| Personal information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born | Chicago, Illinois, United States | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Home town | Bolingbrook, Illinois | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | University of Illinois Chicago-Kent College of Law | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sport | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country |  United States | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sport | Paralympic athletics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disability | Spastic diplegia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disability class | T34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medal record
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Linda Mastandrea is a civil rights and disability attorney, author and former Paralympic athlete. She was a Paralympic and World champion in wheelchair racing. [1]
Linda is the youngest twin in a second set of twins, her twin sister is Laura. She and Laura have older twin siblings and they have a younger brother. Linda was diagnosed with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy at a very young age when she found walking difficult and was often carried around. [2] [3]
Mastandrea represented the United States in the 1990s, she participated at the 1996 Summer Paralympics, three World Para Athletics Championships, Parapan American Games and the Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games winning a total of twenty medals, she had also set national, world and Paralympic records during her career. In 2010, she was the first female Paralympic athlete to be inducted into the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame. [4] [5]
In 2009, Mastandrea participated in the Chicago 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games bid trying to win the rights to host the 2016 Summer Olympics where she worked alongside the-then President Barack Obama, First Lady Michelle Obama and mayor of Chicago Richard M. Daley. The 2016 Games were eventually won by Rio de Janeiro. [6]
Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of association football for athletes with a physical disability. These sports are typically played using International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) rules, with modifications to the field of play, equipment, numbers of players, and other rules as required to make the game suitable for the athletes
Boccia is a precision ball sport, similar to bocce, and related to bowls and pétanque. The name "boccia" is derived from the Latin word for "boss" – bottia. The sport is contested at local, national and international levels, by athletes with severe physical disabilities. It was originally designed to be played by people with cerebral palsy but now includes athletes with other severe disabilities affecting motor skills. In 1984, it became a Paralympic sport and as of 2020, 75 boccia national organizations have joined one or more of the international organizations. Boccia is governed by the Boccia International Sports Federation (BISFed) and is one of only two Paralympic sports that have no counterpart in the Olympic program.
The Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) is an international sports and recreation association for cerebral palsy and related neurological conditions. CPISRA organise recreational opportunities, develop adaptive sports and organise sport events for people with Cerebral Palsy and related neurological conditions. CPISRA was formed in 1969. It is made up of worldwide members and a community of volunteers including an advisory board, specialist committees and networks.
T38 and CP8 are disability sport classification for disability athletics intended for people with cerebral palsy. It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis. Runners in this class may appear to have a slight limp when they are running but otherwise have a stride similar to able-bodied runners. Events for this class include 100 meters, 400 meters, 1,500 meters, and the long jump.
Cerebral palsy football, also called 7-a-side football or formerly Paralympic football, is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. From 1978 to 2014, cerebral palsy football was governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA). In January 2015, governance of the sport was taken over by the International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football, under the umbrella of Para Football.
The Cerebral Palsy Games are a multi-sport competition for athletes with a disability, which under the former name of the International Stoke Mandeville Games were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games. The competition has been formerly known as the International Cerebral Palsy Games or the Stoke Mandeville Games. Since the 1990s the Games are organized by the organisation Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA), so they called also CPISRA World Games.
Li Cuiqing is a Chinese Paralympic athlete with cerebral palsy. He represented China at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and he won the bronze medal in the men's shot put F36 event.
Mindaugas Bilius is a Lithuanian Paralympic athlete with cerebral palsy. He represented Lithuania at the 2012 Summer Paralympics and at the 2016 Summer Paralympics and he won two medals, both in 2016: the gold medal in the men's shot put F37 event and the silver medal in the men's discus throw F37 event.
Marivana Oliveira is a Brazilian Paralympic athlete with cerebral palsy. She won the silver medal in the women's shot put F35 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan. She also represented Brazil at the 2012 Summer Paralympics held in London, United Kingdom and at the 2016 Summer Paralympics held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She won the bronze medal in the women's shot put F35 event in 2016.
Hernán Emanuel Urra is an Argentine Paralympic athlete with cerebral palsy competing in F35-classification shot put events. He represented Argentina at the 2016 Summer Paralympics held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and he won the silver medal in the men's shot put F35 event. He also won the silver medal in the men's shot put F35 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan.
Jagoda Kibil is a Polish Paralympic athlete who competes in sprinting events in international level events. Her twin brother Daniel Kibil is also a Paralympic athlete who competes at national level.
Stephanie Hammerman-Roach is the world's first CrossFit Level 2 trainer with cerebral palsy. CrossFit has said she is the first woman with Cerebral Palsy to work for them as a trainer and Nike signed her as their first sponsored adaptive athlete from 2018 to 2022. She cites the death of one of her best friends in 2005 as her inspiration. She was diagnosed with Hodgkin's Lymphoma Stage 3B in 2016.
Jamieson Leeson is an Australian boccia player. She represented Australia at the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics.
Jessica Cronje is a 4.0 point Australian wheelchair basketball player. She has been selected to represent Australia at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo.
Fabienne André is a British wheelchair racer. In 2021, she won gold in the 100 m and 800 m at the 2021 World Para Athletics European Championships.
Johana Martínez Vega is a Colombian wheelchair tennis player. She is a three-time silver medalist at the Parapan American Games in the women's doubles events in 2011, 2015 and 2019. She often collaborates with compatriot Angélica Bernal in women's doubles events. She is the first ever South American female wheelchair tennis player to have competed at the Paralympics.
Fouzia El Kassioui is a Moroccan Paralympic athlete.
Yomaira De Jesus Cohen Epieyu is a Venezuelan Paralympic athlete who competes in discus throw, javelin throw and shot put at international track and field competitions. She is a three-time Parapan American Games silver medalist and has competed at the 2012, 2016 and 2020 Summer Paralympics.
Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics will be held at Stade de France in Paris. There will be 164 events: 90 for men, 73 for women and one mixed event, three fewer men's events than the previous Games while the women's and mixed events remain the same. It will be the largest contest of the Games programme regarding athlete numbers and medal events to be scheduled.
Badminton at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France will be played at the Porte de La Chapelle Arena from 29 August to 2 September. There will be sixteen events taking place, two more events than the previous Games: seven events for men and women and two mixed doubles events.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)