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Between 1819 and 1900, a number of titles were conferred on Jews. Of a sample of 700 German nobles created during this period, 62 were Jewish. [2]
The Rothschild family is a wealthy Ashkenazi Jewish noble banking family originally from Frankfurt. The family's documented history starts in 16th century Frankfurt; its name is derived from the family house, Rothschild, built by Isaak Elchanan Bacharach in Frankfurt in 1567. The family rose to prominence with Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744–1812), a court factor to the German Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel in the Free City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, who established his banking business in the 1760s. Unlike most previous court factors, Rothschild managed to bequeath his wealth and established an international banking family through his five sons, who established businesses in Paris, Frankfurt, London, Vienna, and Naples. The family was elevated to noble rank in the Holy Roman Empire and the United Kingdom.
Théodore Reinach was a French archaeologist, mathematician, lawyer, papyrologist, philologist, epigrapher, historian, numismatist, musicologist, professor, and politician.
In early modern Europe, particularly in Germany, a court Jew or court factor was a Jewish banker who handled the finances of, or lent money to, royalty and nobility. In return for their services, court Jews gained social privileges, including, in some cases, being granted noble status.
Nathaniel Mayer Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild, was a British banker and politician from the wealthy international Rothschild family. He was also a hereditary Baron of the Austrian Empire.
The Austrian nobility is a status group that was officially abolished in 1919 after the fall of Austria-Hungary. Austria's system of nobility was very similar to that of Germany, as both countries were previously part of the Holy Roman Empire (962–1806).
Horace Osipovich (Naftali-Gerts) Günzburg, 2nd Baron Günzburg, was a Russian philanthropist.
Count Moïse de Camondo was an Ottoman Empire-born French banker and art collector. He was a member of the prominent Camondo family.
The Oppenheim family is a German Jewish banking family which founded what was Europe's biggest private bank, Sal. Oppenheim.
Anselm Salomon von Schwartz Rothschild, Baron Rothschild was an Austrian banker, founder of the Creditanstalt, and a member of the Vienna branch of the Rothschild family.
David Jacob de Stern, Viscount de Stern was a German-born British banker and senior partner of the firm of Stern Brothers.
Günzburg is a surname of Swabian origin. Ginsberg, Ginsburg, Gensburg, Ginsburgh, Ginzberg, Ginzborg, and Ginzburg are variants of the surname.
The Rothschild family is a European family of German Jewish origin that established European banking and finance houses from the late eighteenth century.
The Fould family is a family of French Jewish descent known for success in banking. It was founded by Beer Léon Fould, a wine-dealer's son from Lorraine, who moved to Paris in 1784 to establish a banking business. The name comes from the Hessian city of Fulda.
The Bischoffsheim family is a family of German-Belgian Jewish descent known for their success in banking. It can be traced back to Raphaël Nathan Bischoffsheim, an army contractor native of Tauberbischofsheim, in the Electorate of Mainz. The family was particularly interwoven with the Goldschmidt family of Frankfurt am Main; the two families intermarried over the generations and jointly managed Bischoffsheim, Goldschmidt & Cie bank, which they eventually merged into Banque de Crédit et de Dépôt des Pays-Bas in 1863.
Baron Ignace von Ephrussi (1829–1899) was a Russian-born Austrian banker and diplomat. He was the head of Ephrussi & Co. in Vienna, Austria.
Hermann de Stern, Baron de Stern (1815–1887) was a German-born British banker and senior partner of the firm of Stern Brothers.
Rózsika Rothschild was a tennis player and the wife of the banker and entomologist Charles Rothschild.
Baroness Gertrud von Puttkamer, also known by her pen name Marie-Madeleine, was a German writer of lesbian-themed erotic literature and homoerotic poetry. Her first book, Auf Kypros, sold over one million copies during her lifetime.
Mordecai Aaron Günzburg, also known by the acronym Remag (רמא״ג) and the pen name Yonah ben Amitai, was a Lithuanian Jewish writer, translator, and educator. He was a leading member of the Haskalah in Vilnius, and is regarded as the "Father of Hebrew Prose."
Erwein Friedrich Karl, Graf von Schönborn-Buchheim was an Austrian landowner and aristocrat.
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Goodman Lipkind, Joseph Jacobs (1901–1906). "Stern, David, Viscount de". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia . New York: Funk & Wagnalls. Goodman Lipkind, Joseph Jacobs (1901–1906). "Stern, Hermann, Baron de". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia . New York: Funk & Wagnalls.