List of Kepler exoplanet candidates in the habitable zone

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Artist's impression of Kepler, the telescope that detected these exoplanet candidates. Telescope Kepler-NASA.jpeg
Artist's impression of Kepler, the telescope that detected these exoplanet candidates.

This is a list of unconfirmed exoplanets discovered or detected by the NASA Kepler mission (Kepler Candidates from the NASA Exoplanet Archive) that are potentially habitable. [1] [2] Those already confirmed are listed by their Kepler names in the list of potentially habitable exoplanets, and the data may differ when the planets are confirmed. Masses for a pure iron, rocky, and water composition are given for comparison purposes.

The planet candidate KOI-4878.01 could be one of the most Earth-like known planets in terms of size and stellar flux. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Name Star Mass (ME)Radius (R🜨)Flux (F🜨) Teq (K)Period (days)Distance (ly)
KOI-4878.01 [7] F3.0 - 1.0 - 0.41.01.05258449.01075
KOI-456.04 [8] G-1.91--378.43140
KOI-3456.02F4.9 - 1.5 - 0.71.20.92249486.11460
KOI-5737.01G7.7 - 2.2 - 1.01.30.99254376.21833
KOI-5806.01G6.3 - 1.9 - 0.81.31.29271313.8970
KOI-5499.01G5.1 - 1.6 - 0.71.21.43279122.61965
KOI-2194.03F10.8 - 2.9 - 1.21.40.78239445.21914
KOI-6108.01G3.4 - 1.1 - 0.51.10.61225485.9755
KOI-5938.01F21.7 - 5.0 - 2.11.71.03257545.21597
KOI-5087.01G15.5 - 3.9 - 1.61.60.71234651.11260
KOI-5948.01G5.8 - 1.7 - 0.81.20.58222398.51427
KOI-5176.01G6.3 - 1.9 - 0.81.31.72292215.71304
KOI-5949.01F44.2 - 8.1 - 3.21.90.92249559.81873
KOI-5506.01F18.6 - 4.5 - 1.91.60.66230641.62638
KOI-6239.01G30.6 - 6.4 - 2.61.80.73236406.51743
KOI-5888.01G38.5 - 7.4 - 3.01.81.32273190.92875
KOI-5068.01F16.5 - 4.1 - 1.71.61.69290385.31740
KOI-5541.01GN/A - 11.2 - 4.32.00.93250339.62550
KOI-5959.01G27.8 - 6.0 - 2.41.71.55284251.52451
KOI-5236.01 [2] F64.4 - 9.9 - 3.82.00.79240550.91605
KOI-5819.01G5.9 - 1.8 - 0.81.20.48212381.41459
KOI-5413.01G70.1 - 10.3 - 4.02.00.74236428.41882
KOI-5202.01 [2] F37.2 - 7.3 - 2.91.80.63227535.92865
KOI-1871.01 [2] KN/A - 13.8 - 5.22.11.2126792.71169
KOI-5653.01KN/A - 10.7 - 4.12.00.68231188.71895
KOI-5237.01G38.5 - 7.4 - 3.01.80.60224380.42761
KOI-6151.01G8.7 - 2.5 - 1.11.40.47211431.81731
KOI-5545.01G3.5 - 1.1 - 0.51.10.43206541.01379
KOI-5592.01FN/A - 18.5 - 6.72.30.81241482.53587
KOI-4986.01G12.5 - 3.3 - 1.41.50.47211444.02112
KOI-5796.01FN/A - 18.5 - 6.72.30.78239495.93110
KOI-5613.01GN/A - 22.7 - 7.92.40.94251346.43972
KOI-5810.01GN/A - 16.8 - 6.12.21.41278425.62336
KOI-5835.01FN/A - 24.0 - 8.32.40.91249475.03791
KOI-5290.01GN/A - 11.6 - 4.42.10.61225435.53793
KOI-4583.01GN/A - 11.4 - 4.42.00.61225330.93127
KOI-5869.01KN/A - 23.2 - 8.12.41.21267114.42007
KOI-3401.02GN/A - 15.2 - 5.62.21.52283326.72697
KOI-5657.01F70.1 - 10.3 - 4.02.01.74293284.72745
KOI-4333.01FN/A - 14.7 - 5.52.21.61287309.32583
KOI-5874.01GN/A - 15.5 - 5.72.21.65289287.31770
KOI-5889.01FN/A - 23.2 - 8.12.41.45279374.45030
KOI-5135.01G70.1 - 10.3 - 4.02.00.53217314.82577
KOI-5556.01G41.2 - 7.7 - 3.11.90.46210632.01459
KOI-5798.01GN/A - 10.9 - 4.22.00.48212318.32632
KOI-5196.01FN/A - 22.7 - 7.92.41.84297392.51424
KOI-5924.01GN/A - 26.4 - 9.02.50.54218291.32604
KOI-3028.02GN/A - 12.8 - 4.82.10.45208458.23759
KOI-5398.01GN/A - 12.6 - 4.82.10.43206551.22154
KOI-4902.01K31.6 - 6.5 - 2.61.80.35196409.42012
KOI-5749.01KN/A - 18.8 - 6.82.30.41204282.01883
KOI-4961.01KN/A - 11.2 - 4.32.00.36198349.02048
KOI-5829.01G61.9 - 9.7 - 3.82.00.35196583.92412
KOI-2770.01 [2] KN/A - 18.8 - 6.82.30.39201205.41511
KOI-5570.01GN/A - 17.8 - 6.42.30.35196574.72236
KOI-5649.01GN/A - 19.2 - 6.92.30.29187426.91861
KOI-6425.01 [2] G18.7 - 4.5 - 1.91.60.68231521.12183
KOI-6676.01 [2] F32.6 - 6.7 - 2.71.81.18266439.22495
KOI-7040.01 [2] F14.8 - 3.8 - 1.61.50.48212502.22483
KOI-7179.01 [1] [2] G5.1 - 1.6 - 0.71.21.3272.1407.11807
KOI-7223.01 [1] [2] G21.7 - 5.0 - 2.11.70.57221.53171705
KOI-7235.01 [1] [2] G5.8 - 1.8 - 0.81.20.75237.4299.72006
KOI-7345.01 [2] FN/A - 22.3 - 7.82.41.2266377.53748
KOI-7470.01 [1] [2] GN/A - 10.5 - 4.12.00.60225392.51483
KOI-7554.01 [2] FN/A - 12.1 - 4.62.11.13263482.63361
KOI-7587.01 [1] [2] GN/A - 18.6 - 6.72.31.03256.8366679
EPIC 203823381.01 [2] M0.8 - 0.3 - 0.10.70.402038.310
KOI-2124.01 [1] K-1-29742-
KOI-7617.01 [1] --0.63-34213-
KOI-7923.01 [9] --0.97--395-
KOI-4427.01 [1] [2] M38.5 - 7.4 - 3.01.80.24179147.7782
KOI-7591.01 [2] K7.2 - 2.1 - 0.91.30.33193328.31582
KOI-6343.01 [2] F47.4 - 8.4 - 3.31.90.61225569.52910
KOI-5276.01 [2] K ? - 15.2 - 5.62.20.72235220.72728
KOI-6734.01 [2] G ? - 13.1 - 4.92.10.50214498.33708
KOI-7136.01 [2] G ? - 17.4 - 6.32.30.52217441.23654

