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The politics of Tunisia takes place within the framework of a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic, with a president serving as head of state, prime minister as head of government, a unicameral legislature and a court system influenced by French civil law. Between 1956 and 2011, Tunisia operated as a de facto one-party state, with politics dominated by the secular Constitutional Democratic Rally (RCD) under former presidents Habib Bourguiba and then Zine el Abidine Ben Ali. However, in 2011 a national uprising led to the ousting of Ben Ali and the dismantling of the RCD, paving the way for a multi-party democracy. October 2014 saw the first democratic parliamentary elections since the 2011 revolution, resulting in a win by the secularist Nidaa Tounes party with 85 seats in the 217-member assembly.
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The Ksar Hellal Congress was the first and founding congress of the Neo Destour party. The 1934 Neo Destour Congress was organized by the secessionist members of the Destour party, in Ksar Hellal, on March 2, 1934. It ended, that very night, with the creation of a new political party.
References
- 1 2 "News, Media and Television in Tunisia". Kasbah. Archived from the original on 24 February 2003. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ↑ Robin Bidwell (2012). Dictionary of Modern Arab History. London; New York: Routledge. p. 304. ISBN 978-1-136-16298-5.
- ↑ Harry Back; et al. (1967). Dictionnaire de Politique Et D'économie. Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 882. ISBN 978-3-11-000892-0.
- 1 2 William A. Rugh (2004). Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics. Westport, CT; London: Praeger. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-275-98212-6.
- ↑ Study on media development in Tunisia: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators. Paris: UNESCO. 2013. p. 16. ISBN 978-92-3-001188-8.
- 1 2 Edward Webb (2014). Media in Egypt and Tunisia: From Control to Transition?. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-1-137-40996-6.
- ↑ Roland Lank (18 February 2003). "Tunisia: 'Seven Versions of Pravda'". World Press. Tunis. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ↑ Amy Aisen Kallander (Winter 2013). "From TUNeZINE to Nhar 3la 3mmar: A Reconsideration of the Role of Bloggers in Tunisia's Revolution". Arab Media and Society (17).
- ↑ Christopher Barrie (6 September 2012). "Tunisian Media: Al-Nahda Tightens its Control". Al Akhbar. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- ↑ Larbi Sadiki (2002). "Bin Ali's Tunisia: Democracy by Non-Democratic Means". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies . 29 (1): 64. doi:10.1080/13530190220124061. S2CID 145333053.