List of Rosa species of the Balkans

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This article lists the 30 or so species in the genus Rosa (roses or briars) that are native to the Balkans.

Contents

For the purpose of this list, the northern boundary of the Balkans is taken to be the straight line from Trieste to the Danube Delta. European Turkey is included, and so are the islands in the west of the Aegean Sea (including Crete), but the eastern Aegean islands fall outside the boundaries of this region.

The list is confined to native species: indigenous species that grow in the wild. This excludes any that may be used in cultivation, such as the many varieties of ornamental garden roses or the ones grown commercially for their rose oil in Bulgaria's Rose Valley.

List of species

This list follows the order used in Atlas Florae Europaeae, where closely related species appear closer together. Each entry briefly outlines the parts of the Balkan Peninsula where each species is found, and then briefly gives the general distribution. Some synonyms, if previously commonly treated as distinct species in the literature, are also listed.

The reports of Rosa pouzinii Tratt. for Greece, [42] and of Rosa oxyodon Boiss. for Bulgaria are likely erroneous. [43] Six endemic species described by Stojan Dimitrov in the 1960s for Bulgaria have subsequently been rejected as independent species. These are Rosa parilica, [44] which was reduced to a synonym of R. heckelianaTratt.; [45] Rosa pontica, [46] later shown to represent misidentified individuals of R. turcicaRouy; [47] Rosa orphei, [48] which was identified as the hybrid R. pendulina × R. dumalis; [45] Rosa bulgarica [49] and Rosa rhodopaea, [50] both likely representing varieties of R. pulverulenta; [47] and Rosa balcanica, [51] whose herbarium specimens are a mixture of the hybrids R. pendulina × R. villosaL., R. pendulina × R. caninaL. and R. pendulina × R. dumalisBechst. [52]

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<i>Rosa dumalis</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa dumalis, the glaucous dog rose, is a species of rose in the Rosaceae family. The native range of this rose stretches from Europe to the Caucasus and also down to northwestern Africa.

Europe, the westernmost portion of Eurasia, is often divided into regions and subregions based on geographical, cultural or historical factors. Since there is no universal agreement on Europe's regional composition, the placement of individual countries may vary based on criteria being used. For instance, the Balkans is a distinct geographical region within Europe, but individual countries may alternatively be grouped into South-eastern Europe or Southern Europe.

<i>Geum rivale</i> Species of flowering plant

Geum rivale, the water avens, is a flowering plant in the genus Geum within the family Rosaceae. Other names of the plant are nodding avens, drooping avens, cure-all, water flower and Indian chocolate. It is native to the temperate regions of Europe, Central Asia and parts of North America, where it is known as the purple avens. It grows in bogs and damp meadows, and produces nodding red flowers from May to September.

<i>Alyssoides</i> Species of plant

Alyssoides is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae containing a single species, Alyssoides utriculata. A herbaceous perennial plant native to Southern Europe and Turkey, it grows on dry rocky slopes and on calcareous rocks, reaching heights of 20 to 50 cm and blooming with yellow flowers between April and May–July.

<i>Rosa sempervirens</i> Species of vine

Rosa sempervirens, the evergreen rose, is a species of wild rose native to the Mediterranean. It is a climbing perennial with very prickly stems.

<i>Rosa majalis</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa majalis is a species of deciduous shrubs in the genus Rosa, native to forests of Europe and Siberia. It grows to 2 m. and yields edible hip fruits rich in vitamin C, which are used in medicine and to produce rose hip syrup.

<i>Geum coccineum</i> Species of flowering plant

Geum coccineum is a species of flowering plant in the genus Geum, in the rose family Rosaceae. Native to the mountains of the Balkans and northern Turkey, it is also grown ornamentally for its bright red flowers.

<i>Geum montanum</i> Species of flowering plant

Geum montanum, the Alpine avens, is a species of flowering plant of the genus Geum in the Rosaceae family, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe.

<i>Rosa villosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa villosa, the apple rose, is a species of rose. It was described in 1753.

<i>Rosa pouzinii</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa pouzinii is a species of wild rose native to Mediterranean Europe. It is found in Spain, Portugal, southern France, parts of Italy, and the larger Western Mediterranean islands: Mallorca, Sardinia, Corsica and Sicily. There have been reports of occurrences in Greece, but these may have been erroneous.

<i>Rosa arvensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa arvensis, the field rose, is a species of wild rose native to Western, Central and Southern Europe.

<i>Rosa pendulina</i> Species of plant

Rosa pendulina,, the Alpine rose or mountain rose, is a species of wild rose found in the mountains of central and southern Europe. It appears to have survived in glacial refugia in the Alps and Carpathians, and spread out from there. A climbing shrub with deep pink flowers and relatively few thorns, it has had a history of cultivation as an ornamental plant.

<i>Rosa tomentosa</i> Species of rose

Rosa tomentosa, otherwise known as the harsh downy-rose, is a species of wild rose. It is a shrub growing to about 3 metres (10 ft). It is found in Asia Minor, the Caucasus, and much of Europe: the British Isles, France, Central Europe, northern Spain, Italy, and the Balkans . On the British Isles it can be found in hedgerows and woodland margins, and it typically flowers between June and July. Further south, in Bulgaria, it flowers in May.