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler space telescope</span> NASA satellite for exoplanetology (2009–2018)

The Kepler space telescope is a defunct space telescope launched by NASA in 2009 to discover Earth-sized planets orbiting other stars. Named after astronomer Johannes Kepler, the spacecraft was launched into an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit. The principal investigator was William J. Borucki. After nine and a half years of operation, the telescope's reaction control system fuel was depleted, and NASA announced its retirement on October 30, 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Super-Earth</span> Planet with a mass between Earth and Uranus

A Super-Earth is a type of exoplanet with a mass higher than Earth's, but substantially below those of the Solar System's ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, which are 14.5 and 17 times Earth's, respectively. The term "super-Earth" refers only to the mass of the planet, and so does not imply anything about the surface conditions or habitability. The alternative term "gas dwarfs" may be more accurate for those at the higher end of the mass scale, although "mini-Neptunes" is a more common term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Discoveries of exoplanets</span> Detecting planets located outside the Solar System

An exoplanet is a planet located outside the Solar System. The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917, but was not recognized as such until 2016; no planet discovery has yet come from that evidence. What turned out to be the first detection of an exoplanet was published among a list of possible candidates in 1988, though not confirmed until 2003. The first confirmed detection came in 1992, with the discovery of terrestrial-mass planets orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257+12. The first confirmation of an exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star was made in 1995, when a giant planet was found in a four-day orbit around the nearby star 51 Pegasi. Some exoplanets have been imaged directly by telescopes, but the vast majority have been detected through indirect methods, such as the transit method and the radial-velocity method. As of 1 March 2024, there are 5,640 confirmed exoplanets in 4,155 planetary systems, with 895 systems having more than one planet. This is a list of the most notable discoveries.

A Kepler object of interest (KOI) is a star observed by the Kepler space telescope that is suspected of hosting one or more transiting planets. KOIs come from a master list of 150,000 stars, which itself is generated from the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC). A KOI shows a periodic dimming, indicative of an unseen planet passing between the star and Earth, eclipsing part of the star. However, such an observed dimming is not a guarantee of a transiting planet, because other astronomical objects—such as an eclipsing binary in the background—can mimic a transit signal. For this reason, the majority of KOIs are as yet not confirmed transiting planet systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-69c</span> Super-Earth orbiting Kepler-69

Kepler-69c is a confirmed super-Earth extrasolar planet, likely rocky, orbiting the Sun-like star Kepler-69, the outermore of two such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 2,430 light-years from Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-62</span> K-type star in the constellation Lyra

Kepler-62 is a K-type main sequence star cooler and smaller than the Sun, located roughly 980 light-years from Earth in the constellation Lyra. It resides within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets that may be transiting their stars. On April 18, 2013, it was announced that the star has five planets, two of which, Kepler-62e and Kepler-62f are within the star's habitable zone. The outermost, Kepler-62f, is likely a rocky planet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-62f</span> Super-Earth orbiting Kepler-62

Kepler-62f is a super-Earth exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the star Kepler-62, the outermost of five such planets discovered around the star by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 980 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-69</span> Star in the constellation Cygnus

Kepler-69 is a G-type main-sequence star similar to the Sun in the constellation Cygnus, located about 2,430 ly (750 pc) from Earth. On April 18, 2013 it was announced that the star has two planets. Although initial estimates indicated that the terrestrial planet Kepler-69c might be within the star's habitable zone, further analysis showed that the planet very likely is interior to the habitable zone and is far more analogous to Venus than to Earth and thus completely inhospitable.

