List of Liverpool and Manchester Railway locomotives

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Stephenson's Rocket of 1829 Stephenson's Rocket drawing.jpg
Stephenson's Rocket of 1829

This is a list of locomotives that were used or trialled on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) during its construction, at the Rainhill Trials, and until absorption by the Grand Junction Railway in 1845.

Contents

The rate of progress led to quite a rapid turnover in the operating roster. Writing in 1835, de Pambour found that of the L&MR's then thirty engines, ten were seen as obsolete and day-to-day work was concentrated on only ten or eleven of the remainder, the remaining third being under repair or kept as backup. [1] By 1840 only ten remained of the first 32 engines; and of a list of engines in use in 1844, fewer than half were even five years old. [2]

Locomotives were often also substantially rebuilt. According to de Pambour again, observing the railway in 1834,

"... what is meant by repairs to the engines is nothing less than their complete re-construction; that is to say that when an engine requires any repair, unless it is for some trifling accident, it is taken to pieces and a new one is constructed, which receives the same name as the first, and in the construction of which are made to serve all such parts of the old engine as are still capable of being used with advantage. The consequence of this is that a reconstructed or repaired engine is literally a new one. The repairs amount thus to considerable sums, but they include also the renewal of the engines." [3]

Locomotives

L&MR
No.		NameBuilderBuilder
No.		Date builtWheel
arrangement		LNWR
No.		Notes
Lancashire Witch Robert Stephenson and Company 1828 0-4-0 —Built for Bolton and Leigh Railway but leased to L&MR.
Twin Sisters Robert Stephenson and Company 1829 0-6-0 —Twin vertical boilers. Used in the construction of the line.
Cycloped Thomas Shaw Brandreth 1829— Horse powered, unsuccessful Rainhill Trials entrant.
Novelty Ericsson & Braithwaite 1829 0-2-2VBWT —Rebuilt by Robert Daglish and sold to St Helens and Runcorn Gap Railway 3 August 1833. [4] Replica built in 1929 incorporates original wheels and one cylinder.
Perseverance Timothy Burstall1829 0-4-0 —
Sans Pareil Timothy Hackworth 1829 0-4-0 —Leased to Bolton and Leigh Railway in 1831
William IV Ericsson & Braithwaite 1830 0-2-2 —[ citation needed ]
Queen Adelaide Ericsson & Braithwaite 1830 0-2-2 —[ citation needed ]
Liverpool Edward Bury and Company 1830 0-4-0 [5] —First of the Bury Bar Frame locomotives. Ran well, but strongly opposed by George Stephenson. Finally vetoed because of its 6-foot large wheels.
Manchester Galloway, Bowman & Glasgow 1831 2-2-0 [5] —[ citation needed ]
Hecate—[ citation needed ]
1 Rocket Robert Stephenson and Company 191829 0-2-2 — [6] Participated in Opening Ceremony, driven by Joseph Locke [7] Sold to Lord Carlisle, donated to Patent Office Museum in 1862. Preserved. Contrary to popular belief, George Stephenson had nothing to do with the design or building of this locomotive. [8]
2Arrow Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [9] Participated in Opening Ceremony, driven by Frederick Swanwick. [7] Had previously pulled the first full Directors' run, from Liverpool to Manchester and back, on 14 June 1830.
3Wildfire Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [9] Later renamed Meteor [4]
4Dart Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [9] Participated in Opening Ceremony, driven by Thomas Gooch. [7]
5Comet Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [9] Participated in Opening Ceremony, driven by William Allcard. [7]
6Phoenix Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 [5] — [10] Participated in Opening Ceremony, driven by Robert Stephenson [7]
7 Northumbrian Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [11] Enlarged version of Rocket, Lead locomotive in opening procession, driven by George Stephenson [7]
8North Star Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 0-2-2 — [11] Participated in opening ceremony.
9 Planet Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 2-2-0 — [10]
10Majestic Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 2-2-0 —Listed as 2-2-0 in L&M record, but may have been 0-2-2 similar to Northumbrian [10]
11Mercury Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 2-2-0 — [10] Rebuilt as 2-2-2 in 1833
12Mars Robert Stephenson and Company 1830 2-2-0 — [10]
13Samson Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 0-4-0 — [12]   For media, see Commons-logo.svg
14Jupiter Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
15Goliah Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 0-4-0 —Name also listed as Goliath [12]
16Saturn Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
17Sun Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
18Venus Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
19Vulcan Fenton, Murray & Co. 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
20Etna Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
21Fury Fenton, Murray & Co. 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
22Victory Robert Stephenson and Company 1831 2-2-0 — [10]
23Atlas Robert Stephenson and Company 1832 0-4-0 — [12] Rebuilt as 0-4-2, Renewed in 1842 as No. 81
24Vesta Robert Stephenson and Company 1832 2-2-0 — [10]
