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On July 2, 1982, Larry Walters made a 45-minute flight in a homemade aerostat made of an ordinary lawn chair and 42 helium-filled weather balloons. The aircraft rose to an altitude of about 16,000 feet (4,900 m), drifted from the point of liftoff in San Pedro, California, and entered controlled airspace near Long Beach Airport. During the final descent, the aircraft became entangled in power lines, but Walters was able to climb down safely. The flight attracted worldwide media attention and inspired a movie, a musical and numerous imitators.
The World Air Sports Federation is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight. It was founded on 14 October 1905, and is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. It maintains world records for aeronautical activities, including ballooning, aeromodeling, and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), as well as flights into space.
In aeronautics, a balloon is an unpowered aerostat, which remains aloft or floats due to its buoyancy. A balloon may be free, moving with the wind, or tethered to a fixed point. It is distinct from an airship, which is a powered aerostat that can propel itself through the air in a controlled manner.
Benjamin L. "Ben" Abruzzo was an American balloonist and businessman who helped make Albuquerque, New Mexico, into an international ballooning center. He was part of the balloon crews that made the first Atlantic Ocean crossing by balloon in the Double Eagle II and the first Pacific Ocean crossing by balloon in the Double Eagle V.
Double Eagle II, piloted by Ben Abruzzo, Maxie Anderson and Larry Newman, became the first balloon to cross the Atlantic Ocean when it landed on 17 August 1978 in Miserey near Paris, 137 hours and 6 minutes after leaving Presque Isle, Maine.
A solar balloon is a balloon that gains buoyancy when the air inside is heated by solar radiation, usually with the help of black or dark balloon material. The heated air inside the solar balloon expands and has lower density than the surrounding air. As such, a solar balloon is similar to a hot air balloon. Usage of solar balloons is predominantly in the toy market, although it has been proposed that they be used in the investigation of planet Mars, and some solar balloons are large enough for human flight. A vent at the top can be opened to release hot air for descent and deflation.
Cluster ballooning is an extreme sport and a form of ballooning where a harness attaches a balloonist to a cluster of helium-inflated rubber balloons.
Paul Edward Yost was the American inventor of the modern hot air balloon and is referred to as the "Father of the Modern Day Hot-Air Balloon." He worked for a high-altitude research division of General Mills in the early 1950s until he left to establish Raven Industries in 1956, along with several colleagues from General Mills.
Donald Louis Piccard was a Swiss-born American balloon pioneer, promoter, innovator, designer, builder, and pilot.
An electric aircraft is an aircraft powered by electricity. Electric aircraft are seen as a way to reduce the environmental effects of aviation, providing zero emissions and quieter flights. Electricity may be supplied by a variety of methods, the most common being batteries. Most have electric motors driving propellers or turbines.
The flight endurance record is the longest amount of time an aircraft of a particular category spent in flight without landing. It can be a solo event, or multiple people can take turns piloting the aircraft, as long as all pilots remain in the aircraft. The limit initially was the amount of fuel that could be stored for the flight, but aerial refueling extended that parameter. Due to safety concerns, the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) no longer recognizes new records for the duration of crewed airplane or glider flights and has never recognized any duration records for helicopters.
This listing of flight altitude records are the records set for the highest aeronautical flights conducted in the atmosphere, set since the age of ballooning.
Julian Nott was a British balloonist who later lived in Santa Barbara, California. He was known for his record-setting achievements. Nott set 79 world ballooning records and 96 British aviation records. He developed balloons for flights to Solar System destinations, particularly Titan. He flew a working prototype Titan balloon at −175 °C (−283.0 °F), approximately the temperature of Titan's atmosphere.
Larry Newman was an American pilot, business man, and balloonist. He was part of the balloon crews that made the first Atlantic ocean crossing by balloon in the Double Eagle II and the first Pacific ocean crossing by balloon in the Double Eagle V.
A Rozière balloon is a type of hybrid balloon that has separate chambers for a non-heated lifting gas as well as for a heated lifting gas. The design was created by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier (1754–1785).
Dominic Michaelis was an Anglo-French architect, inventor, and solar energy advocate.
The Windward Performance Perlan 2 is an American mid-wing, two-seats-in-tandem, pressurized, experimental research glider that was designed by Greg Cole and built by Windward Performance for the Perlan Project.
