Nizami Ganjavi,Nizami Ganje'i,Nizami,or Nezāmi,whose formal name was Jamal ad-Dīn AbūMuḥammad Ilyās ibn-Yūsuf ibn-Zakkī,was a 12th-century Muslim poet. Nezāmi is considered the greatest romantic epic poet in Persian literature,who brought a colloquial and realistic style to the Persian epic. His heritage is widely appreciated and shared by Afghanistan,Republic of Azerbaijan,Iran,the Kurdistan region and Tajikistan.
Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures. It spans over two-and-a-half millennia. Its sources have been within Greater Iran including present-day Iran,Iraq,Afghanistan,the Caucasus,and Turkey,regions of Central Asia,South Asia and the Balkans where the Persian language has historically been either the native or official language. For example,Rumi,one of the best-loved Persian poets,born in Balkh or Wakhsh,wrote in Persian and lived in Konya,at that time the capital of the Seljuks in Anatolia. The Ghaznavids conquered large territories in Central and South Asia and adopted Persian as their court language. There is thus Persian literature from Iran,Mesopotamia,Azerbaijan,the wider Caucasus,Turkey,Pakistan,Bangladesh,India,Tajikistan and other parts of Central Asia,as well as the Balkans. Not all Persian literature is written in Persian,as some consider works written by ethnic Persians or Iranians in other languages,such as Greek and Arabic,to be included. At the same time,not all literature written in Persian is written by ethnic Persians or Iranians,as Turkic,Caucasian,Indic and Slavic poets and writers have also used the Persian language in the environment of Persianate cultures.
The maqāma is an (originally) Arabic prosimetric literary genre which alternates the Arabic rhymed prose known as Saj‘ with intervals of poetry in which rhetorical extravagance is conspicuous.
The Timurid Empire,self-designated as Gurkani,was a late medieval,culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century,comprising modern-day Iran,Iraq,Afghanistan,much of Central Asia,the South Caucasus,as well as parts of contemporary Pakistan,North India and Turkey. The empire was culturally hybrid,combining Turko-Mongolian and Persianate influences,with the last members of the dynasty being "regarded as ideal Perso-Islamic rulers".
Muhammad bin Suleyman,better known by his pen name Fuzuli,was a 16th-century poet who composed works in his native Azerbaijani,as well as Persian and Arabic. He is regarded as one of the greatest poets of Turkic literature and a prominent figure in both Azerbaijani and Ottoman literature. Fuzuli's work was widely known and admired throughout the Persianate Turkic cultural domain from the 16th to the 19th century,with his fame reaching as far as Central Asia and India.
Rakhshandeh E'tesami,better known as Parvin E'tesami,was an Iranian 20th-century Persian poet.
Mahsati was a medieval Persian female poet who was reportedly one of the first poets to compose ruba'iyat (quatrains) in her native language.
Qatran Tabrizi was a Persian writer,who is considered to have been one of the leading poets in 11th-century Iran. A native of the northwestern region of Azarbaijan,he spent all of his life there as well as in the neighbouring region of Transcaucasia,mainly serving as a court poet under the local dynasties of the Rawadids and Shaddadids.
Iranian studies,also referred to as Iranology and Iranistics,is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the research and study of the civilization,history,literature,art and culture of Iranian peoples. It is a part of the wider field of Oriental studies.
Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak is a Persian literary figure and Iranologist.
James Thomas Monroe,or James T. Monroe,is an American scholar and translator of Arabic. He is emeritus professor of Arabic and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley,focusing on Classical Arabic Literature and Hispano-Arabic Literature. His doctorate was from Harvard University. Professor Monroe "works in the areas of lyric poetry,the Middle Ages,and East-West relations with particular interest in the importance of the Arab contribution to Spanish civilization."
Franklin D. Lewis was an Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature,and Chair of the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at the University of Chicago with affiliations to the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Chicago. He taught classes on Persian language and literature,medieval Islamic thought,Sufism,Baha'i Studies,translation studies,and Iranian cinema.
Layla and Majnun is an old story of Arab origin,about the 7th-century Arabic poet Qays ibn al-Mulawwah and his lover Layla bint Mahdi.
Medieval Spanish literature consists of the corpus of literary works written in medieval Spanish between the beginning of the 13th and the end of the 15th century. Traditionally,the first and last works of this period are taken to be respectively the Cantar de Mio Cid,an epic poem whose manuscript dates from 1207,and La Celestina (1499),a work commonly described as transitional between the medieval period and the Renaissance.
Nasrin Rahimieh is an Iranian-born American literary critic,editor,and educator. Rahimieh is the Howard Baskerville Professor of Humanities in the Department of Comparative Literature and the Director of the Humanities Core program at the University of California,Irvine (UCI).
Abraham of Toledo,also known as Abraham Alfaquín and Abraham ibn Waqar,was an Iberian Jewish physician and translator of the Toledo School of Translators.
Essays on Nima Yushij:Animating Modernism in Persian Poetry is a 2004 book edited by Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak and Kamran Talattof,in which the authors examine the question of poetic modernity in She'r-e Nimaa'i.
Alireza Korangy is an Iranian-American literary critic,philologist and linguist. He is currently faculty at the American University of Beirut. He was previously an Assistant Professor at the University of Virginia. Korangy also taught at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He is the editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Persian Literature and is known for his works on Persian poetry,Iranian and Semitic philology and linguistics,and folklore.
Rebecca Ruth Gould is a writer,translator,and Professor of Islamic Studies and Comparative Literature at the University of Birmingham. Her academic interests are the Caucasus,Comparative Literature,Islam,Islamic Law,Islamic Studies,Persian literature,Poetics and Poetry. Her PhD dissertation focused on Persian prison poetry,and was published in revised form as The Persian Prison Poem:Sovereignty and the Political Imagination (2021). Her articles have received awards from English PEN,the International Society for Intellectual History’s Charles Schmitt Prize,the Modern Language Association’s Florence Howe Award for Feminist Scholarship,and the British Association for American Studies’Arthur Miller Centre Essay Prize. Gould's work also deals with legal theory and the theory of racism,and she has become an influential critic of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's Working Definition of Antisemitism.
The Vita Mahometi is a short Latin biography of Muḥammad composed in 1221–1222. It is preserved in a single manuscript,now códice 10 in the church of Santa María la Mayor in Uncastillo. It was probably composed in the same area in the north of Aragon. Its author is not named in the manuscript,but it may have been written by the same author as the work that precedes it,the Tractatus contra Iudaeos. He introduces himself as a Jewish convert to Christianity who took the name Peter.