25Milo Robert Stephenson and Company 1832 0-4-0 — [12]
26 Liver Edward Bury and Company 1832 2-2-0 — [10] Between Jan 1832 and Mar 1834 Liver worked a greater mileage than any other locomotive. [13] In trials against Planet in June 1832 Liver was found to be more economical; but there were no further orders. [14]
27Pluto Robert Stephenson and Company 1832 2-2-0 127 † [10] Rebuilt as 2-2-2 in 1841; renumbered 9.
28 Caledonian Galloway, Bowman & Glasgow 1832 0-4-0 — [12]
29Ajax Robert Stephenson and Company 1832 2-2-0 — [10]
30Leeds Fenton, Murray & Co. 1833 2-2-0 — [10]
31Firefly Robert Stephenson and Company 1833 2-2-0 — [10]
32 Experiment Sharp, Roberts and Company 1833 2-2-0 — [10] Driven by bell cranks.
33 Patentee Robert Stephenson and Company 1834 2-2-2 — [10]
34Titan Charles Tayleur and Company 81834 0-4-0 —Rebuilt as 0-4-2 [12]
35Orion Charles Tayleur and Company 91834 0-4-0 —Rebuilt as 0-4-2 [12]
36 Swiftsure George Forrester and Company 1834 2-2-0 — [10] A "Boxer", with outside cylinders; rebuilt as 2-2-2
37Rapid Charles Tayleur and Company 171835 2-2-2 — [10]
38Speedwell Charles Tayleur and Company 191835 2-2-2 — [15]
39Hercules Mather, Dixon and Company 1835 0-4-0 —Rebuilt as 0-4-2 [12]
40Eclipse Charles Tayleur and Company 291835 0-4-2 —Rebuilt as 0-4-2 [12]
41Star Charles Tayleur and Company 301836 2-2-2 165
[ citation needed ]		 [15] Renumbered 53; rebuilt as 0-4-2
42York Charles Tayleur and Company 311836 0-4-2 — [12]
43Vesuvius Haigh Foundry 1836 2-2-2 — [15]
44Thunderer Mather, Dixon and Company 1836 0-4-2 — [12]
45Lightning Haigh Foundry 1836 2-2-2 114 [15]
46Cyclops Haigh Foundry 1836 2-2-2 — [15] Modified in 1839 by John Gray with expansion gear. [16]
47Milo Charles Tayleur and Company 321836 2-2-2 — [15]
48Dart Mather, Dixon and Company 1836 2-2-2 — [15]
49Phoenix Charles Tayleur and Company 331836 2-2-2 — [15]
50Majestic Charles Tayleur and Company 461837 2-2-2 — [15]
51Etna Charles Tayleur and Company 471837 2-2-2 — [15]
52Arrow Mather, Dixon and Company 1837 2-2-2 — [15]
53Sun R & W Hawthorn 1837 2-2-2 164
[ citation needed ]		 [15]
54Meteor Mather, Dixon and Company 1837 2-2-2 115 † [15]
55Comet Mather, Dixon and Company 1837 2-2-2 166
[ citation needed ]		 [15]
56Vesta R & W Hawthorn 1837 2-2-2 — [15]
57 Lion Todd, Kitson & Laird 1838 0-4-2 116 [17] Sold to Mersey Docks in 1859 for use as a stationary pump, worked in that role until 1928. Preserved.
58Tiger Todd, Kitson & Laird 1838 0-4-2 117 [17]
59Rokeby Rothwell and Company 1838 2-2-2 — [15] Renumbered 52
60Roderic Rothwell and Company 1838 2-2-2 118 [15] Renumbered 20
61MammothT. Banks & Co.1839 0-4-2 — [17] Renumbered 30
62Leopard Todd, Kitson & Laird 1839 2-2-2 — [15]
63MastodonT. Banks & Co.1839 2-2-2 119 [17] Renumbered 56
64Panther Todd, Kitson & Laird 1839 2-2-2 — [15]
65Elephant Todd, Kitson & Laird 1839 0-4-2 113 [17] Renumbered 34
66Samson Benjamin Hick and Sons 1839 0-4-2 120 [17] renumbered 35
67Buffalo Todd, Kitson & Laird 1839 0-4-2 121
121A
1106		 [17] Renumbered 50; rebuilt as 2-2-2T in 1860
68Goliah Benjamin Hick and Sons 1839 0-4-2 122 [17] Renumbered 51. Name also listed as Goliath
69Victoria Mather, Dixon and Company 1839 2-2-2
or
0-4-2 		123
[ citation needed ]		Renumbered 1 in 1841 [12]
69Swallow L&M Edge Hill Works September 1841 2-2-2 128 [15]
70Martin L&M Edge Hill Works January 1842 2-2-2 129 [15]
71Kingfisher L&M Edge Hill Works September 1841 2-2-2 131 [15]
72Heron L&M Edge Hill Works November 1841 2-2-2 130 [15]
73Pelican L&M Edge Hill Works December 1841 2-2-2 132 [15]
74Ostrich L&M Edge Hill Workss February 1842 2-2-2 133 [15]
75Owl L&M Edge Hill Works March 1842 0-4-2 134 [17]
76Bat L&M Edge Hill Works June 1842 0-4-2 135 [17]
77Stork L&M Edge Hill Works May 1842 2-2-2 136 [15]
78Crane L&M Edge Hill Works October 1842 2-2-2 137 [12]
79Swan L&M Edge Hill Works September 1842 2-2-2 138 [15]
80Cygnet L&M Edge Hill Works December 1842 2-2-2 139 [12]
81Atlas L&M Edge Hill Works November 1842 0-4-2 140 [12]
82Pheasant L&M Edge Hill Works January 1842 2-2-2 141 [15]
83Partridge L&M Edge Hill Works June 1843 2-2-2 126 [12]
84Bittern L&M Edge Hill Works April 1843 0-4-2 142 [17]
85Lapwing L&M Edge Hill Works October 1843 0-4-2 143 [18]
86Raven L&M Edge Hill Works December 1843 0-4-2 144 [18]
87Crow L&M Edge Hill Works January 1844 0-4-2 145 [18]
88Redwing L&M Edge Hill Works April 1844 2-2-2 146 [12]
89Woodlark L&M Edge Hill Works January 1845 2-2-2 147 [12]
90Penguin L&M Edge Hill Works October 1844 0-4-2 148 [18]
91Petrel L&M Edge Hill Works July 1844 0-4-2 149 [18]
92Linnet L&M Edge Hill Works February 1845 2-2-2 150 [12]
93Goldfinch L&M Edge Hill Works February 1845 2-2-2 151 [12]
94Bullfinch L&M Edge Hill Works May 1845 2-2-2 152 [12]
95Chaffinch L&M Edge Hill Works May 1845 2-2-2 153 [12]
96Starling L&M Edge Hill Works July 1845 0-4-2 154 [18]
97Owzell L&M Edge Hill Works November 1845 0-4-2 155 [18]
98Redstart L&M Edge Hill Works December 1845 0-4-2 156 [18]
99Redbreast L&M Edge Hill Works September 1845 0-4-2 157 [18]
100Condor L&M Edge Hill Works March 1846 2-2-2 158 [12]
101Adjutant L&M Edge Hill Works March 1846 0-4-2 159 [18]
102Flamingo L&M Edge Hill Works March 1846 0-4-2 160 [18]
103Cuckoo L&M Edge Hill Works March 1846 0-4-2 161 [18]
104Albatross L&M Edge Hill Works June 1846 0-4-2 162 [18]
106Osprey L&M Edge Hill Works July 1846 0-4-2 163 [18]

