The mass media in Poland consist of several different types of communications media including television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet. During the communist regime in Poland the Stalinist press doctrine dominated and controlled Polish media. The country instituted freedom of press since the fall of communism. The Polish media system's main features are the product of the country's socio-political and economic post-communist transition. These features include: the privatisation of the press sector; the transformation of the state radio and television into public broadcasting services; influx of foreign capital into the media market and European integration of audiovisual media policies. Today the media landscape is very plural but highly polarized along political and ideological divides.
Adam Michnik is a Polish historian, essayist, former dissident, public intellectual, and editor-in-chief of the Polish newspaper, Gazeta Wyborcza.
El País is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain. El País is based in the capital city of Madrid and it is owned by the Spanish media conglomerate PRISA.
Gazeta Wyborcza is a Polish daily newspaper based in Warsaw, Poland. Covering the gamut of political, international and general news from a conservative liberal perspective, the Gazeta Wyborcza was Poland's first independent daily newspaper after the era of "real socialism".
TheGuardian.com, formerly known as Guardian.co.uk and Guardian Unlimited, is a British news and media website owned by the Guardian Media Group. It contains nearly all of the content of the newspapers The Guardian and The Observer, as well as a substantial body of web-only work produced by its own staff, including a rolling news service. As of November 2014, it was the second most popular online newspaper in the UK with over 17 million readers per month; with over 21 million monthly readers, Mail Online was the most popular.
Rossiyskaya Gazeta is a Russian newspaper published by the Government of Russia. The daily newspaper serves as the official government gazette of the Government of the Russian Federation, publishing government-related affairs such as official decrees, statements and documents of state bodies, the promulgation of newly approved laws, Presidential decrees, and government announcements. First issued on 11 November 1990, Rossiyskaya Gazeta has a circulation of 185,445 as of 2010, making it one of the largest Russian and Russian language newspapers.
La Opinión is a Spanish-language news outlet, that publishes a website and a daily newspaper based in Los Angeles, California, US. It is the largest Spanish-language newspaper in the United States and the second-most read newspaper in Los Angeles. It is published by ImpreMedia, LLC.
Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej is an opinion polling institute in Poland, based in Warsaw. Originally established in communist Poland in 1982, it has operated as a non-profit public foundation created by a special law since 1997. Its statutory purpose is to provide data on the population's opinion regarding political and social issues. Major Polish newspapers and news magazines, such as Gazeta Wyborcza, Rzeczpospolita, and Polityka, regularly commission CBOS to conduct polls. Apart from its public function, CBOS also conducts commercial market research to help finance its operations.
El Diario Nueva York is the largest and the oldest Spanish-language daily in the United States. Published by ImpreMedia, the paper covers local, national and international news with an emphasis on Latin America, as well as human-interest stories, politics, business and technology, health, entertainment, and sports. El Diario Nueva York currently has 294,769 daily readers and 676,570 unique readers each week. Online, it reaches over 5 million users monthly, and it has more than 800,000 followers in social networks.
Dziennik Polska-Europa-Świat was a Polish nationwide daily newspaper published by Ringier Axel Springer, a joint venture between Germany's Axel Springer Verlag publishing company and Swiss media company Ringier.
Fakt is a Polish tabloid daily newspaper published in Warsaw, Poland, by Ringier Axel Springer Polska, and is one of the best-selling papers in Poland.
Agora Spółka Akcyjna is a Polish media company. Agora and Gazeta Wyborcza were created on the eve of the parliamentary elections in 1989. Gazeta Wyborcza became the first independent newspaper in Poland, while Agora grew into one of the largest and most renowned media companies in Poland. Since 1999 Agora's shares have been listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
Sławomir Witold Sierakowski is a Polish journalist, literary critic and sociologist as well as head of Krytyka Polityczna, a movement of left-wing intellectuals, artists and activists based in Poland and director of Institute for Advanced Study in Warsaw.
A paywall is a method of restricting access to content, especially news, via a purchase or a paid subscription. Beginning in the mid-2010s, newspapers started implementing paywalls on their websites as a way to increase revenue after years of decline in paid print readership and advertising revenue, partly due to the use of ad blockers. In academics, research papers are often subject to a paywall and are available via academic libraries that subscribe.
Vitaly Eduardovich Portnikov is a Ukrainian editor and journalist.
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background.
Online journalism in India is a growing field shared between traditional media and the growing blogging community. Large media companies, traditionally print and television focused, continue to dominate the journalism environment now online but a growing group of dedicated bloggers are providing an independent voice.
Media pluralism defines the state of having a plurality of voices, opinions and analyses on media system or the coexistence of different and diverse types of medias and media support.
OKO.press is a Polish investigative journalism website created on 15 June 2016. The name is a word play on oko, Polish for eye, and an abbreviation for "Ośrodek Kontroli Obywatelskiej".
