List of Canna species

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Canna species have been categorised by two different taxonomists in the course of the last three decades. They are Paul Maas, from the Netherlands [1] [2] [3] and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan. [4] Both reduced the number of species from the 50-100 that had been accepted previously, and assigned most to being synonyms. Inevitably, there are some differences in their categorisations, and the individual articles on the species describe the differences.

Contents

The reduction in the number of species is also confirmed by work done by Kress and Prince at the Smithsonian Institution, however, this only covers a subset of the species range. [5]

Tanaka's 2001 Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia is one source of species names, [4] allied with the proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii over C. latifolia. [6] The most exhaustive work on Canna synonyms is that in the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). [7]

List of species

The following list is based on the Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia, by Tanaka [4] and the proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii over C. latifolia. [6] [7] As of March 2020, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and Plants of the World Online regard many of these as synonyms (most of Canna indica) but also recognise two further species, making 12 in total. [8]

Cultivar type names

In addition, several species have been given cultivar-type names, and those are listed below:

See also

Related Research Articles

Zingiberales Order of flowering plants

The Zingiberales are flowering plants forming one of four orders in the commelinids clade of monocots, together with its sister order, Commelinales. The order includes 68 genera and 2,600 species. Zingiberales are a unique though morphologically diverse order that has been widely recognised as such over a long period of time. They are usually large herbaceous plants with rhizomatous root systems and lacking an aerial stem except when flowering. Flowers are usually large and showy, and the stamens are often modified (staminodes) to also form colourful petal-like structures that attract pollinators.

<i>Canna</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae

Canna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae, consisting of 10 species. Cannas are not true lilies, but have been assigned by the APG II system of 2003 to the order Zingiberales in the monocot clade Commelinids, together with their closest relatives, the gingers, spiral gingers, bananas, arrowroots, heliconias, and birds of paradise.

<i>Canna indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna indica, commonly known as Indian shot, African arrowroot, edible canna, purple arrowroot, Sierra Leone arrowroot, is a plant species in the family Cannaceae. It is native to much of South America, Central America, the West Indies, and Mexico. It is also naturalized in the southeastern United States, and much of Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and Oceania. Canna indica has been a minor food crop cultivated by indigenous peoples of the Americas for thousands of years.

<i>Canna discolor</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna discolor also known as Achira in Colombia is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae, found naturally in the range from South Mexico to Colombia, widely introduced elsewhere. It is a perennial growing to 3m. It is hardy to zone 10 and is frost tender. In the north latitudes it is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen in October. The flowers are hermaphrodite.

<i>Canna glauca</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna glauca is a species of the Canna genus, a member of the family Cannaceae. It is commonly known as water canna or Louisiana canna. It is native to the wetlands of tropical America and was introduced to England in 1730. It is also reportedly naturalized in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Java and the Philippines.

<i>Canna flaccida</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna flaccida is a species of the Canna genus, a member of the family Cannaceae. The species is indigenous to the wetlands of the south-central and south-eastern United States from Texas to South Carolina. It is also reportedly naturalized in India, the Philippines, Mexico, Panama, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru and southern Brazil.

<i>Canna coccinea</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna coccinea is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. A native of northern Argentina., it was introduced in England from South America in 1731.

<i>Canna compacta</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna compacta Roscoe is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae, distributed between the south of Brazil and northern Argentina. Introduced to England from South America in 1820. Not to be confused with C. compacta Bouché, which is a synonym of C. indica L.

<i>Canna tuerckheimii</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna tuerckheimii is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. Its specific epithet tuerckheimii commemorates Hans von Türckheim, a 19th-century German plant collector.

Canna bangii is a species of herb in the family Cannaceae. It is native to Peru and Bolivia.

<i>Canna patens</i> Species of herb

Canna patens is a species of herb in the Cannaceae family.

<i>Canna pedunculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna pedunculata is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. Native of south-east Brazil at low altitudes. Johnson's Dictionary of 1856 reports that it first entered England in 1820, pedunculata meaning 'long-flower-stalked'.

Paulus Johannes Maria "Paul" Maas is a botanist from the Netherlands and a specialist in the flora of the neotropics. Maas has identified and named about two hundred fifty plants from the Burmanniaceae, the Costus Family (Costaceae), the Gentian Family (Gentianaceae), the Bloodwort Family (Haemodoraceae), the Banana Family (Musaceae), the Olacaceae, the Triuridaceae, and the Ginger Family (Zingiberaceae).

<i>Canna jaegeriana</i> Species of plant

Canna jaegeriana is a species of herb in the family Cannaceae.

<i>Canna paniculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav. is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. Native of southern Mexico, Costa Rica, and tropical South America, except for the Amazon Basin, at 200-2,000m (650-6,500 ft).

<i>Canna speciosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Canna speciosa (Roscoe) Hook. is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae, a native of the tropical Americas. Introduced to England from South America in 1820, speciosa meaning 'showy'..

Canna amabilis is a species of herb in the family Cannaceae. It is native to Northern Argentina.

The Canna Agriculture Group contains all of the varieties of Canna used in agriculture. Canna achira and Canna edulis are generic terms used in South America to describe the cannas that have been selectively bred for agricultural purposes, normally derived from C. discolor. It is grown especially for its edible rootstock from which starch is obtained, but the leaves and young seed are also edible, and achira was once a staple foodcrop in Peru and Ecuador.

Hillegonda (Hiltje) Maas-van de Kamer is a botanist at the Institute of Systematic Botany at Utrecht University. She is the wife of Professor Paul Maas and together they have published many papers. She is a specialist in the flora of the neotropics.

<i>Tupistra</i> Genus of flowering plants

Tupistra is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants found in south Asia, from southern China to Sumatra and Ambon Island. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae.

References

  1. ↑ Maas, P. J. M. (1985) Cannaceae.
  2. ↑ Maas, P. J. M. and H. Maas (1988) Cannaceae
  3. ↑ Segeren, W & Maas, PJM - The genus Canna in northern South America
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Tanaka, N. (2001) Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia.
  5. ↑ Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution
  6. 1 2 3 Proposal to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii
  7. 1 2 WCSP
  8. ↑ "Search for Canna". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2020-03-28.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Canna indica § Synonyms", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , retrieved 2020-03-28
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Johnson's Gardner's Dictionary (1856)
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Chaté, E. (1867) Le Canna, son histoire, son culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 Robinson W. (1879) The Subtropical Garden, John Murray, Albemarle St, London, England.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Prince, Linda M.* and W. John Kress. Smithsonian Institution". Archived from the original on 2007-03-12. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
  14. 1 2 "Canna glauca § Synonyms", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , retrieved 2020-03-28
  15. ↑ Cooke, Ian (2001) The Gardener's Guide to Growing Cannas
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kelsey H.F. & Dayton W.A. (1942) Standardized Plant names, American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature

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