The Airbus E-Fan is a prototype two-seater electric aircraft that was under development by Airbus. It was flown in front of the world press at the Farnborough Airshow in the United Kingdom in July 2014. The target market was intended to be pilot training, but production of the aircraft was cancelled in April 2017.
Spirit of Freedom balloon was a Rozière balloon designed and built by Donald Cameron and Tim Cole. In 2002 solo pilot Steve Fossett flew the Spirit of Freedom to become the first successful around-the-world nonstop solo flight in any kind of aircraft. On June 19, 2002, the 10-story-high balloon Spirit of Freedom lifted off from Northam, Western Australia, and landed in Queensland, Australia, on July 3, 2002. The solo flight circumnavigation lasted 13 days, 8 hours, 33 minutes and covered 20,626.48 statute miles (33,195.10 km). During this flight, the balloon reached speeds of up to 322 kilometers per hour, and flew as high as 10,580 meters.
References
- ↑ "Blanchard, Jean-Pierre-François." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
- ↑ "LA COMMÉMORATION DU CENTENAIRE DE L'AÉROSTATION À BOULOGNE-SUR-MER EN 1883". Renaissance du vieux Boulogne (in French). 31 January 2016. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ↑ "Balloons: Engineless Flight 1836 - 1913". Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines. Archived from the original on 6 February 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
- ↑ Kenny, Kimberly A. (2007). Canton's Pioneers in Flight. Arcadia. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-0-7385-2522-8.
- ↑ Stekel, Peter. "Don Piccard 50 Years of Ballooning Memories" (PDF). www.FAI.org. FAI.org. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
- ↑ Humphreys, Roy (2001). Kent Aviation, a Century of Flight. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 189. ISBN 0-7509-2790-9.
- ↑ "Willows Airship №3 1910". Rosebud's WWI and Early Aviation Image Archive. 20 November 2008. Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
- ↑ "Channel Flight By Autogiro. Spanish Airman's Success". The Times. No. 45002. London. 19 September 1928. col F, p. 14.
- ↑ "Channel Crossed by Glider". The Times. No. 45854. London. 20 June 1931. col F, p. 12.
- ↑ Coates, Steve; Carbonel, Jean-Christophe (2002). Helicopters of the Third Reich. Crowborough, UK: Classic Publications Ltd. p. 184. ISBN 1-903223-24-5.
- ↑ "Ed Yost – Aviator, Inventor, and "Father of Modern Day Hot-Air Balloon" Dies". WebWire. 28 May 2007. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 31 October 2007.
- 1 2 Associated Press. "Record Balloon Flight Made By Americans". Gadsden Times , April 14, 1963, p. 1. Retrieved on May 29, 2013.
- ↑ Cook, David (2007). Flying from my mind: Innovative and record-breaking microlight and aircraft designs. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword. p. 8. ISBN 9781844155880.
- ↑ Pollard, Lewis (9 May 2018). "On this day: Crossing the English Channel in a hang-glider". Manchester Science Museum. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
- ↑ "The Solar Challenger | Exhibitions | Smithsonian". www.si.edu. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013.
- ↑ Solar Balloon Takes Flight Over England
- ↑ "HISTORY OF SOLAR BALLOONING". aerocene.org. Aerocene. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
- ↑ "Pilot completes jetpack challenge". London: BBC. 26 September 2008. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ↑ "Man of La Manche". CAFE Foundation. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ↑ American crosses Channel carried by helium balloons, The Guardian . Retrieved 28 May 2010
- ↑ Karpel, Mark (August 2010). "The Drifters of Wind, Helium, and Hope" (PDF). Air & Space. Washington, DC, USA: Smithsonian Enterprises. pp. 24–31. ISSN 0886-2257 . Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ↑ "Did Duval Beat Airbus Across the Channel?". AVweb. 10 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- 1 2 Bertorelli, Paul (9 July 2015). "Airbus' Asterisked Record". AVweb. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- 1 2 "French pilot in tiny one-seater beats Airbus to first electric cross-Channel flight".
- ↑ "British firm fly quadcopter over Channel for first time (Wired UK)". Wired UK. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
- ↑ Paris, Charles Bremner. "Frenchman flies a car to Dover".