Kepler-61 is a K-type main-sequence star approximately 1,100 light years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. It is located within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets that may be transiting their stars. On April 24, 2013 it was announced that the star has an extrasolar planet orbiting in the inner edge of the habitable zone, named Kepler-61b.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-138</span> Red dwarf in the constellation Lyra

Kepler-138, also known as KOI-314, is a red dwarf located in the constellation Lyra, 219 light years from Earth. It is located within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets transiting their stars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-186</span> Star in the constellation Cygnus

Kepler-186 is a main-sequence M1-type dwarf star, located 178.5 parsecs away in the constellation of Cygnus. The star is slightly cooler than the sun, with roughly half its metallicity. It is known to have five planets, including the first Earth-sized world discovered in the habitable zone: Kepler-186f. The star hosts four other planets discovered so far, though they all orbit interior to the habitable zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-442b</span> Super-Earth orbiting Kepler-442

Kepler-442b is a confirmed near-Earth-sized exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone of the K-type main-sequence star Kepler-442, about 1,206 light-years (370 pc) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.

Kepler-296f is a confirmed super-Earth exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of Kepler-296. The planet was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. NASA announced the discovery of the exoplanet on 26 February 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kepler-444</span> Triple star system in the constellation of Lyra

Kepler-444 is a triple star system, estimated to be 11.2 billion years old, approximately 119 light-years (36 pc) away from Earth in the constellation Lyra. On 27 January 2015, the Kepler spacecraft is reported to have confirmed the detection of five sub-Earth-sized rocky exoplanets orbiting the main star. The star is a K-type main sequence star. All of the planets are far too close to their star to harbour life forms.

Kepler-186e is a confirmed exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf star Kepler-186, approximately 582 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. It is near the optimistic habitable zone but probably not in it, possibly making it have a runaway greenhouse effect, like Venus. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Four additional planets orbiting the star were also discovered.

Kepler-1229 is a red dwarf star located about 870 light-years (270 pc) away from the Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. It is known to host a super-Earth exoplanet within its habitable zone, Kepler-1229b, which was discovered in 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KOI-4878.01</span> Unconfirmed potentially habitable extrasolar planet

KOI-4878.01 is an exoplanet candidate that orbits the G-type main-sequence star KOI-4878. It is located about 1075 light years from Earth. The features of the planet are very similar to that of Earth, and if it is confirmed, it would be one of the most Earth-like planets found. The orbital period of the exoplanet is around 449 Earth days. It is very likely located within the habitable zone of its parent star.

KOI-5715.01 is an exoplanet candidate that orbits the K-type dwarf star KOI-5715, located approximately 2,964 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. It was identified in 2015 through an analysis of light curve data obtained by the Kepler space telescope. While the exoplanet is yet to be confirmed, preliminary data suggests that it is one of the more promising superhabitable planet candidates.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Kepler Objects of Interest". NASA Exoplanet Archive . Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 "HEC: Data of Potentially Habitable Worlds". Planetary Habitability Laboratory . 2 July 2018. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  3. ↑ "Open Exoplanet Catalogue - KOI-4878 b". www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com. Retrieved 2020-10-04.
  4. ↑ "Life away from Earth" (PDF). El Faro del Saber - UNED Long-distance Learning University.
  5. ↑ "KOI-4878.01: Kepler's Most Earth-like Planet Candidate?". Drew Ex Machina. 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2020-09-30.
  6. ↑ Atargatis (2020-11-10). "Found more than 20 exoplanets that could host life". Atargatis.news (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-11-12.
  7. ↑ Rowe, Jason F. (2015). "Planetary candidates observed by kepler v: planet sample from q1-q12 (36 months)". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (1): 16. arXiv: 1501.07286 . Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...16R. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/1/16. S2CID   119204743.
  8. ↑ Heller, René; Hippke, Michael; Freudenthal, Jantje; Rodenbeck, Kai; Batalha, Natalie M.; Bryson, Steve (2020). "Transit least-squares survey". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 638: A10. arXiv: 2006.02123 . Bibcode:2020A&A...638A..10H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936929. S2CID   219260293.
  9. ↑ Thompson, Susan E; et al. (2017). "Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler . VIII. A Fully Automated Catalog with Measured Completeness and Reliability Based on Data Release 25". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 235 (2): 38. arXiv: 1710.06758 . doi: 10.3847/1538-4365/aab4f9 . PMC   7477822 . PMID   32908325. Kepler catalogue entry
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