The National Human Rights Commission of India is a statutory body constituted on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Ordinance of 28 September 1993. It was given a statutory basis by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 (PHRA). The NHRC is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights, defined by the act as "Rights Relating To Life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by courts in India".
The Hudud Ordinances are laws in Pakistan enacted in 1979 as part of the Islamization of Pakistan by Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, the sixth president of Pakistan. It replaced parts of the British-era Pakistan Penal Code, adding new criminal offences of adultery and fornication, and new punishments of whipping, amputation, and stoning to death. After much controversy and criticism parts of the law were extensively revised in 2006 by the Women's Protection Bill.
Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry is a Pakistani jurist who served as the 20th Chief Justice of Pakistan over three non-consecutive terms from 29 June 2005 to 11 December 2013.
The Federal Shariat Court (FSC) is a constitutional court of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Sharia law. The court was established in 1980 during the government of the President General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. It is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It hears appeals under the Hudood Ordinances, a religious legislation in the country introduced in 1979.
The Women's Protection Bill which was passed by the National Assembly of Pakistan on 15 November 2006 is an attempt to amend the heavily criticised 1979 Hudood Ordinance laws which govern the punishment for rape and adultery in Pakistan. Critics of the Hudood Ordinance alleged that it made it exceptionally difficult and dangerous to prove an allegation of rape, and thousands of women had been imprisoned as a result of the bill. The bill returned a number of offences from the Zina Ordinance to the Pakistan Penal Code, where they had been before 1979, and created an entirely new set of procedures governing the prosecution of the offences of adultery and fornication. Whipping and amputation were removed as punishments. The law meant women would not be jailed if they were unable to prove rape and their complaints of rape would not be seen as confession of adultery.
National Commission on Status of Women (NCSW) is a Pakistani statutory body established by the President Pervez Musharraf, under the XXVI Ordinance dated 17 July 2000. It is an outcome of the national and international commitments of the Government of Pakistan like Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, 1995; and 1998 National Plan of Action (NPA) for Women, 1998.
Nepal Law Commission is a statutory body formed in order to draft laws, conduct legal research and initiate legal reforms in Nepal.
Makhdoom Ali Khan, is a practising Senior Advocate Supreme Court. Makhdoom Ali Khan is a former Attorney General of Pakistan, former chairman Pakistan Bar Council, former member of the Law and Justice Commission of Pakistan, former board member of the Federal Judicial Academy of Pakistan and a former board member of the Sindh Judicial Academy. He is a serving Member on the Governing Board of the British Pakistan Law Council, an Officer of the Board of the Forum for International Conciliation and Arbitration (FICACIC), a member of the Board of Trustees of the Dubai International Arbitration Centre, a member of the Advisory Board of the Citizens Police Liaison Committee (CPLC), a former member of the court of the London Court of International Arbitration and a member of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Dispute's (ICSID) Chairman's Panel of Arbitrators. He has consistently been ranked amongst the top three litigators in Pakistan over the last three decades both by reputation and in international rankings in legal publications and amongst the top two litigators in the Sindh High Court in Karachi. Since his return to private practice in 2007 he is globally regarded as the preeminent commercial, taxation and constitutional litigator, arbitrator and arbitration lawyer in Pakistan.
The Balochistan High Court is the highest judicial institution of Balochistan, Pakistan. The court is formally known as the High Court of Balochistan. It is situated in the provincial capital, Quetta.
Qazi Faez Isa is a Pakistani jurist who has been a Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan since 5 September 2014. He is the senior-most Justice of the Supreme Court after the Chief Justice Umar Ata Bandial. Previously, he served as Chief Justice of the Balochistan High Court from 2009 to 2014.
The Judicial Service Commission (JSC) of Kenya is an independent Commission established under Article 171 of the Constitution of Kenya. Its mandate as stipulated in Article 172 of the Constitution is to promote and facilitate the independence and accountability of the Judiciary and the efficient, effective and transparent administration of justice. The commission has 11 members with the initial team appointed in December 2010.
Muhammad Raza Khan is a former Federal Secretary, Ministry of Law, Justice and Human Rights and a retired Chief Justice of Peshawar High Court. He was born in District Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on 8 August 1946.
Umar Ata Bandial is a Pakistani jurist who is currently serving as the 28th outgoing Chief Justice of Pakistan. His appointment as the new Chief Justice was approved by President Arif Alvi on 13 January 2022, after which he assumed his office on 2 February 2022.
The Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission is a statutory body in Hong Kong responsible for advising and making recommendations to the Chief Executive on judicial appointments and related matters established after the Handover in accordance with the Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission Ordinance. According to Article 88 of the Basic Law, the Chief Executive shall appoint judges on the recommendation of the Commission, suggesting that she is not empowered to make appointments on her own accord.
Muhammad Noor Meskanzai was a Pakistani judge who served as the 17th Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court. Prior to his appointment as chief justice of the Islamic Court on 15 May 2021, he served as the 18th chief justice of Balochistan High Court from 26 December 2014 to 31 August 2018. He was assassinated by an outlawed insurgent group in his hometown. His killer was arrested 2 weeks after his assassination and is now under investigation of ISI, so the facilitators of murder and other suspects could also be arrested in the case.
Riaz Ahmad Khan was a Pakistani judge who served as the 15th chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court from 7 March 2015 to 14 May 2017. Prior to his retirement from legal services in May 2014, he served as Islamabad High Court judge. He was appointed as additional deputy prosecutor at the National Accountability Bureau and a member of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bar Council in 1999. He also served as acting chief justice of Islamabad High Court in 2013.
Fazal Ellahi Khan is a Pakistani lawyer and a retired judge who served as the 9th chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court from 12 January 2000 to 11 January 2003 and the Supreme Court of Pakistan judge on 3 April 1993.
Mian Mehboob Ahmad is a Pakistani retired judge who served as the 8th chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court from 8 January 1997 to 7 January 2000, and the 29th chief justice of the Lahore High Court from 3 January 1991 to 27 June 1994.
The Press Council of Pakistan (PCP) is a federal government agency of Pakistan responsible for maintaining press, speech and expression freedom for newspapers, editors, journalists, and news websites and agencies in the country. It also prevents violation of ethical code to maintain an independent press ecosystem. The agency is tasked with preventing fake news and review any development in journalism ethics and standards with prime focus on code of ethics in media.
Irfan Qadir is a Pakistani lawyer and jurist who served as the Special Assistant to the Prime Minister on Accountability and Interior from September 2022 to August 2023. He also served as the 29th Attorney-General for Pakistan from April 2012 to June 2013, and was a Justice of the Lahore High Court in 2009.