<i>Rosa mollis</i> Species of flowering plant

Rosa mollis is a species of wild rose. Common name: soft downy-rose. It is most closely related to Rosa villosa. Rosa mollis can be distinguished from Rosa villosa by its longer leaves and pruinose stem, which is absent in the latter. Rosa mollis usually blossoms in Germany for approximately 5 weeks from the end of June to July

Rosa oxyodon is a species of wild rose native to the Caucasus. It is closely related to Rosa pendulina.

<i>Sibbaldia parviflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Sibbaldia parviflora is a species of flowering plant in the genus Sibbaldia of the family Rosaceae, native to Southeast Europe and West Asia. It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing in damp rocky places on alpine meadows.

Geum molle is a species of flowering plant of the genus Geum (avens) in the family Rosaceae. A perennial herbaceous plant found on meadows, it is native to the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula and Italy. It blooms with yellow flowers between June and August.

Geum borisii may refer to the following plants of the genus Geum:

Alyssum minutum is a species of flowering plant in the genus Alyssum, family Brassicaceae, native to the Mediterranean and Eastern Europe.

Alyssum pulvinare is a species of madwort, a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. A perennial herbaceous plant native to the Balkans, it grows on rocky places, rock ledges and dry grassy slopes, forming tufts about 6–15 cm high. It flowers in May and June.

References

  1. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 40.
  2. ↑ Meusel, Jäger & Weinert 1965, T362, K224.
  3. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 41.
  4. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 44.
  5. ↑ Meusel, Jäger & Weinert 1965, K225.
  6. ↑ For the general distribution, see Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , pp. 51–52). For the Bulgarian distribution, see Dimitrov (1973 , p. 157) and Asyov et al. (2012 , p. 350).
  7. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 55–56.
  8. ↑ Dimitrov 1973, pp. 158–59.
  9. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 56–58.
  10. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004 , pp. 61–63. There is some discrepancy between the Bulgarian range given in that source and the one reported in the Bulgarian literature (Dimitrov 1973 , p. 162; Asyov et al. 2012 , p. 350).
  11. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 63–64. The records from north-western Africa are according to them doubtful.
  12. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 67, 72.
  13. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 76). For the range in Bulgaria, see Dimitrov (1973 , pp. 130, 153); Asyov et al. (2012 , pp. 350–51).
  14. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 74, 88–90. But contrast with Bakker et al. (2019).
  15. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , pp. 78–81); the distribution in Bulgaria is from Dimitrov (1973 , pp. 133, 149) and Asyov et al. (2012 , pp. 350, 352), but the species delineation there differs from that of the Kurtto et al.
  16. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 83); the species is not recognised in the traditional literature in Bulgaria.
  17. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 83). Bakker et al. (2019) for example see it as the hybrid R. canina × R. vosagiaca.
  18. ↑ Kurtto et al.. The species is delineated along somewhat different lines in the Bulgarian literature, which gives a much wider distribution in the country (Dimitrov 1973 , p. 149; Asyov et al. 2012 , p. 349).
  19. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 86–8. Not recognised in the traditional classification in Bulgaria.
  20. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 88–90. Records of north-west Africa according to them are subject to doubt.
  21. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 90.
  22. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 93.
  23. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 100.
  24. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 101.
  25. ↑ Dimitrov (1973 , p. 145); Asyov et al. (2012 , p. 350).
  26. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 101–02.
  27. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 102). Detailed Bulgarian data from Asyov et al. (2012 , p. 350); in Dimitrov (1973 , p. 142) the species is referred to as Rosa parilica.
  28. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , pp. 105–6). This also gives Bulgaria, but the Bulgarian literature (Dimitrov (1973), Asyov et al. (2012)), does not report the species as present in the country.
  29. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 106–7.
  30. ↑ World Flora Online entries for R. inodora Fr. and R. elliptica Tausch. Accessed 3 December 2021.
  31. ↑ Bakker et al. 2019, pp. 12–15.
  32. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004 , p. 107 (as R. inodora); Meusel, Jäger & Weinert 1965 , K226a (as R. elliptica).
  33. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 107.
  34. ↑ Dimitrov (1973 , p. 153) and Asyov et al. (2012 , p. 350), but not in Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 109).
  35. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 111.
  36. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 113.
  37. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka (2004 , p. 114); Bulgarian distribution after Dimitrov (1973 , pp. 130–33) and Asyov et al. (2012 , p. 349).
  38. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 115–16.
  39. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 116.
  40. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, pp. 116–17.
  41. ↑ The R. turcica as described in Dimitrov (1973 , p. 141) is actually misidentified R. pulverulenta Zieliński, Petrova & Tan (2004 , p. 451).
  42. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 77.
  43. ↑ Kurtto, Lampinen & Junikka 2004, p. 56.
  44. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 56–58; Dimitrov 1973 , p. 142
  45. 1 2 Zieliński, Petrova & Tan 2004, p. 450.
  46. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 57–58; Dimitrov 1973 , p. 138
  47. 1 2 Zieliński, Petrova & Tan 2004, pp. 450–51.
  48. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 52–54; Dimitrov 1973 , pp. 141–42
  49. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 54–56; Dimitrov 1973 , p. 146
  50. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 59–60; Dimitrov 1973 , p. 154
  51. ↑ Dimitrov 1966 , pp. 50–52; Dimitrov 1973 , pp. 158–61
  52. ↑ Zieliński, Petrova & Tan 2004, pp. 449–50.

Bibliography

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