Foreigners living outside of Vientiane who wish to attend an LEC church in their area should check first with other foreigners living there or with the pastor of the church to find out whether attendance would be welcomed or would cause problems.

Memberships

At this time only Lao citizens may become official members and become ordained through the LEC. Due to government restriction towards Christianity there have been no allowed foreigners to become members or ordained ministers through the LEC.

Partnerships

The LEC has been a member of the Christian Conference of Asia (CCA) since 1967, but did not have contacts with CCA from 1975 to 1990 due to the political situation in the country. Ever since the LEC was allowed to relate with overseas Christian bodies, it became an active member of CCA.

The LEC also partners with NMS (Norwegian Missions Society) and also with Mission OneWorld.

Training

The LEC has its own training center for lay leaders and pastors, however the training is very little and inadequate for solid theology and leadership development. The LEC has been able to provide training through partnerships that have been able to support a few of its leaders to receive education from seminaries overseas.

LEC Members who seek Theology education on their own without LEC official, their education will not be accepted. One of the greatest concerns stated from LEC is foreigners taking their youth and training them in "their way". The response of these groups is that there are issues with LEC Training and Education is that it is exclusive and majority of Christian's who are interested in taking on a leadership role do not know the steps to receive training. LEC's rule about training outside is meant to protect from false teaching, but the rule is used to restrict and control who is in leadership based on the national leader's view and family.

Decree #92

Decree #92 is the Prime Minister's Decree that allows the Church to exist in Laos. It states how a religion can register with the Government and what the religion can do or not do. It also states requirements for various education training for the religion. This decree states that all denominations of Christianity are welcome to register with the government, although there have been no other denominations that has been allowed to register with the government besides the LEC, Seventh-day Adventists, and Catholics.

Rules

The LEC has a list of rules and regulations that have been established for leadership, members, and policies. The national leadership has stated that many of the rules are meant to protect and oversee issues in the church, leadership, and its members. Many outsiders and even insiders find that these rules and policies are in practice harmful for the church. If general church member is caught breaking the rule or policy, they are punished, however if a leader has been caught, the church as a whole generally keep it quiet.

The general punishment for those who break the rules are public humiliation, they are brought up in front of the church or group and it is then read in a written document what they did wrong. It also involves losing the right to take the Lord Supper/Holy Communion and not having the right to lead, teach or be involved in activities for a period of time. This type of punishment is similar to the Roman Catholic Church punishment called Excommunication, which by majority of evangelical churches is seen as un-biblical and was given up at the reformation split.

Human Rights and Corruption

Since the early 1990s there has been much corruption in the church and much of it has been related to the authority of the President of the LEC. According to a report LAOS: Situation Analysis and Trend Assessment, A Writenet Report by Grant Evans commissioned by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Protection Information Section (DIP)[ citation needed ] written in May 2004 states the following things: "the Khunta Panya family from Savannakhet, a member of which continues to control the single protestant organization established under the Lao Front after 1975, the Lao Evangelical Church (LEC)." and "The LEC under the Khunta Panya family has developed an independent strand of Lao Protestantism which is very strict." and "The continued family control of the LEC is ensured both by its authoritarian organization, and by the LFNC whose top down structure it mirrors. The symbiosis between the two is shown by the fact that the LEC operates asa gatekeeper for the LFNC vis-à-vis new and competing protestant groups, such as the Lutherans, the Jehovah’s Witnesses or the Baptists, all of whom would have to be approved by the LFNC before they could operate legally inside the country. For example, the Methodists recently tried to petition for recognition by taking the bold step of bussing followers from 11 out of the country’s 18 provinces to the LFNC offices in Vientiane. LFNC officials have been bewildered when confronted by all these different strands of “Christianity”. [4] The President was Rev. Dr. Khamphone Khuntapanya, who died in January 2022. [5]

In 2022 an LEC preacher was reportedly murdered after months of intimidation. [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laos</span> Country in Southeast Asia

Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. Its capital and largest city is Vientiane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lao people</span> Ethnic group

The Lao people are a Tai ethnic group native to Southeast Asia, who speak the Lao language of the Kra–Dai languages. They are the majority ethnic group of Laos, making up 53.2% of the total population. The majority of Lao people adhere to Theravada Buddhism. They are closely related to other Tai people, especially with the Isan people, who are also speakers of Lao language, native to neighboring Thailand.

P'ent'ay is an originally Amharic–Tigrinya language term for Pentecostal Christians. Today, the term refers to all Evangelical Protestant denominations and organisations in Ethiopian and Eritrean societies. Alternative terms include Ethiopian–Eritrean Evangelicalism or the Ethiopian–Eritrean Evangelical Church. Sometimes the denominations and organizations are known as Wenigēlawī.