† Number allocated but not applied

Related Research Articles

Rainhill trials Locomotive motive power competition (1829)

The Rainhill trials was an important competition run from the 6 to 14 October 1829, to test George Stephenson's argument that locomotives would have the best motive power for the then nearly-completed Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR). Five locomotives were entered, running along a 1 mile (1.6 km) length of level track at Rainhill, in Lancashire.

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<i>Planet</i> (locomotive)

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Rainhill railway station

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Edward Bury

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<i>Northumbrian</i> (locomotive) 1830s British locomotive

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Bricklayers Arms railway station

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Forrester single (locomotive) Locomotive class built in 1834 of type 2-2-0 by George Forrester and Company

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References

  1. ↑ de Pambour 1836 , p. 333:
    "... about one-third are useless. They are the most ancient, which, having been constructed at the first establishment of the railway, at a time when the company had not yet obtained sufficient experience in that respect, are found now to be out of proportion with the work required of them. The engines actually in daily activity on the road amount to about 10 or 11, and with an equal number in repair or reserve that business might completely be ensured. This is in fact what happens at present, the surplus, above that number being nearly abandoned."
  2. ↑ Dendy Marshall 1921, pp. 22–23.
  3. ↑ de Pambour 1836, p. 330.
  4. 1 2 "Early locomotive history". Steam Index. Archived from the original on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2008.
  5. 1 2 3 "Early Locomotives of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway". P T T Dixon. Retrieved 23 March 2008.
  6. ↑ Baxter 1978, p. 12.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Some historical background to the Liverpool and Manchester Railway". Resco. Archived from the original on 29 September 2010. Retrieved 23 March 2008. Extracted from Frederick S. Williams (1883, 2e), Our Iron Roads.
  8. ↑ Addyman & Haworth 2005, p. 28.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Baxter 1978 , p. 12 Baxter states names as: 2 Meteor; 3 Comet; 4 Arrow; 5 Dart.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Baxter 1978, p. 13.
  11. 1 2 Baxter 1978 , p. 13 Baxter states names as: 7 North Star; 8 Northumbrian.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Baxter 1978, p. 15.
  13. ↑ "Work done by the ten best engines of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, during the years 1831, 1832, 1833 and the first twelve weeks of 1834", from François Marie Guyonneau de Pambour (1836), A practical treatise on locomotive engines upon railways, pp 336–338; quoted in Mechanics Magazine, 25, 292 (1836), and elsewhere.
  14. ↑ Thomas, R.H.G. (1980). The Liverpool & Manchester Railway. London: Batsford. ISBN   0-7134-0537-6.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Baxter 1978, p. 14.
  16. ↑ Marshall 1978, p. 97.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Baxter 1978, p. 16.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Baxter 1978, p. 17.

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