Libice nad Cidlinou

Last updated
Libice nad Cidlinou
Municipality
Kostel Svateho Vojtecha v Libici.jpg
Church of Saint Adalbert
Flag of Libice nad Cidlinou.svg
Flag
Libice nad Cidlinou znak.png
Coat of arms
Relief Map of Czech Republic.png
Red pog.svg
Libice nad Cidlinou
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°7′37″N15°10′42″E / 50.12694°N 15.17833°E / 50.12694; 15.17833
CountryFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic
Region Central Bohemian
District Nymburk
First mentioned981
Area
 • Total9.99 km2 (3.86 sq mi)
Elevation
190 m (620 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01) [1]
 • Total1,249
 • Density130/km2 (320/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
289 07
Website www.libicenadcidlinou.cz

Libice nad Cidlinou (German : Libitz an der Cidlina) is a municipality and village in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,200 inhabitants. It is one of the oldest settlements in Bohemia.

Contents

Geography

Libice nad Cidlinou is located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Nymburk and 44 km (27 mi) east of Prague. It lies in the Central Elbe Table lowland within the Polabí region. The village is situated on the right bank of the Cidlina River, near its confluence with the Elbe.

History

Statue of St. Adalbert and Radim Gaudentius Socha Svateho Vojtecha a Radima.jpg
Statue of St. Adalbert and Radim Gaudentius

According to pottery finds, a Slavic settlement was established here in the 6th century. Libice emerged in the 9th century as the capital gord of the Slavník family. The first written mention of Libice is from 981 and relates to a mention from the Chronica Boemorum . [2]

In 995, Libice was stormed by Bohemian Duke Boleslaus II (Přemyslid) and the Vršovci clan, who killed most of the Slavník family and annexed Libice to Prague. Adalbert of Prague and his brother, Archbishop Radim Gaudentius, survived by taking refuge in land of the Polans under rule of Boleslaus II. [2]

In the 11th century, the gord survived and continued to function as an important administrative centre of Bohemia. In 1108, Božej of the Vršovci family lived here as a castellan. [2] In 1130, Libice was destroyed by a large fire. The village was renewed, but the gord disappeared, and the stones from it served as building material for the villagers. According to deeds from 1228 and 1233, the village was then owned by the St. George's Convent in Prague. In 1336, the convent sold Libice to Ješek of Všechlapy. [3]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1869657—    
1880824+25.4%
1890842+2.2%
1900953+13.2%
19101,081+13.4%
YearPop.±%
19211,136+5.1%
19301,239+9.1%
19501,237−0.2%
19611,500+21.3%
19701,419−5.4%
YearPop.±%
19801,390−2.0%
19911,313−5.5%
20011,294−1.4%
20111,310+1.2%
20211,190−9.2%
Source: Censuses [4] [5]

Transport

The D11 motorway passes through the municipality.

Sights

On the western edge of the village lies the area of Slavník gord with models of the foundations of the Ottonian church from the 10th century and the palace from the 11th century. A bronze statue of Saint Adalbert of Prague and Radim Gaudentius stands in front of the foundations of the church. In 1961, the area was declared an archaeological monument reserve. Since 1989, the acropolis of the gord has been a national cultural monument. [6] [7]

Other sights in Libice include the Church of St. Adalbert and the Evangelical church. [6] The Church of St. Adalbert dates from the 14th century, but was rebuilt to its current form in 1836. [8]

Notable people

Related Research Articles

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Adalbert of Prague, known in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia by his birth name Vojtěch, was a Czech missionary and Christian saint. He was the Bishop of Prague and a missionary to the Hungarians, Poles, and Prussians, who was martyred in his efforts to convert the Baltic Prussians to Christianity. He is said to be the composer of the oldest Czech hymn Hospodine, pomiluj ny and Bogurodzica, the oldest known Polish hymn, but his authorship of them has not been confirmed.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slavník dynasty</span>

The Slavniks/Slavníks or Slavnikids was a dynasty in the Duchy of Bohemia during the 10th century. It is considered to be of White Croats origin. The center of the semi-independent principality was the gord of Libice located at the confluence of the rivers Cidlina and Elbe. The Slavníks competed with the Přemyslid dynasty for control over Bohemia and eventually succumbed to them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soběslav (died 1004)</span>

Soběslav or Soběbor was the brother of Saint Adalbert of Prague (Vojtěch), son of Střezislava and Slavník and a friend of Polish king, Boleslaus the Brave. He was equally powerful as the Přemyslid dynasty in his time, to whom he took a rather confrontational attitude. Even minting his own coinage, which had previously been the privilege of the Přemyslid court in Prague. Presumably the minting of coins began to take place after the episcopal election of Vojtěch. Likely in 995 fighting occurred between Slavník dynasty and Přemyslid dynasty soldiers. This prompted Soběslav to take his grudge against the Přemyslids to the Emperor. While he was in Germany, on the 27th or the 28th of September, Přemyslid soldiers attacked the Slavník stronghold of Libice nad Cidlinou killing all members of the Slavník dynasty present. Soběslav then took part in a Imperial expedition against pagan Slavs, and then went to Boleslaus the Brave to obtain sanctuary in Poland. In 1004, Soběslav led the Charváts tribe and died on a bridge over the Vltava river in Prague in a battle between a Polish force retreating after besieging Prague Castle, and a Imperial-cum-Bohemian expeditionary force.

Slavník was a White Croatian Bohemian nobleman, and the founder of the Slavník dynasty. Slavník rose to power during the reign of Boleslaus II of the Přemyslid dynasty. Slavník controlled significant estates within central Bohemia, and was overlord of the site of Libice nad Cidlinou.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Massacre of the Slavníks</span>

The Massacre of the Slavníks was an act of violence during which Bohemian nobles slaughtered the members of the important Slavník dynasty in Libice on 28 September 995. Only Soběslav, Adalbert, and their stepbrother Radim survived. According to older sources, this act was considered to be the event that brought about the founding of the Bohemian state. Other similar instances are reported during this same period of foundation, but no archaeological evidence of them exists.

References

  1. ↑ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
  2. 1 2 3 "Z historie obce: Nejstarší období" (in Czech). Obec Libice nad Cidlinou. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  3. ↑ "Ves poddaná klášteru sv. Jiří v Praze" (in Czech). Obec Libice nad Cidlinou. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  4. ↑ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Nymburk" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 5–6.
  5. ↑ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. 1 2 "Základní informace" (in Czech). Obec Libice nad Cidlinou. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  7. ↑ "Slavníkovské hradiště" (in Czech). Obec Libice nad Cidlinou. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
  8. ↑ "Kostel sv. Vojtěcha" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2022-08-25.
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