Protestants in Vietnam are a religious minority, constituting 1% of the population in 2022. Though its numbers are small, Protestantism is the country's fastest-growing religion, growing at a rate of 600% in the early 2000s.

Protestantism in Laos make up about 80% of the Christian population of the country in 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christian Conference of Asia</span>

The Christian Conference of Asia is a regional ecumenical organisation representing 15 National Councils and over 100 denominations (churches) in New Zealand, Australia, Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, East Timor, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Laos, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Thailand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Catholic Church in Laos</span>

The Catholic Church in Laos is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the pope in Rome. The Catholic Church is officially recognized by the government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in Botswana</span> Christianity history of botswana

More than 70% of the population of Botswana is Christian. Most are members of the Anglican, United Congregational Church of Southern Africa, the Methodist Church of Southern Africa, and African independent churches. Anglicans are part of the Church of the Province of Central Africa. The Roman Catholic Church includes about 5% of the nation's population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel McGilvary</span>

Daniel McGilvary (1828–1911) was an American Presbyterian missionary who played an important role in the expansion of Protestantism in Northern Siam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in Algeria</span>

Christianity came to North Africa in the Roman era. According to historian Theodor Mommsen what is now Mediterranean Algeria was fully Christian by the fifth century. A notable Berber Christian of Algeria was Saint Augustine, important saints in Christianity. Christianity's influence declined during the chaotic period of the Vandal invasions but was strengthened in the succeeding Byzantine period. After the Arab invasions of the 7th century, Christianity began to gradually disappear.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in Sri Lanka</span> Minority religion in Sri Lanka

Christianity is a minority religion in Sri Lanka. It was introduced to the island in first century. Traditionally, after Thomas the Apostle's visit in Kerala in AD 52, Christianity is said to have been introduced to Sri Lanka because of its close geographical and commercial ties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in Laos</span>

Christianity is a minority religion in Laos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in Thailand</span> Religious demographics of Thailand

Christianity was first introduced to Thailand by European missionaries. In 2021, it represented 1.2% of the national population, which is predominantly Buddhist. Christians are numerically and organizationally concentrated more heavily in the north, where they make up an estimated 16% of some lowland districts and up to very high percents in tribal districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Laos</span> Religion in the country

Theravada Buddhism is the largest religion in Laos.

The Constitution of Laos provides for freedom of religion; however, the Government restricted this right in practice. Some government officials committed abuses of citizens' religious freedom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Namibia</span>

Religion in Namibia is dominated by various branches of Christianity, with more than 90 percent of Namibian citizens identifying themselves as Christian. According to the government's survey, in 2013 up to 97% of the country was Protestant, including as much as 50% Lutheran.

The Baháʼí Faith in Laos begins after a brief mention by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá in 1916 and the first Baháʼí enters Laos in about 1955. The first Baháʼí Local Spiritual Assembly is known to be first elected by 1958 in Vientiane and eventually Laos' own National Spiritual Assembly is first elected in 1967. The current community is approximately eight thousand adherents and four centers: Vientiane, Vientiane Province, Kaysone Phomvihane, Pakxe and smaller populations in other provinces. While well established and able to function as communities in these cities, Baháʼís have a harder time in other provinces and cannot print their own religious materials. The Association of Religion Data Archives estimated almost 14000 Baháʼís in 2005.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Laos</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in Laos go unreported and unnoticed. While homosexuality is legal in Laos, it is very difficult to assess the current state of acceptance and violence that LGBT people face because of government interference. Numerous claims have suggested that Laos is one of the most tolerant communist states. Despite such claims, discrimination still exists. Laos provides no anti-discrimination protections for LGBT people, nor does it prohibit hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for any of the rights that opposite-sex married couples enjoy, as neither same-sex marriage nor civil unions are legal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Honduras</span>

The predominant religion in Honduras is Christianity, representing 87% of the total population according to a 2017 estimate. The country is secular and the freedom of religion is enshrined in the nation's constitution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borneo Evangelical Church</span> Evangelical Christian denomination in Malaysia

The Borneo Evangelical Church or SIB is an evangelical Christian denomination in Malaysia. The church was organised in 1959 from the work of the Borneo Evangelical Mission with help from the Christian and Missionary Alliance Church in Indonesia

References

  1. US State Dept 2022 report
  2. World Council of Churches website, article dated 2/18/08
  3. Christian Conference of Asia membership page, retrieved 2023-08-08
  4. Evans, Grant (2004). LAOS: Situation Analysis and Trend Assessment. United Kingdom: WRITENET. pp. 14–15.
  5. Christian Conference of Asia website
  6. Religion Unplugged website